[PATCH v3 00/13] mm: free retracted page table by RCU

[Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>]

Here is v3 of the series of patches to mm (and a few architectures), based
on v6.5-rc1 which includes the preceding two series (thank you!): in which
khugepaged takes advantage of pte_offset_map[_lock]() allowing for pmd
transitions.  Differences from v1 and v2 are noted patch by patch below.

This replaces the v2 "mm: free retracted page table by RCU"
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/54cb04f-3762-987f-8294-91dafd8ebfb0@google.com/
series of 12 posted on 2023-06-20.

What is it all about?  Some mmap_lock avoidance i.e. latency reduction.
Initially just for the case of collapsing shmem or file pages to THPs:
the usefulness of MADV_COLLAPSE on shmem is being limited by that
mmap_write_lock it currently requires.

Likely to be relied upon later in other contexts e.g. freeing of
empty page tables (but that's not work I'm doing).  mmap_write_lock
avoidance when collapsing to anon THPs?  Perhaps, but again that's not
work I've done: a quick attempt was not as easy as the shmem/file case.

These changes (though of course not these exact patches) have been in
Google's data centre kernel for three years now: we do rely upon them.

Based on v6.5-rc1; and almost good on current mm-unstable or current
linux-next - just one patch conflicts, the 12/13: I'll reply to that
one with its mm-unstable or linux-next equivalent (vma_assert_locked()
has been added next to where vma_try_start_write() is being removed).

01/13 mm/pgtable: add rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock()s
      v3: same as v1
02/13 mm/pgtable: add PAE safety to __pte_offset_map()
      v3: same as v2
      v2: rename to pmdp_get_lockless_start/end() per Matthew;
          so use inlines without _irq_save(flags) macro oddity;
          add pmdp_get_lockless_sync() for use later in 09/13.
03/13 arm: adjust_pte() use pte_offset_map_nolock()
      v3: same as v1
04/13 powerpc: assert_pte_locked() use pte_offset_map_nolock()
      v3: same as v1
05/13 powerpc: add pte_free_defer() for pgtables sharing page
      v3: much simpler version, following suggestion by Jason
      v2: fix rcu_head usage to cope with concurrent deferrals;
          add para to commit message explaining rcu_head issue.
06/13 sparc: add pte_free_defer() for pte_t *pgtable_t
      v3: same as v2
      v2: use page_address() instead of less common page_to_virt();
          add para to commit message explaining simple conversion;
          changed title since sparc64 pgtables do not share page.
07/13 s390: add pte_free_defer() for pgtables sharing page
      v3: much simpler version, following suggestion by Gerald
      v2: complete rewrite, integrated with s390's existing pgtable
          management; temporarily using a global mm_pgtable_list_lock,
          to be restored to per-mm spinlock in a later followup patch.
08/13 mm/pgtable: add pte_free_defer() for pgtable as page
      v3: same as v2
      v2: add comment on rcu_head to "Page table pages", per JannH
09/13 mm/khugepaged: retract_page_tables() without mmap or vma lock
      v3: same as v2
      v2: repeat checks under ptl because UFFD, per PeterX and JannH;
          bring back mmu_notifier calls for PMD, per JannH and Jason;
          pmdp_get_lockless_sync() to issue missing interrupt if PAE.
10/13 mm/khugepaged: collapse_pte_mapped_thp() with mmap_read_lock()
      v3: updated to using ptent instead of *pte
      v2: first check VMA, in case page tables torn down, per JannH;
          pmdp_get_lockless_sync() to issue missing interrupt if PAE;
          moved mmu_notifier after step 1, reworked final goto labels.
11/13 mm/khugepaged: delete khugepaged_collapse_pte_mapped_thps()
      v3: rediffed
      v2: same as v1
12/13 mm: delete mmap_write_trylock() and vma_try_start_write()
      v3: rediffed (different diff needed for mm-unstable or linux-next)
      v2: same as v1
13/13 mm/pgtable: notes on pte_offset_map[_lock]()
      v3: new: JannH asked for more helpful comment, this is my attempt;
          could be moved to be the first in the series.

 arch/arm/mm/fault-armv.c            |   3 +-
 arch/powerpc/include/asm/pgalloc.h  |   4 +
 arch/powerpc/mm/pgtable-frag.c      |  29 +-
 arch/powerpc/mm/pgtable.c           |  16 +-
 arch/s390/include/asm/pgalloc.h     |   4 +
 arch/s390/mm/pgalloc.c              |  80 ++++-
 arch/sparc/include/asm/pgalloc_64.h |   4 +
 arch/sparc/mm/init_64.c             |  16 +
 include/linux/mm.h                  |  17 --
 include/linux/mm_types.h            |   4 +
 include/linux/mmap_lock.h           |  10 -
 include/linux/pgtable.h             |  10 +-
 mm/khugepaged.c                     | 481 +++++++++++-------------------
 mm/pgtable-generic.c                |  97 +++++-
 14 files changed, 404 insertions(+), 371 deletions(-)

Hugh