[PATCH 6.18 109/175] btrfs: reject new transactions if the fs is fully read-only

Greg Kroah-Hartman
2026-02-09T14:31:10Z

From: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com>

[ Upstream commit 1972f44c189c8aacde308fa9284e474c1a5cbd9f ]

[BUG]
There is a bug report where a heavily fuzzed fs is mounted with all
rescue mount options, which leads to the following warnings during
unmount:

BTRFS: Transaction aborted (error -22)
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 9758 Comm: repro.out Not tainted
6.19.0-rc5-00002-gb71e635feefc #7 PREEMPT(full)
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014
RIP: 0010:find_free_extent_update_loop fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c:4208 [inline]
RIP: 0010:find_free_extent+0x52f0/0x5d20 fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c:4611
Call Trace:
<TASK>
btrfs_reserve_extent+0x2cd/0x790 fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c:4705
btrfs_alloc_tree_block+0x1e1/0x10e0 fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c:5157
btrfs_force_cow_block+0x578/0x2410 fs/btrfs/ctree.c:517
btrfs_cow_block+0x3c4/0xa80 fs/btrfs/ctree.c:708
btrfs_search_slot+0xcad/0x2b50 fs/btrfs/ctree.c:2130
btrfs_truncate_inode_items+0x45d/0x2350 fs/btrfs/inode-item.c:499
btrfs_evict_inode+0x923/0xe70 fs/btrfs/inode.c:5628
evict+0x5f4/0xae0 fs/inode.c:837
__dentry_kill+0x209/0x660 fs/dcache.c:670
finish_dput+0xc9/0x480 fs/dcache.c:879
shrink_dcache_for_umount+0xa0/0x170 fs/dcache.c:1661
generic_shutdown_super+0x67/0x2c0 fs/super.c:621
kill_anon_super+0x3b/0x70 fs/super.c:1289
btrfs_kill_super+0x41/0x50 fs/btrfs/super.c:2127
deactivate_locked_super+0xbc/0x130 fs/super.c:474
cleanup_mnt+0x425/0x4c0 fs/namespace.c:1318
task_work_run+0x1d4/0x260 kernel/task_work.c:233
exit_task_work include/linux/task_work.h:40 [inline]
do_exit+0x694/0x22f0 kernel/exit.c:971
do_group_exit+0x21c/0x2d0 kernel/exit.c:1112
__do_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1123 [inline]
__se_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1121 [inline]
__x64_sys_exit_group+0x3f/0x40 kernel/exit.c:1121
x64_sys_call+0x2210/0x2210 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:232
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0xe8/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x44f639
Code: Unable to access opcode bytes at 0x44f60f.
RSP: 002b:00007ffc15c4e088 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000e7
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00000000004c32f0 RCX: 000000000044f639
RDX: 000000000000003c RSI: 00000000000000e7 RDI: 0000000000000001
RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: ffffffffffffffc0 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00000000004c32f0
R13: 0000000000000001 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000001
</TASK>

Since rescue mount options will mark the full fs read-only, there should
be no new transaction triggered.

But during unmount we will evict all inodes, which can trigger a new
transaction, and triggers warnings on a heavily corrupted fs.

[CAUSE]
Btrfs allows new transaction even on a read-only fs, this is to allow
log replay happen even on read-only mounts, just like what ext4/xfs do.

However with rescue mount options, the fs is fully read-only and cannot
be remounted read-write, thus in that case we should also reject any new
transactions.

[FIX]
If we find the fs has rescue mount options, we should treat the fs as
error, so that no new transaction can be started.

Reported-by: Jiaming Zhang <r772577952@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-btrfs/CANypQFYw8Nt8stgbhoycFojOoUmt+BoZ-z8WJOZVxcogDdwm=Q@mail.gmail.com/
Reviewed-by: Boris Burkov <boris@bur.io>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
---
fs/btrfs/disk-io.c | 13 +++++++++++++
fs/btrfs/fs.h | 8 ++++++++
2 files changed, 21 insertions(+)

diff --git a/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c b/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c
index 19d8c8fc45951..745ae698bbc8a 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c
@@ -3248,6 +3248,15 @@ int btrfs_check_features(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, bool is_rw_mount)
return 0;
}

+static bool fs_is_full_ro(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
+{
+ if (!sb_rdonly(fs_info->sb))
+ return false;
+ if (unlikely(fs_info->mount_opt & BTRFS_MOUNT_FULL_RO_MASK))
+ return true;
+ return false;
+}
+
int __cold open_ctree(struct super_block *sb, struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_devices)
{
u32 sectorsize;
@@ -3356,6 +3365,10 @@ int __cold open_ctree(struct super_block *sb, struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_device
if (btrfs_super_flags(disk_super) & BTRFS_SUPER_FLAG_ERROR)
WRITE_ONCE(fs_info->fs_error, -EUCLEAN);

+ /* If the fs has any rescue options, no transaction is allowed. */
+ if (fs_is_full_ro(fs_info))
+ WRITE_ONCE(fs_info->fs_error, -EROFS);
+
/* Set up fs_info before parsing mount options */
nodesize = btrfs_super_nodesize(disk_super);
sectorsize = btrfs_super_sectorsize(disk_super);
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/fs.h b/fs/btrfs/fs.h
index 814bbc9417d2a..37aa8d141a83d 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/fs.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/fs.h
@@ -250,6 +250,14 @@ enum {
BTRFS_MOUNT_REF_TRACKER = (1ULL << 33),
};

+/* These mount options require a full read-only fs, no new transaction is allowed. */
+#define BTRFS_MOUNT_FULL_RO_MASK \
+ (BTRFS_MOUNT_NOLOGREPLAY | \
+ BTRFS_MOUNT_IGNOREBADROOTS | \
+ BTRFS_MOUNT_IGNOREDATACSUMS | \
+ BTRFS_MOUNT_IGNOREMETACSUMS | \
+ BTRFS_MOUNT_IGNORESUPERFLAGS)
+
/*
* Compat flags that we support. If any incompat flags are set other than the
* ones specified below then we will fail to mount
--
2.51.0