From: Hui Zhu <hui.zhu@linux.dev>
To: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>,
Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>,
Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>,
Brendan Jackman <brendan.jackman@linux.dev>,
Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>, Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>,
linux-mm@kvack.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: teawater <zhuhui@kylinos.cn>
Subject: [PATCH] mm/compaction: annotate data race for zone->free_area[order].nr_free
Date: Wed, 28 Oct 2026 17:07:47 +0800 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20261028090747.68086-1-hui.zhu@linux.dev> (raw)
From: teawater <zhuhui@kylinos.cn>
KCSAN reports a data-race on nr_free which also exists on mainline:
BUG: KCSAN: data-race in fast_isolate_freepages+0x284/0x1550 mm/compaction.c:1589
race at unknown origin, with read to 0xffff9894ff3dcb60 of 8 bytes by task 179078 on cpu 12:
fast_isolate_freepages+0x284/0x1550 mm/compaction.c:1589
isolate_freepages+0x52/0x650 mm/compaction.c:1722
compaction_alloc_noprof+0x36e/0x3e0 mm/compaction.c:1850
compaction_alloc+0x21/0x30 mm/compaction.c:1880
migrate_folio_unmap+0x7f/0x820 mm/migrate.c:1177
migrate_pages_batch+0x37e/0x1200 mm/migrate.c:1762
migrate_pages_sync+0xce/0x560 mm/migrate.c:1928
migrate_pages+0x8c6/0xc20 mm/migrate.c:2037
compact_zone+0x539/0x10b0 mm/compaction.c:2660
compact_zone_order+0x1b8/0x230 mm/compaction.c:2795
try_to_compact_pages+0x20b/0x630 mm/compaction.c:2851
__alloc_pages_direct_compact+0x98/0x2b0 mm/page_alloc.c:3722
__alloc_pages_slowpath.constprop.0+0x452/0xdf0 mm/page_alloc.c:4401
__alloc_pages_noprof+0x28a/0x2d0 mm/page_alloc.c:4794
alloc_pages_mpol_noprof+0x1b1/0x470 mm/mempolicy.c:2270
alloc_pages_noprof+0x7a/0xe0 mm/mempolicy.c:2347
io_mem_alloc_compound io_uring/io_uring.c:2848 [inline]
io_pages_map+0xb9/0x330 io_uring/io_uring.c:2892
io_allocate_scq_urings+0x231/0x300 io_uring/io_uring.c:3933
io_uring_create+0x29c/0x9c0 io_uring/io_uring.c:4091
io_uring_setup+0xb6/0x100 io_uring/io_uring.c:4203
__do_sys_io_uring_setup io_uring/io_uring.c:4230 [inline]
__se_sys_io_uring_setup io_uring/io_uring.c:4224 [inline]
__x64_sys_io_uring_setup+0x66/0xe0 io_uring/io_uring.c:4224
x64_sys_call+0x1816/0x1d90 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:426
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:51 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x70/0x2a0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:81
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0xe0
value changed: 0x00000000000002f4 -> 0x00000000000002f5
nr_free is only updated with zone->lock held, but fast_isolate_freepages()
and fast_find_migrateblock() read it locklessly to skip an order that has
no free pages. page_alloc.o is excluded from KCSAN, so the writer is not
instrumented and the report is of unknown origin.
The race is benign: a stale zero only skips the order for this round, and
a stale non-zero just finds an empty MIGRATE_MOVABLE freelist under the
lock. Annotate both reads with data_race(), following commit
af1c31acc853 ("mm/vmstat: annotate data race for zone->free_area[order].nr_free").
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: teawater <zhuhui@kylinos.cn>
---
mm/compaction.c | 12 ++++++++++--
1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/mm/compaction.c b/mm/compaction.c
index f1b2060eb2016..499ec7ceaa3ed 100644
--- a/mm/compaction.c
+++ b/mm/compaction.c
@@ -1601,7 +1601,11 @@ static void fast_isolate_freepages(struct compact_control *cc)
unsigned int order_scanned = 0;
unsigned long high_pfn = 0;
- if (!area->nr_free)
+ /*
+ * Access to nr_free is lockless as it is only a hint; a stale
+ * value is harmless. Use data_race to avoid KCSAN warning.
+ */
+ if (!data_race(area->nr_free))
continue;
spin_lock_irqsave(&cc->zone->lock, flags);
@@ -2031,7 +2035,11 @@ static unsigned long fast_find_migrateblock(struct compact_control *cc)
unsigned long flags;
struct page *freepage;
- if (!area->nr_free)
+ /*
+ * Access to nr_free is lockless as it is only a hint; a stale
+ * value is harmless. Use data_race to avoid KCSAN warning.
+ */
+ if (!data_race(area->nr_free))
continue;
spin_lock_irqsave(&cc->zone->lock, flags);
--
2.43.0
next reply other threads:[~2026-10-28 9:08 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 3+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2026-10-28 9:07 Hui Zhu [this message]
2026-10-28 10:30 ` [PATCH] mm/compaction: annotate data race for zone->free_area[order].nr_free Dev Jain
2026-10-28 13:46 ` Zi Yan
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