[PATCH 6.18 27/49] driver core: enforce device_lock for driver_match_device()

Greg Kroah-Hartman
2026-02-13T13:53:18Z

From: Gui-Dong Han <hanguidong02@gmail.com>

commit dc23806a7c47ec5f1293aba407fb69519f976ee0 upstream.

Currently, driver_match_device() is called from three sites. One site
(__device_attach_driver) holds device_lock(dev), but the other two
(bind_store and __driver_attach) do not. This inconsistency means that
bus match() callbacks are not guaranteed to be called with the lock
held.

Fix this by introducing driver_match_device_locked(), which guarantees
holding the device lock using a scoped guard. Replace the unlocked calls
in bind_store() and __driver_attach() with this new helper. Also add a
lock assertion to driver_match_device() to enforce this guarantee.

This consistency also fixes a known race condition. The driver_override
implementation relies on the device_lock, so the missing lock led to the
use-after-free (UAF) reported in Bugzilla for buses using this field.

Stress testing the two newly locked paths for 24 hours with
CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING and CONFIG_LOCKDEP enabled showed no UAF recurrence
and no lockdep warnings.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Closes: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=220789
Suggested-by: Qiu-ji Chen <chenqiuji666@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Gui-Dong Han <hanguidong02@gmail.com>
Fixes: 49b420a13ff9 ("driver core: check bus->match without holding device lock")
Reviewed-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Rafael J. Wysocki (Intel) <rafael@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260113162843.12712-1-hanguidong02@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
---
drivers/base/base.h | 9 +++++++++
drivers/base/bus.c | 2 +-
drivers/base/dd.c | 2 +-
3 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

--- a/drivers/base/base.h
+++ b/drivers/base/base.h
@@ -166,9 +166,18 @@ void device_set_deferred_probe_reason(co
static inline int driver_match_device(const struct device_driver *drv,
struct device *dev)
{
+ device_lock_assert(dev);
+
return drv->bus->match ? drv->bus->match(dev, drv) : 1;
}

+static inline int driver_match_device_locked(const struct device_driver *drv,
+ struct device *dev)
+{
+ guard(device)(dev);
+ return driver_match_device(drv, dev);
+}
+
static inline void dev_sync_state(struct device *dev)
{
if (dev->bus->sync_state)
--- a/drivers/base/bus.c
+++ b/drivers/base/bus.c
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ static ssize_t bind_store(struct device_
int err = -ENODEV;

dev = bus_find_device_by_name(bus, NULL, buf);
- if (dev && driver_match_device(drv, dev)) {
+ if (dev && driver_match_device_locked(drv, dev)) {
err = device_driver_attach(drv, dev);
if (!err) {
/* success */
--- a/drivers/base/dd.c
+++ b/drivers/base/dd.c
@@ -1170,7 +1170,7 @@ static int __driver_attach(struct device
* is an error.
*/

- ret = driver_match_device(drv, dev);
+ ret = driver_match_device_locked(drv, dev);
if (ret == 0) {
/* no match */
return 0;