From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Received: from us-smtp-delivery-124.mimecast.com (us-smtp-delivery-124.mimecast.com [170.10.129.124]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 6FFC827AC31 for ; Fri, 30 Jan 2026 14:10:34 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=170.10.129.124 ARC-Seal:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1769782235; cv=none; b=YRrbym/iFAM5nVjcb0NIDWTnh3uMBKOn+qSQSD5H4BeJAqALh6VFGKeh7mtdTCtt0EctsDZ0HRCsN6YY7yl3VQ4rj5l26LMdDVPx2WMVgwO+2TWBjfX6/7Te3SHfI2vVAsNwxNImjWG58t0fd/1gW36CxTfOBJ+0BGKPI9fK9Xk= ARC-Message-Signature:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1769782235; c=relaxed/simple; bh=rmhZ5sOTwbtWVJbmT/uMxFq2nJwHusyhn+cZ3ChqXsU=; h=From:In-Reply-To:References:To:Cc:Subject:MIME-Version: Content-Type:Date:Message-ID; b=RKGwD8CSjKWtw/UogJYzwjIXqpAHVzMTKVw4HRvPCzaewUXeLXbL2dx6M4eMA4tyLVyYBEVpc2R/IN2Ikb9QjGFSSqX3M4kCg+3+MSDYPcwcC9FQt4+wHkWhrGC5tMsrlNIvo/4OJcIILO7R6hYsTv86uLfy5n6lEbQnKUJ0Mv8= ARC-Authentication-Results:i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=quarantine dis=none) header.from=redhat.com; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=redhat.com; dkim=pass (1024-bit key) header.d=redhat.com header.i=@redhat.com header.b=PE+kKaJB; arc=none smtp.client-ip=170.10.129.124 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=quarantine dis=none) header.from=redhat.com Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=redhat.com Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (1024-bit key) header.d=redhat.com header.i=@redhat.com header.b="PE+kKaJB" DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=redhat.com; s=mimecast20190719; t=1769782233; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references; bh=rmhZ5sOTwbtWVJbmT/uMxFq2nJwHusyhn+cZ3ChqXsU=; b=PE+kKaJBUbCFBQ8wGgc3qS/1wjiWLpAbS8K5I/7YOpVOpvG0uXOslvtV0Tbyl2dXG+oAfn tqszidJ5PqKaNmaLFcGpoycRdYZkYu7642EH+G41M6WdRLrebH/IPNJg0+SsIVRfdz5VPZ OJBCpTTElb20Vq7f/lJ2e9YIWkm0P4Q= Received: from mx-prod-mc-05.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (ec2-54-186-198-63.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com [54.186.198.63]) by relay.mimecast.com with ESMTP with STARTTLS (version=TLSv1.3, cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384) id us-mta-383-g_mBxJh8MMqC7doZp1gvbg-1; Fri, 30 Jan 2026 09:10:30 -0500 X-MC-Unique: g_mBxJh8MMqC7doZp1gvbg-1 X-Mimecast-MFC-AGG-ID: g_mBxJh8MMqC7doZp1gvbg_1769782228 Received: from mx-prod-int-03.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (mx-prod-int-03.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com [10.30.177.12]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) server-digest SHA256) (No client certificate requested) by mx-prod-mc-05.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 7B5EC1956095; Fri, 30 Jan 2026 14:10:28 +0000 (UTC) Received: from warthog.procyon.org.uk (unknown [10.44.33.164]) by mx-prod-int-03.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0CF3319560A2; Fri, 30 Jan 2026 14:10:22 +0000 (UTC) Organization: Red Hat UK Ltd. Registered Address: Red Hat UK Ltd, Amberley Place, 107-111 Peascod Street, Windsor, Berkshire, SI4 1TE, United Kingdom. Registered in England and Wales under Company Registration No. 3798903 From: David Howells In-Reply-To: References: <1783975.1769190197@warthog.procyon.org.uk> To: Coiby Xu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com, Mimi Zohar , Simo Sorce , Roberto Sassu , Dmitry Kasatkin , Eric Snowberg , Eric Biggers , linux-integrity@vger.kernel.org, linux-crypto@vger.kernel.org, keyrings@vger.kernel.org, linux-modules@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Subject: Re: IMA and PQC Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-modules@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-ID: <2265996.1769782221.1@warthog.procyon.org.uk> Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2026 14:10:21 +0000 Message-ID: <2265997.1769782221@warthog.procyon.org.uk> X-Scanned-By: MIMEDefang 3.0 on 10.30.177.12 Coiby Xu wrote: > Take latest fresh CentOS Stream 10 x86_64 KVM guest as example, without any > file system optimization, extra ~189MB disk space is needed if all files in > /usr signed using by ML-DSA-65 where the disk size is 50G. Is that storing raw signatures rather than PKCS#7 wrapped signatures? David