From: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
To: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>,
patches@lists.linux.dev,
Kashyap Desai <kashyap.desai@broadcom.com>,
Shivasharan S <shivasharan.srikanteshwara@broadcom.com>,
"Martin K. Petersen" <martin.petersen@oracle.com>,
Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Subject: [PATCH 4.19 18/91] scsi: megaraid_sas: Load balance completions across all MSI-X
Date: Mon, 9 Oct 2023 15:05:50 +0200 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20231009130112.163149933@linuxfoundation.org> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20231009130111.518916887@linuxfoundation.org>
4.19-stable review patch. If anyone has any objections, please let me know.
------------------
From: Shivasharan S <shivasharan.srikanteshwara@broadcom.com>
[ Upstream commit 1d15d9098ad12b0021ac5a6b851f26d1ab021e5a ]
Driver will use "reply descriptor post queues" in round robin fashion when
the combined MSI-X mode is not enabled. With this IO completions are
distributed and load balanced across all the available reply descriptor
post queues equally.
This is enabled only if combined MSI-X mode is not enabled in firmware.
This improves performance and also fixes soft lockups.
When load balancing is enabled, IRQ affinity from driver needs to be
disabled.
Signed-off-by: Kashyap Desai <kashyap.desai@broadcom.com>
Signed-off-by: Shivasharan S <shivasharan.srikanteshwara@broadcom.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Stable-dep-of: 0b0747d507bf ("scsi: megaraid_sas: Fix deadlock on firmware crashdump")
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
---
drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas.h | 3 +++
drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas_base.c | 22 +++++++++++++++++----
drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas_fusion.c | 18 +++++++++++++----
3 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas.h b/drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas.h
index 67d356d847176..80ae48b65b608 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas.h
+++ b/drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas.h
@@ -2193,6 +2193,7 @@ struct megasas_instance {
u32 secure_jbod_support;
u32 support_morethan256jbod; /* FW support for more than 256 PD/JBOD */
bool use_seqnum_jbod_fp; /* Added for PD sequence */
+ bool smp_affinity_enable;
spinlock_t crashdump_lock;
struct megasas_register_set __iomem *reg_set;
@@ -2210,6 +2211,7 @@ struct megasas_instance {
u16 ldio_threshold;
u16 cur_can_queue;
u32 max_sectors_per_req;
+ bool msix_load_balance;
struct megasas_aen_event *ev;
struct megasas_cmd **cmd_list;
@@ -2246,6 +2248,7 @@ struct megasas_instance {
atomic_t sge_holes_type1;
atomic_t sge_holes_type2;
atomic_t sge_holes_type3;
+ atomic64_t total_io_count;
struct megasas_instance_template *instancet;
struct tasklet_struct isr_tasklet;
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas_base.c b/drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas_base.c
index 8d1df03386b4f..2b6b6d3deba86 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas_base.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas_base.c
@@ -5101,6 +5101,7 @@ megasas_setup_irqs_msix(struct megasas_instance *instance, u8 is_probe)
&instance->irq_context[j]);
/* Retry irq register for IO_APIC*/
instance->msix_vectors = 0;
+ instance->msix_load_balance = false;
if (is_probe) {
pci_free_irq_vectors(instance->pdev);
return megasas_setup_irqs_ioapic(instance);
@@ -5109,6 +5110,7 @@ megasas_setup_irqs_msix(struct megasas_instance *instance, u8 is_probe)
}
}
}
+
return 0;
}
@@ -5364,6 +5366,12 @@ static int megasas_init_fw(struct megasas_instance *instance)
if (rdpq_enable)
instance->is_rdpq = (scratch_pad_2 & MR_RDPQ_MODE_OFFSET) ?
1 : 0;
+
+ if (!instance->msix_combined) {
+ instance->msix_load_balance = true;
+ instance->smp_affinity_enable = false;
+ }
+
fw_msix_count = instance->msix_vectors;
/* Save 1-15 reply post index address to local memory
* Index 0 is already saved from reg offset
@@ -5382,17 +5390,20 @@ static int megasas_init_fw(struct megasas_instance *instance)
instance->msix_vectors);
} else /* MFI adapters */
instance->msix_vectors = 1;
+
/* Don't bother allocating more MSI-X vectors than cpus */
instance->msix_vectors = min(instance->msix_vectors,
(unsigned int)num_online_cpus());
- if (smp_affinity_enable)
+ if (instance->smp_affinity_enable)
irq_flags |= PCI_IRQ_AFFINITY;
i = pci_alloc_irq_vectors(instance->pdev, 1,
instance->msix_vectors, irq_flags);
- if (i > 0)
+ if (i > 0) {
instance->msix_vectors = i;
- else
+ } else {
instance->msix_vectors = 0;
+ instance->msix_load_balance = false;
+ }
}
/*
* MSI-X host index 0 is common for all adapter.
@@ -6447,6 +6458,7 @@ static inline void megasas_init_ctrl_params(struct megasas_instance *instance)
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&instance->internal_reset_pending_q);
atomic_set(&instance->fw_outstanding, 0);
+ atomic64_set(&instance->total_io_count, 0);
init_waitqueue_head(&instance->int_cmd_wait_q);
init_waitqueue_head(&instance->abort_cmd_wait_q);
@@ -6469,6 +6481,8 @@ static inline void megasas_init_ctrl_params(struct megasas_instance *instance)
instance->last_time = 0;
instance->disableOnlineCtrlReset = 1;
instance->UnevenSpanSupport = 0;
+ instance->smp_affinity_enable = smp_affinity_enable ? true : false;
+ instance->msix_load_balance = false;
if (instance->adapter_type != MFI_SERIES) {
INIT_WORK(&instance->work_init, megasas_fusion_ocr_wq);
@@ -6818,7 +6832,7 @@ megasas_resume(struct pci_dev *pdev)
/* Now re-enable MSI-X */
if (instance->msix_vectors) {
irq_flags = PCI_IRQ_MSIX;
- if (smp_affinity_enable)
+ if (instance->smp_affinity_enable)
irq_flags |= PCI_IRQ_AFFINITY;
}
rval = pci_alloc_irq_vectors(instance->pdev, 1,
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas_fusion.c b/drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas_fusion.c
index b400167f9ad42..294e1a3a6adfa 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas_fusion.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas_fusion.c
@@ -2641,8 +2641,13 @@ megasas_build_ldio_fusion(struct megasas_instance *instance,
fp_possible = (io_info.fpOkForIo > 0) ? true : false;
}
- cmd->request_desc->SCSIIO.MSIxIndex =
- instance->reply_map[raw_smp_processor_id()];
+ if (instance->msix_load_balance)
+ cmd->request_desc->SCSIIO.MSIxIndex =
+ (mega_mod64(atomic64_add_return(1, &instance->total_io_count),
+ instance->msix_vectors));
+ else
+ cmd->request_desc->SCSIIO.MSIxIndex =
+ instance->reply_map[raw_smp_processor_id()];
praid_context = &io_request->RaidContext;
@@ -2969,8 +2974,13 @@ megasas_build_syspd_fusion(struct megasas_instance *instance,
cmd->request_desc->SCSIIO.DevHandle = io_request->DevHandle;
- cmd->request_desc->SCSIIO.MSIxIndex =
- instance->reply_map[raw_smp_processor_id()];
+ if (instance->msix_load_balance)
+ cmd->request_desc->SCSIIO.MSIxIndex =
+ (mega_mod64(atomic64_add_return(1, &instance->total_io_count),
+ instance->msix_vectors));
+ else
+ cmd->request_desc->SCSIIO.MSIxIndex =
+ instance->reply_map[raw_smp_processor_id()];
if (!fp_possible) {
/* system pd firmware path */
--
2.40.1
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2023-10-09 13:50 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 101+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2023-10-09 13:05 [PATCH 4.19 00/91] 4.19.296-rc1 review Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 01/91] NFS/pNFS: Report EINVAL errors from connect() to the server Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 02/91] ata: ahci: Drop pointless VPRINTK() calls and convert the remaining ones Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 03/91] ata: libahci: clear pending interrupt status Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 04/91] netfilter: nf_tables: disallow element removal on anonymous sets Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 05/91] selftests/tls: Add {} to avoid static checker warning Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 06/91] selftests: tls: swap the TX and RX sockets in some tests Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 07/91] ipv4: fix null-deref in ipv4_link_failure Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 08/91] powerpc/perf/hv-24x7: Update domain value check Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 09/91] net: hns3: add 5ms delay before clear firmware reset irq source Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 10/91] net: add atomic_long_t to net_device_stats fields Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 11/91] net: bridge: use DEV_STATS_INC() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 12/91] team: fix null-ptr-deref when team device type is changed Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 13/91] gpio: tb10x: Fix an error handling path in tb10x_gpio_probe() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 14/91] i2c: mux: demux-pinctrl: check the return value of devm_kstrdup() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 15/91] Input: i8042 - add quirk for TUXEDO Gemini 17 Gen1/Clevo PD70PN Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 16/91] scsi: qla2xxx: Add protection mask module parameters Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 17/91] scsi: qla2xxx: Remove unsupported ql2xenabledif option Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman [this message]
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 19/91] scsi: megaraid_sas: Fix deadlock on firmware crashdump Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 20/91] ext4: remove the group parameter of ext4_trim_extent Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 21/91] ext4: add new helper interface ext4_try_to_trim_range() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 22/91] ext4: scope ret locally in ext4_try_to_trim_range() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 23/91] ext4: change s_last_trim_minblks type to unsigned long Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 24/91] ext4: mark group as trimmed only if it was fully scanned Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 25/91] ext4: replace the traditional ternary conditional operator with with max()/min() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 26/91] ext4: move setting of trimmed bit into ext4_try_to_trim_range() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:05 ` [PATCH 4.19 27/91] ext4: do not let fstrim block system suspend Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 28/91] MIPS: Alchemy: only build mmc support helpers if au1xmmc is enabled Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 29/91] clk: tegra: fix error return case for recalc_rate Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 30/91] ARM: dts: ti: omap: motorola-mapphone: Fix abe_clkctrl warning on boot Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 31/91] gpio: pmic-eic-sprd: Add can_sleep flag for PMIC EIC chip Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 32/91] parisc: sba: Fix compile warning wrt list of SBA devices Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 33/91] parisc: iosapic.c: Fix sparse warnings Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 34/91] parisc: drivers: Fix sparse warning Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 35/91] parisc: irq: Make irq_stack_union static to avoid " Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 36/91] selftests/ftrace: Correctly enable event in instance-event.tc Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 37/91] ring-buffer: Avoid softlockup in ring_buffer_resize() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 38/91] ata: libata-eh: do not clear ATA_PFLAG_EH_PENDING in ata_eh_reset() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 39/91] bpf: Clarify error expectations from bpf_clone_redirect Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 40/91] fbdev/sh7760fb: Depend on FB=y Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 41/91] nvme-pci: do not set the NUMA node of device if it has none Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 42/91] watchdog: iTCO_wdt: No need to stop the timer in probe Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 43/91] watchdog: iTCO_wdt: Set NO_REBOOT if the watchdog is not already running Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 44/91] net: Fix unwanted sign extension in netdev_stats_to_stats64() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 45/91] scsi: megaraid_sas: Enable msix_load_balance for Invader and later controllers Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 46/91] Smack:- Use overlay inode label in smack_inode_copy_up() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 47/91] smack: Retrieve transmuting information in smack_inode_getsecurity() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 48/91] smack: Record transmuting in smk_transmuted Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 49/91] serial: 8250_port: Check IRQ data before use Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 50/91] nilfs2: fix potential use after free in nilfs_gccache_submit_read_data() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 51/91] ALSA: hda: Disable power save for solving pop issue on Lenovo ThinkCentre M70q Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 52/91] ata: libata-scsi: ignore reserved bits for REPORT SUPPORTED OPERATION CODES Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 53/91] i2c: i801: unregister tco_pdev in i801_probe() error path Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 54/91] btrfs: properly report 0 avail for very full file systems Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 55/91] net: thunderbolt: Fix TCPv6 GSO checksum calculation Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 56/91] ata: libata-core: Fix ata_port_request_pm() locking Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 57/91] ata: libata-core: Fix port and device removal Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 58/91] ata: libata-core: Do not register PM operations for SAS ports Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 59/91] ata: libata-sata: increase PMP SRST timeout to 10s Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 60/91] fs: binfmt_elf_efpic: fix personality for ELF-FDPIC Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 61/91] ext4: fix rec_len verify error Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 62/91] ata: libata: disallow dev-initiated LPM transitions to unsupported states Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 63/91] Revert "drivers core: Use sysfs_emit and sysfs_emit_at for show(device *...) functions" Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 64/91] media: dvb: symbol fixup for dvb_attach() - again Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 65/91] Revert "PCI: qcom: Disable write access to read only registers for IP v2.3.3" Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 66/91] scsi: zfcp: Fix a double put in zfcp_port_enqueue() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 67/91] qed/red_ll2: Fix undefined behavior bug in struct qed_ll2_info Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 68/91] wifi: mwifiex: Fix tlv_buf_left calculation Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 69/91] net: replace calls to sock->ops->connect() with kernel_connect() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 70/91] btrfs: reject unknown mount options early Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-10 8:53 ` Qu Wenruo
2023-10-10 11:27 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-10 12:59 ` David Sterba
2023-10-10 15:25 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 71/91] ubi: Refuse attaching if mtds erasesize is 0 Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 72/91] wifi: mwifiex: Fix oob check condition in mwifiex_process_rx_packet Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 73/91] drivers/net: process the result of hdlc_open() and add call of hdlc_close() in uhdlc_close() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 74/91] regmap: rbtree: Fix wrong register marked as in-cache when creating new node Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 75/91] scsi: target: core: Fix deadlock due to recursive locking Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 76/91] modpost: add missing else to the "of" check Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 77/91] ipv4, ipv6: Fix handling of transhdrlen in __ip{,6}_append_data() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 78/91] net: usb: smsc75xx: Fix uninit-value access in __smsc75xx_read_reg Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 79/91] net: stmmac: dwmac-stm32: fix resume on STM32 MCU Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 80/91] tcp: fix quick-ack counting to count actual ACKs of new data Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 81/91] tcp: fix delayed ACKs for MSS boundary condition Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 82/91] sctp: update transport state when processing a dupcook packet Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 83/91] sctp: update hb timer immediately after users change hb_interval Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 84/91] cpupower: add Makefile dependencies for install targets Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 85/91] IB/mlx4: Fix the size of a buffer in add_port_entries() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 86/91] gpio: aspeed: fix the GPIO number passed to pinctrl_gpio_set_config() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:06 ` [PATCH 4.19 87/91] gpio: pxa: disable pinctrl calls for MMP_GPIO Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:07 ` [PATCH 4.19 88/91] RDMA/cma: Fix truncation compilation warning in make_cma_ports Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:07 ` [PATCH 4.19 89/91] RDMA/mlx5: Fix NULL string error Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:07 ` [PATCH 4.19 90/91] parisc: Restore __ldcw_align for PA-RISC 2.0 processors Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 13:07 ` [PATCH 4.19 91/91] dccp: fix dccp_v4_err()/dccp_v6_err() again Greg Kroah-Hartman
2023-10-09 23:03 ` [PATCH 4.19 00/91] 4.19.296-rc1 review Shuah Khan
2023-10-10 9:57 ` Jon Hunter
2023-10-10 9:57 ` Jon Hunter
2023-10-10 18:17 ` Guenter Roeck
2023-10-11 1:30 ` Naresh Kamboju
Reply instructions:
You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:
* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
and reply-to-all from there: mbox
Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style
* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
switches of git-send-email(1):
git send-email \
--in-reply-to=20231009130112.163149933@linuxfoundation.org \
--to=gregkh@linuxfoundation.org \
--cc=kashyap.desai@broadcom.com \
--cc=martin.petersen@oracle.com \
--cc=patches@lists.linux.dev \
--cc=sashal@kernel.org \
--cc=shivasharan.srikanteshwara@broadcom.com \
--cc=stable@vger.kernel.org \
/path/to/YOUR_REPLY
https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html
* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line
before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox