[PATCH v2 0/5] support shmem mTHP collapse

[PATCH v2 0/5] support shmem mTHP collapse

[Baolin Wang]

Hi,

Shmem already supports mTHP allocation[1], and this patch set adds support
for shmem mTHP collapse, as well as adding relevant test cases. Please
help to review. Thanks.

Note: all khugepaged selftests have passed.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/cover.1718090413.git.baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com/T/#m4bd7e701c7b5f36f712055e4360cad593a22b3bf

Changes from v1:
 - Simplify is_refcount_suitable(), per David.
 - Add reviewed tag from David. Thanks.
 - Update some comments.

Baolin Wang (5):
  mm: khugepaged: expand the is_refcount_suitable() to support file
    folios
  mm: khugepaged: use the number of pages in the folio to check the
    reference count
  mm: khugepaged: support shmem mTHP copy
  mm: khugepaged: support shmem mTHP collapse
  selftests: mm: support shmem mTHP collapse testing

 mm/khugepaged.c                           | 62 +++++++++++------------
 tools/testing/selftests/mm/khugepaged.c   |  4 +-
 tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.c | 46 ++++++++++++++---
 tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.h |  9 +++-
 4 files changed, 82 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-)

-- 
2.39.3

[PATCH v2 1/5] mm: khugepaged: expand the is_refcount_suitable() to support file folios

[Baolin Wang]

Expand the is_refcount_suitable() to support reference checks for file folios,
as preparation for supporting shmem mTHP collapse.

Signed-off-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
---
 mm/khugepaged.c | 11 ++++++-----
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/khugepaged.c b/mm/khugepaged.c
index cdd1d8655a76..76f05215ee87 100644
--- a/mm/khugepaged.c
+++ b/mm/khugepaged.c
@@ -546,12 +546,14 @@ static void release_pte_pages(pte_t *pte, pte_t *_pte,
 
 static bool is_refcount_suitable(struct folio *folio)
 {
-	int expected_refcount;
+	int expected_refcount = folio_mapcount(folio);
 
-	expected_refcount = folio_mapcount(folio);
-	if (folio_test_swapcache(folio))
+	if (!folio_test_anon(folio) || folio_test_swapcache(folio))
 		expected_refcount += folio_nr_pages(folio);
 
+	if (folio_test_private(folio))
+		expected_refcount++;
+
 	return folio_ref_count(folio) == expected_refcount;
 }
 
@@ -2285,8 +2287,7 @@ static int hpage_collapse_scan_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
 			break;
 		}
 
-		if (folio_ref_count(folio) !=
-		    1 + folio_mapcount(folio) + folio_test_private(folio)) {
+		if (!is_refcount_suitable(folio)) {
 			result = SCAN_PAGE_COUNT;
 			break;
 		}
-- 
2.39.3

Re: [PATCH v2 1/5] mm: khugepaged: expand the is_refcount_suitable() to support file folios

[David Hildenbrand]

On 20.08.24 11:49, Baolin Wang wrote:
> Expand the is_refcount_suitable() to support reference checks for file folios,
> as preparation for supporting shmem mTHP collapse.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
> ---

Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>

-- 
Cheers,

David / dhildenb

[PATCH v2 2/5] mm: khugepaged: use the number of pages in the folio to check the reference count

[Baolin Wang]

Use the number of pages in the folio to check the reference count as
preparation for supporting shmem mTHP collapse.

Signed-off-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
---
 mm/khugepaged.c | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/khugepaged.c b/mm/khugepaged.c
index 76f05215ee87..e015c94eba09 100644
--- a/mm/khugepaged.c
+++ b/mm/khugepaged.c
@@ -1988,9 +1988,9 @@ static int collapse_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
 		VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio != xa_load(xas.xa, index), folio);
 
 		/*
-		 * We control three references to the folio:
+		 * We control 2 + nr_pages references to the folio:
 		 *  - we hold a pin on it;
-		 *  - one reference from page cache;
+		 *  - nr_pages reference from page cache;
 		 *  - one from lru_isolate_folio;
 		 * If those are the only references, then any new usage
 		 * of the folio will have to fetch it from the page
@@ -1998,7 +1998,7 @@ static int collapse_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
 		 * truncate, so any new usage will be blocked until we
 		 * unlock folio after collapse/during rollback.
 		 */
-		if (folio_ref_count(folio) != 3) {
+		if (folio_ref_count(folio) != 2 + folio_nr_pages(folio)) {
 			result = SCAN_PAGE_COUNT;
 			xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
 			folio_putback_lru(folio);
@@ -2181,7 +2181,7 @@ static int collapse_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
 		folio_clear_active(folio);
 		folio_clear_unevictable(folio);
 		folio_unlock(folio);
-		folio_put_refs(folio, 3);
+		folio_put_refs(folio, 2 + folio_nr_pages(folio));
 	}
 
 	goto out;
-- 
2.39.3

[PATCH v2 3/5] mm: khugepaged: support shmem mTHP copy

[Baolin Wang]

Iterate each subpage in the large folio to copy, as preparation for supporting
shmem mTHP collapse.

Signed-off-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
---
 mm/khugepaged.c | 15 ++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/khugepaged.c b/mm/khugepaged.c
index e015c94eba09..4996f7487c13 100644
--- a/mm/khugepaged.c
+++ b/mm/khugepaged.c
@@ -2056,17 +2056,22 @@ static int collapse_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
 	index = start;
 	dst = folio_page(new_folio, 0);
 	list_for_each_entry(folio, &pagelist, lru) {
+		int i, nr_pages = folio_nr_pages(folio);
+
 		while (index < folio->index) {
 			clear_highpage(dst);
 			index++;
 			dst++;
 		}
-		if (copy_mc_highpage(dst, folio_page(folio, 0)) > 0) {
-			result = SCAN_COPY_MC;
-			goto rollback;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
+			if (copy_mc_highpage(dst, folio_page(folio, i)) > 0) {
+				result = SCAN_COPY_MC;
+				goto rollback;
+			}
+			index++;
+			dst++;
 		}
-		index++;
-		dst++;
 	}
 	while (index < end) {
 		clear_highpage(dst);
-- 
2.39.3

[PATCH v2 4/5] mm: khugepaged: support shmem mTHP collapse

[Baolin Wang]

Shmem already supports the allocation of mTHP, but khugepaged does not yet
support collapsing mTHP folios. Now khugepaged is ready to support mTHP,
and this patch enables the collapse of shmem mTHP.

Signed-off-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
---
 mm/khugepaged.c | 28 +++++++++++-----------------
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/khugepaged.c b/mm/khugepaged.c
index 4996f7487c13..4a83c40d9053 100644
--- a/mm/khugepaged.c
+++ b/mm/khugepaged.c
@@ -1843,7 +1843,7 @@ static int collapse_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
 		}
 	} while (1);
 
-	for (index = start; index < end; index++) {
+	for (index = start; index < end;) {
 		xas_set(&xas, index);
 		folio = xas_load(&xas);
 
@@ -1862,6 +1862,7 @@ static int collapse_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
 					}
 				}
 				nr_none++;
+				index++;
 				continue;
 			}
 
@@ -1943,12 +1944,10 @@ static int collapse_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
 		 * we locked the first folio, then a THP might be there already.
 		 * This will be discovered on the first iteration.
 		 */
-		if (folio_test_large(folio)) {
-			result = folio_order(folio) == HPAGE_PMD_ORDER &&
-					folio->index == start
-					/* Maybe PMD-mapped */
-					? SCAN_PTE_MAPPED_HUGEPAGE
-					: SCAN_PAGE_COMPOUND;
+		if (folio_order(folio) == HPAGE_PMD_ORDER &&
+		    folio->index == start) {
+			/* Maybe PMD-mapped */
+			result = SCAN_PTE_MAPPED_HUGEPAGE;
 			goto out_unlock;
 		}
 
@@ -2009,6 +2008,7 @@ static int collapse_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
 		 * Accumulate the folios that are being collapsed.
 		 */
 		list_add_tail(&folio->lru, &pagelist);
+		index += folio_nr_pages(folio);
 		continue;
 out_unlock:
 		folio_unlock(folio);
@@ -2261,16 +2261,10 @@ static int hpage_collapse_scan_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * TODO: khugepaged should compact smaller compound pages
-		 * into a PMD sized page
-		 */
-		if (folio_test_large(folio)) {
-			result = folio_order(folio) == HPAGE_PMD_ORDER &&
-					folio->index == start
-					/* Maybe PMD-mapped */
-					? SCAN_PTE_MAPPED_HUGEPAGE
-					: SCAN_PAGE_COMPOUND;
+		if (folio_order(folio) == HPAGE_PMD_ORDER &&
+		    folio->index == start) {
+			/* Maybe PMD-mapped */
+			result = SCAN_PTE_MAPPED_HUGEPAGE;
 			/*
 			 * For SCAN_PTE_MAPPED_HUGEPAGE, further processing
 			 * by the caller won't touch the page cache, and so
-- 
2.39.3

[PATCH v2 5/5] selftests: mm: support shmem mTHP collapse testing

[Baolin Wang]

Add shmem mTHP collpase testing. Similar to the anonymous page, users can use
the '-s' parameter to specify the shmem mTHP size for testing.

Signed-off-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/mm/khugepaged.c   |  4 +-
 tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.c | 46 ++++++++++++++++++++---
 tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.h |  9 ++++-
 3 files changed, 51 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/khugepaged.c b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/khugepaged.c
index 829320a519e7..56d4480e8d3c 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/khugepaged.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/khugepaged.c
@@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@ static void usage(void)
 	fprintf(stderr,	"\n\tSupported Options:\n");
 	fprintf(stderr,	"\t\t-h: This help message.\n");
 	fprintf(stderr,	"\t\t-s: mTHP size, expressed as page order.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr,	"\t\t    Defaults to 0. Use this size for anon allocations.\n");
+	fprintf(stderr,	"\t\t    Defaults to 0. Use this size for anon or shmem allocations.\n");
 	exit(1);
 }
 
@@ -1209,6 +1209,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	default_settings.khugepaged.pages_to_scan = hpage_pmd_nr * 8;
 	default_settings.hugepages[hpage_pmd_order].enabled = THP_INHERIT;
 	default_settings.hugepages[anon_order].enabled = THP_ALWAYS;
+	default_settings.shmem_hugepages[hpage_pmd_order].enabled = SHMEM_INHERIT;
+	default_settings.shmem_hugepages[anon_order].enabled = SHMEM_ALWAYS;
 
 	save_settings();
 	thp_push_settings(&default_settings);
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.c b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.c
index a4163438108e..577eaab6266f 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.c
@@ -33,10 +33,11 @@ static const char * const thp_defrag_strings[] = {
 };
 
 static const char * const shmem_enabled_strings[] = {
+	"never",
 	"always",
 	"within_size",
 	"advise",
-	"never",
+	"inherit",
 	"deny",
 	"force",
 	NULL
@@ -200,6 +201,7 @@ void thp_write_num(const char *name, unsigned long num)
 void thp_read_settings(struct thp_settings *settings)
 {
 	unsigned long orders = thp_supported_orders();
+	unsigned long shmem_orders = thp_shmem_supported_orders();
 	char path[PATH_MAX];
 	int i;
 
@@ -234,12 +236,24 @@ void thp_read_settings(struct thp_settings *settings)
 		settings->hugepages[i].enabled =
 			thp_read_string(path, thp_enabled_strings);
 	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < NR_ORDERS; i++) {
+		if (!((1 << i) & shmem_orders)) {
+			settings->shmem_hugepages[i].enabled = SHMEM_NEVER;
+			continue;
+		}
+		snprintf(path, PATH_MAX, "hugepages-%ukB/shmem_enabled",
+			(getpagesize() >> 10) << i);
+		settings->shmem_hugepages[i].enabled =
+			thp_read_string(path, shmem_enabled_strings);
+	}
 }
 
 void thp_write_settings(struct thp_settings *settings)
 {
 	struct khugepaged_settings *khugepaged = &settings->khugepaged;
 	unsigned long orders = thp_supported_orders();
+	unsigned long shmem_orders = thp_shmem_supported_orders();
 	char path[PATH_MAX];
 	int enabled;
 	int i;
@@ -271,6 +285,15 @@ void thp_write_settings(struct thp_settings *settings)
 		enabled = settings->hugepages[i].enabled;
 		thp_write_string(path, thp_enabled_strings[enabled]);
 	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < NR_ORDERS; i++) {
+		if (!((1 << i) & shmem_orders))
+			continue;
+		snprintf(path, PATH_MAX, "hugepages-%ukB/shmem_enabled",
+			(getpagesize() >> 10) << i);
+		enabled = settings->shmem_hugepages[i].enabled;
+		thp_write_string(path, shmem_enabled_strings[enabled]);
+	}
 }
 
 struct thp_settings *thp_current_settings(void)
@@ -324,17 +347,18 @@ void thp_set_read_ahead_path(char *path)
 	dev_queue_read_ahead_path[sizeof(dev_queue_read_ahead_path) - 1] = '\0';
 }
 
-unsigned long thp_supported_orders(void)
+static unsigned long __thp_supported_orders(bool is_shmem)
 {
 	unsigned long orders = 0;
 	char path[PATH_MAX];
 	char buf[256];
-	int ret;
-	int i;
+	int ret, i;
+	char anon_dir[] = "enabled";
+	char shmem_dir[] = "shmem_enabled";
 
 	for (i = 0; i < NR_ORDERS; i++) {
-		ret = snprintf(path, PATH_MAX, THP_SYSFS "hugepages-%ukB/enabled",
-			(getpagesize() >> 10) << i);
+		ret = snprintf(path, PATH_MAX, THP_SYSFS "hugepages-%ukB/%s",
+			       (getpagesize() >> 10) << i, is_shmem ? shmem_dir : anon_dir);
 		if (ret >= PATH_MAX) {
 			printf("%s: Pathname is too long\n", __func__);
 			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
@@ -347,3 +371,13 @@ unsigned long thp_supported_orders(void)
 
 	return orders;
 }
+
+unsigned long thp_supported_orders(void)
+{
+	return __thp_supported_orders(false);
+}
+
+unsigned long thp_shmem_supported_orders(void)
+{
+	return __thp_supported_orders(true);
+}
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.h b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.h
index 71cbff05f4c7..876235a23460 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.h
@@ -22,10 +22,11 @@ enum thp_defrag {
 };
 
 enum shmem_enabled {
+	SHMEM_NEVER,
 	SHMEM_ALWAYS,
 	SHMEM_WITHIN_SIZE,
 	SHMEM_ADVISE,
-	SHMEM_NEVER,
+	SHMEM_INHERIT,
 	SHMEM_DENY,
 	SHMEM_FORCE,
 };
@@ -46,6 +47,10 @@ struct khugepaged_settings {
 	unsigned long pages_to_scan;
 };
 
+struct shmem_hugepages_settings {
+	enum shmem_enabled enabled;
+};
+
 struct thp_settings {
 	enum thp_enabled thp_enabled;
 	enum thp_defrag thp_defrag;
@@ -54,6 +59,7 @@ struct thp_settings {
 	struct khugepaged_settings khugepaged;
 	unsigned long read_ahead_kb;
 	struct hugepages_settings hugepages[NR_ORDERS];
+	struct shmem_hugepages_settings shmem_hugepages[NR_ORDERS];
 };
 
 int read_file(const char *path, char *buf, size_t buflen);
@@ -76,5 +82,6 @@ void thp_save_settings(void);
 
 void thp_set_read_ahead_path(char *path);
 unsigned long thp_supported_orders(void);
+unsigned long thp_shmem_supported_orders(void);
 
 #endif /* __THP_SETTINGS_H__ */
-- 
2.39.3