Re: [PATCH 4/8] kstaled: minimalistic implementation.

Andrew Morton
2011-09-22T23:15:06Z

On Fri, 16 Sep 2011 20:39:09 -0700
Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com> wrote:

> Introduce minimal kstaled implementation. The scan rate is controlled by
> /sys/kernel/mm/kstaled/scan_seconds and per-cgroup statistics are output
> into /dev/cgroup/*/memory.idle_page_stats.
>
>
> ...
>
> @@ -4668,6 +4680,30 @@ static int mem_control_numa_stat_open(struct inode *unused, struct file *file)
> }
> #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
>
> +#ifdef CONFIG_KSTALED
> +static int mem_cgroup_idle_page_stats_read(struct cgroup *cgrp,
> + struct cftype *cft, struct cgroup_map_cb *cb)
> +{
> + struct mem_cgroup *mem = mem_cgroup_from_cont(cgrp);

nit: please prefer to use identifier "memcg" when referring to a mem_cgroup.

> + unsigned int seqcount;
> + struct idle_page_stats stats;
> + unsigned long scans;
> +
> + do {
> + seqcount = read_seqcount_begin(&mem->idle_page_stats_lock);
> + stats = mem->idle_page_stats;
> + scans = mem->idle_page_scans;
> + } while (read_seqcount_retry(&mem->idle_page_stats_lock, seqcount));
> +
> + cb->fill(cb, "idle_clean", stats.idle_clean * PAGE_SIZE);
> + cb->fill(cb, "idle_dirty_file", stats.idle_dirty_file * PAGE_SIZE);
> + cb->fill(cb, "idle_dirty_swap", stats.idle_dirty_swap * PAGE_SIZE);

So the user interface has units of bytes. Was that documented
somewhere? Is it worth bothering with? getpagesize() exists...

(Actually, do we have a documentation update for the entire feature?)

> + cb->fill(cb, "scans", scans);
> +
> + return 0;
> +}
> +#endif /* CONFIG_KSTALED */
> +
> static struct cftype mem_cgroup_files[] = {
> {
> .name = "usage_in_bytes",
>
> ...
>
> @@ -5568,3 +5613,249 @@ static int __init enable_swap_account(char *s)
> __setup("swapaccount=", enable_swap_account);
>
> #endif
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_KSTALED
> +
> +static unsigned int kstaled_scan_seconds;
> +static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(kstaled_wait);
> +
> +static inline void kstaled_scan_page(struct page *page)

uninline this. You may find that the compiler already uninlined it.
Or it might inline it for you even if it wasn't declared inline. gcc
does a decent job of optimizing this stuff for us and hints are often
unneeded.

> +{
> + bool is_locked = false;
> + bool is_file;
> + struct pr_info info;
> + struct page_cgroup *pc;
> + struct idle_page_stats *stats;
> +
> + /*
> + * Before taking the page reference, check if the page is
> + * a user page which is not obviously unreclaimable
> + * (we will do more complete checks later).
> + */
> + if (!PageLRU(page) || PageMlocked(page) ||
> + (page->mapping == NULL && !PageSwapCache(page)))
> + return;
> +
> + if (!get_page_unless_zero(page))
> + return;
> +
> + /* Recheck now that we have the page reference. */
> + if (unlikely(!PageLRU(page) || PageMlocked(page)))
> + goto out;
> +
> + /*
> + * Anon and SwapCache pages can be identified without locking.
> + * For all other cases, we need the page locked in order to
> + * dereference page->mapping.
> + */
> + if (PageAnon(page) || PageSwapCache(page))
> + is_file = false;
> + else if (!trylock_page(page)) {
> + /*
> + * We need to lock the page to dereference the mapping.
> + * But don't risk sleeping by calling lock_page().
> + * We don't want to stall kstaled, so we conservatively
> + * count locked pages as unreclaimable.
> + */

hm. Pages are rarely locked for very long. They aren't locked during
writeback. I question the need for this?

> + goto out;
> + } else {
> + struct address_space *mapping = page->mapping;
> +
> + is_locked = true;
> +
> + /*
> + * The page is still anon - it has been continuously referenced
> + * since the prior check.
> + */
> + VM_BUG_ON(PageAnon(page) || mapping != page_rmapping(page));

Really? Are you sure that an elevated refcount is sufficient to
stabilise both of these?

> + /*
> + * Check the mapping under protection of the page lock.
> + * 1. If the page is not swap cache and has no mapping,
> + * shrink_page_list can't do anything with it.
> + * 2. If the mapping is unevictable (as in SHM_LOCK segments),
> + * shrink_page_list can't do anything with it.
> + * 3. If the page is swap cache or the mapping is swap backed
> + * (as in shmem), consider it a swappable page.
> + * 4. If the backing dev has indicated that it does not want
> + * its pages sync'd to disk (as in ramfs), take this as
> + * a hint that its pages are not reclaimable.
> + * 5. Otherwise, consider this as a file page reclaimable
> + * through standard pageout.
> + */
> + if (!mapping && !PageSwapCache(page))
> + goto out;
> + else if (mapping_unevictable(mapping))
> + goto out;
> + else if (PageSwapCache(page) ||
> + mapping_cap_swap_backed(mapping))
> + is_file = false;
> + else if (!mapping_cap_writeback_dirty(mapping))
> + goto out;
> + else
> + is_file = true;
> + }
> +
> + /* Find out if the page is idle. Also test for pending mlock. */
> + page_referenced_kstaled(page, is_locked, &info);
> + if ((info.pr_flags & PR_REFERENCED) || (info.vm_flags & VM_LOCKED))
> + goto out;
> +
> + /* Locate kstaled stats for the page's cgroup. */
> + pc = lookup_page_cgroup(page);
> + if (!pc)
> + goto out;
> + lock_page_cgroup(pc);
> + if (!PageCgroupUsed(pc))
> + goto unlock_page_cgroup_out;
> + stats = &pc->mem_cgroup->idle_scan_stats;
> +
> + /* Finally increment the correct statistic for this page. */
> + if (!(info.pr_flags & PR_DIRTY) &&
> + !PageDirty(page) && !PageWriteback(page))
> + stats->idle_clean++;
> + else if (is_file)
> + stats->idle_dirty_file++;
> + else
> + stats->idle_dirty_swap++;
> +
> + unlock_page_cgroup_out:
> + unlock_page_cgroup(pc);
> +
> + out:
> + if (is_locked)
> + unlock_page(page);
> + put_page(page);
> +}
> +
> +static void kstaled_scan_node(pg_data_t *pgdat)
> +{
> + unsigned long flags;
> + unsigned long start, end, pfn;
> +
> + pgdat_resize_lock(pgdat, &flags);
> +
> + start = pgdat->node_start_pfn;
> + end = start + pgdat->node_spanned_pages;
> +
> + for (pfn = start; pfn < end; pfn++) {
> + if (need_resched()) {
> + pgdat_resize_unlock(pgdat, &flags);
> + cond_resched();
> + pgdat_resize_lock(pgdat, &flags);
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
> + /* abort if the node got resized */
> + if (pfn < pgdat->node_start_pfn ||
> + end > (pgdat->node_start_pfn +
> + pgdat->node_spanned_pages))
> + goto abort;
> +#endif
> + }
> +
> + if (!pfn_valid(pfn))
> + continue;
> +
> + kstaled_scan_page(pfn_to_page(pfn));
> + }
> +
> +abort:
> + pgdat_resize_unlock(pgdat, &flags);
> +}
> +
> +static int kstaled(void *dummy)
> +{
> + while (1) {
> + int scan_seconds;
> + int nid;
> + struct mem_cgroup *mem;
> +
> + wait_event_interruptible(kstaled_wait,
> + (scan_seconds = kstaled_scan_seconds) > 0);
> + /*
> + * We use interruptible wait_event so as not to contribute
> + * to the machine load average while we're sleeping.
> + * However, we don't actually expect to receive a signal
> + * since we run as a kernel thread, so the condition we were
> + * waiting for should be true once we get here.
> + */
> + BUG_ON(scan_seconds <= 0);
> +
> + for_each_mem_cgroup_all(mem)
> + memset(&mem->idle_scan_stats, 0,
> + sizeof(mem->idle_scan_stats));
> +
> + for_each_node_state(nid, N_HIGH_MEMORY)
> + kstaled_scan_node(NODE_DATA(nid));
> +
> + for_each_mem_cgroup_all(mem) {
> + write_seqcount_begin(&mem->idle_page_stats_lock);
> + mem->idle_page_stats = mem->idle_scan_stats;
> + mem->idle_page_scans++;
> + write_seqcount_end(&mem->idle_page_stats_lock);
> + }
> +
> + schedule_timeout_interruptible(scan_seconds * HZ);
> + }
> +
> + BUG();
> + return 0; /* NOT REACHED */
> +}

OK, I'm really confused.

Take a minimal machine with a single node which contains one zone.

AFAICT this code will measure the number of idle pages in that zone and
then will attribute that number into *every* cgroup in the system.
With no discrimination between them. So it really provided no useful
information at all.

I was quite surprised to see a physical page scan! I'd have expected
kstaled to be doing pte tree walks.

> +static ssize_t kstaled_scan_seconds_show(struct kobject *kobj,
> + struct kobj_attribute *attr,
> + char *buf)
> +{
> + return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", kstaled_scan_seconds);
> +}
> +
> +static ssize_t kstaled_scan_seconds_store(struct kobject *kobj,
> + struct kobj_attribute *attr,
> + const char *buf, size_t count)
> +{
> + int err;
> + unsigned long input;
> +
> + err = strict_strtoul(buf, 10, &input);

Please use the new kstrto*() interfaces when merging up to mainline.

> + if (err)
> + return -EINVAL;
> + kstaled_scan_seconds = input;
> + wake_up_interruptible(&kstaled_wait);
> + return count;
> +}
> +
>
> ...
>
> +static int __init kstaled_init(void)
> +{
> + int error;
> + struct task_struct *thread;
> +
> + error = sysfs_create_group(mm_kobj, &kstaled_attr_group);
> + if (error) {
> + pr_err("Failed to create kstaled sysfs node\n");
> + return error;
> + }
> +
> + thread = kthread_run(kstaled, NULL, "kstaled");
> + if (IS_ERR(thread)) {
> + pr_err("Failed to start kstaled\n");
> + return PTR_ERR(thread);
> + }
> +
> + return 0;
> +}

I wonder if one thread machine-wide will be sufficient. We might end
up with per-nice threads, for example. Like kswapd.