Re: Default zone_reclaim_mode = 1 on NUMA kernel is bad for file/email/web servers

[Bron Gondwana <brong@fastmail.fm>]

On Fri, Sep 17, 2010 at 09:22:00AM -0500, Christoph Lameter wrote:
> On Sat, 18 Sep 2010, Bron Gondwana wrote:
> 
> > > From the first look that seems to be the problem. You do not need to be
> > > bound to a particular cpu, the scheduler will just leave a single process
> > > on the same cpu by default. If you then allocate all memory only from this
> > > process then you get the scenario that you described.
> >
> > Huh?  Which bit of forking server makes you think one process is allocating
> > lots of memory?  They're opening and reading from files.  Unless you're
> > calling the kernel a "single process".
> 
> I have no idea what your app does. 

Ok - Cyrus IMAPd has been around for ages.  It's an open source email
server built on a very traditional single-process model.

* a master process which reads config files and manages the other process
* multiple imapd processes, one per connection
* multiple pop3d processes, one per connection
* multiple lmtpd processes, one per connection
* periodical "cleanup" processes.

Each of these is started by the lightweight master forking and then
execing the appropriate daemon.

In our configuration we run 20 separate "master" processes, each
managing a single disk partition's worth of email.  The reason
for this is reduced locking contention for the central mailboxes
database, and also better replication concurrency, because each
instance runs a single replication process - so replication is
sequential.

> The data that I glanced over looks as
> if most allocations happen for a particular memory node

Sorry, which data?

> and since the
> memory is optimized to be local to that node other memory is not used
> intensively. This can occur because of allocations through one process /
> thread that is always running on the same cpu and therefore always
> allocates from the memory node local to that cpu.

As Rob said, there are thousands of independent processes, each opening
a single mailbox (3 separate metadata files plus possibly hundreds of
individual email files).  It's likely that diffenent processes will open
the same mailbox over time - for example an email client opening multiple
concurrent connections, and at the same time an lmtpd connecting and
delivering new emails to the mailbox.

> It can also happen f.e. if a driver always allocates memory local to the
> I/O bus that it is using.

None of what we're doing is super weird advanced stuff, it's a vanilla
forking daemon where a single process run and does stuff on behalf of
a user.  The only slightly interesting things:

1) each "service" has a single lock file, and all the idle processes of
   that type (i.e. imapd) block on that lock while they're waiting for
   a connection.  This is to avoid thundering herd on operating systems
   which aren't nice about it.  The winner does the accept and handles
   the connection.
2) once it's finished processing a request, the process will wait for
   another connection rather than closing.

Nothing sounds like what you're talking about (one giant process that's
all on one CPU), and I don't know why you keep talking about it.  It's
nothing like what we're running on these machines.

Bron.

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