[PATCH] mm: thp: Fix refcount leak in thpsize_create() error path

[PATCH] mm: thp: Fix refcount leak in thpsize_create() error path

[Guangshuo Li]

After kobject_init_and_add(), the lifetime of the embedded struct
kobject is expected to be managed through the kobject core reference
counting.

In thpsize_create(), if kobject_init_and_add() fails, thpsize is freed
directly with kfree() rather than releasing the kobject reference with
kobject_put(). This may leave the reference count of the embedded struct
kobject unbalanced, resulting in a refcount leak and potentially leading
to a use-after-free.

Fix this by using kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj) in the failure path and
letting thpsize_release() handle the final cleanup.

Fixes: 3485b88390b0 ("mm: thp: introduce multi-size THP sysfs interface")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Guangshuo Li <lgs201920130244@gmail.com>
---
 mm/huge_memory.c | 7 ++-----
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/huge_memory.c b/mm/huge_memory.c
index 40cf59301c21..ae6ed483cd53 100644
--- a/mm/huge_memory.c
+++ b/mm/huge_memory.c
@@ -726,11 +726,8 @@ static struct thpsize *thpsize_create(int order, struct kobject *parent)
 
 	ret = kobject_init_and_add(&thpsize->kobj, &thpsize_ktype, parent,
 				   "hugepages-%lukB", size);
-	if (ret) {
-		kfree(thpsize);
-		goto err;
-	}
-
+	if (ret)
+		goto err_put;
 
 	ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &any_ctrl_attr_grp);
 	if (ret)
-- 
2.43.0

Re: [PATCH] mm: thp: Fix refcount leak in thpsize_create() error path

[Baolin Wang]

On 4/11/26 2:21 PM, Guangshuo Li wrote:
> After kobject_init_and_add(), the lifetime of the embedded struct
> kobject is expected to be managed through the kobject core reference
> counting.
> 
> In thpsize_create(), if kobject_init_and_add() fails, thpsize is freed
> directly with kfree() rather than releasing the kobject reference with
> kobject_put(). This may leave the reference count of the embedded struct
> kobject unbalanced, resulting in a refcount leak and potentially leading
> to a use-after-free.
> 
> Fix this by using kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj) in the failure path and
> letting thpsize_release() handle the final cleanup.
> 
> Fixes: 3485b88390b0 ("mm: thp: introduce multi-size THP sysfs interface")
> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
> Signed-off-by: Guangshuo Li <lgs201920130244@gmail.com>
> ---

Make sense to me.
Reviewed-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>

Re: [PATCH] mm: thp: Fix refcount leak in thpsize_create() error path

[Barry Song]

On Sat, Apr 11, 2026 at 2:22 PM Guangshuo Li <lgs201920130244@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> After kobject_init_and_add(), the lifetime of the embedded struct
> kobject is expected to be managed through the kobject core reference
> counting.
>
> In thpsize_create(), if kobject_init_and_add() fails, thpsize is freed
> directly with kfree() rather than releasing the kobject reference with
> kobject_put(). This may leave the reference count of the embedded struct
> kobject unbalanced, resulting in a refcount leak and potentially leading
> to a use-after-free.
>
> Fix this by using kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj) in the failure path and
> letting thpsize_release() handle the final cleanup.
>
> Fixes: 3485b88390b0 ("mm: thp: introduce multi-size THP sysfs interface")
> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
> Signed-off-by: Guangshuo Li <lgs201920130244@gmail.com>

I’m fine with the patch, but could you send a v2 to drop
the err label, which is no longer used? Alternatively,
could you rename err_put to err?

@@ -825,9 +825,8 @@ static struct thpsize *thpsize_create(int order,
struct kobject *parent)
        }

        return thpsize;
-err_put:
-       kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj);
 err:
+       kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj);
        return ERR_PTR(ret);
 }


> ---
>  mm/huge_memory.c | 7 ++-----
>  1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/mm/huge_memory.c b/mm/huge_memory.c
> index 40cf59301c21..ae6ed483cd53 100644
> --- a/mm/huge_memory.c
> +++ b/mm/huge_memory.c
> @@ -726,11 +726,8 @@ static struct thpsize *thpsize_create(int order, struct kobject *parent)
>
>         ret = kobject_init_and_add(&thpsize->kobj, &thpsize_ktype, parent,
>                                    "hugepages-%lukB", size);
> -       if (ret) {
> -               kfree(thpsize);
> -               goto err;
> -       }
> -
> +       if (ret)
> +               goto err_put;
>
>         ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &any_ctrl_attr_grp);
>         if (ret)
> --
> 2.43.0
>

Re: [PATCH] mm: thp: Fix refcount leak in thpsize_create() error path

[Barry Song]

On Sat, Apr 11, 2026 at 4:32 PM Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> wrote:
>
> On Sat, Apr 11, 2026 at 2:22 PM Guangshuo Li <lgs201920130244@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > After kobject_init_and_add(), the lifetime of the embedded struct
> > kobject is expected to be managed through the kobject core reference
> > counting.
> >
> > In thpsize_create(), if kobject_init_and_add() fails, thpsize is freed
> > directly with kfree() rather than releasing the kobject reference with
> > kobject_put(). This may leave the reference count of the embedded struct
> > kobject unbalanced, resulting in a refcount leak and potentially leading
> > to a use-after-free.
> >
> > Fix this by using kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj) in the failure path and
> > letting thpsize_release() handle the final cleanup.
> >
> > Fixes: 3485b88390b0 ("mm: thp: introduce multi-size THP sysfs interface")
> > Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
> > Signed-off-by: Guangshuo Li <lgs201920130244@gmail.com>
>
> I’m fine with the patch, but could you send a v2 to drop
> the err label, which is no longer used? Alternatively,
> could you rename err_put to err?
>
> @@ -825,9 +825,8 @@ static struct thpsize *thpsize_create(int order,
> struct kobject *parent)
>         }
>
>         return thpsize;
> -err_put:
> -       kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj);
>  err:
> +       kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj);
>         return ERR_PTR(ret);
>  }

Sorry, my mistake—err is still used by kzalloc_obj.

Reviewed-by: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org>

Re: [PATCH] mm: thp: Fix refcount leak in thpsize_create() error path

[Lance Yang]

On Sat, Apr 11, 2026 at 02:21:52PM +0800, Guangshuo Li wrote:
>After kobject_init_and_add(), the lifetime of the embedded struct
>kobject is expected to be managed through the kobject core reference
>counting.
>
>In thpsize_create(), if kobject_init_and_add() fails, thpsize is freed
>directly with kfree() rather than releasing the kobject reference with
>kobject_put(). This may leave the reference count of the embedded struct

Right. As documented for kobject_init_and_add(), once it has been
called, the error path should go through kobject_put():

/**
 * kobject_init_and_add() - Initialize a kobject structure and add it to
 *                          the kobject hierarchy.
...
 *
 * This function combines the call to kobject_init() and kobject_add().
 *
 * If this function returns an error, kobject_put() must be called to
 * properly clean up the memory associated with the object.  This is the
...
 */
int kobject_init_and_add(struct kobject *kobj, const struct kobj_type *ktype,
			 struct kobject *parent, const char *fmt, ...)

>kobject unbalanced, resulting in a refcount leak and potentially leading
>to a use-after-free.

IIUC, this looks more like wrong kobject lifetime handling and likely a
leak, not a clear UAF :)

>Fix this by using kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj) in the failure path and
>letting thpsize_release() handle the final cleanup.
>
>Fixes: 3485b88390b0 ("mm: thp: introduce multi-size THP sysfs interface")
>Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
>Signed-off-by: Guangshuo Li <lgs201920130244@gmail.com>
>---

Apart from that, LGTM.
Reviewed-by: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>