[PATCH 5.15 042/164] powerpc/eeh: fix recursive pci_lock_rescan_remove locking in EEH event handling

Sasha Levin
2026-02-28T18:15:41Z

From: Narayana Murty N <nnmlinux@linux.ibm.com>

[ Upstream commit 815a8d2feb5615ae7f0b5befd206af0b0160614c ]

The recent commit 1010b4c012b0 ("powerpc/eeh: Make EEH driver device
hotplug safe") restructured the EEH driver to improve synchronization
with the PCI hotplug layer.

However, it inadvertently moved pci_lock_rescan_remove() outside its
intended scope in eeh_handle_normal_event(), leading to broken PCI
error reporting and improper EEH event triggering. Specifically,
eeh_handle_normal_event() acquired pci_lock_rescan_remove() before
calling eeh_pe_bus_get(), but eeh_pe_bus_get() itself attempts to
acquire the same lock internally, causing nested locking and disrupting
normal EEH event handling paths.

This patch adds a boolean parameter do_lock to _eeh_pe_bus_get(),
with two public wrappers:
eeh_pe_bus_get() with locking enabled.
eeh_pe_bus_get_nolock() that skips locking.

Callers that already hold pci_lock_rescan_remove() now use
eeh_pe_bus_get_nolock() to avoid recursive lock acquisition.

Additionally, pci_lock_rescan_remove() calls are restored to the correct
position—after eeh_pe_bus_get() and immediately before iterating affected
PEs and devices. This ensures EEH-triggered PCI removes occur under proper
bus rescan locking without recursive lock contention.

The eeh_pe_loc_get() function has been split into two functions:
eeh_pe_loc_get(struct eeh_pe *pe) which retrieves the loc for given PE.
eeh_pe_loc_get_bus(struct pci_bus *bus) which retrieves the location
code for given bus.

This resolves lockdep warnings such as:
<snip>
[ 84.964298] [ T928] ============================================
[ 84.964304] [ T928] WARNING: possible recursive locking detected
[ 84.964311] [ T928] 6.18.0-rc3 #51 Not tainted
[ 84.964315] [ T928] --------------------------------------------
[ 84.964320] [ T928] eehd/928 is trying to acquire lock:
[ 84.964324] [ T928] c000000003b29d58 (pci_rescan_remove_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: pci_lock_rescan_remove+0x28/0x40
[ 84.964342] [ T928]
but task is already holding lock:
[ 84.964347] [ T928] c000000003b29d58 (pci_rescan_remove_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: pci_lock_rescan_remove+0x28/0x40
[ 84.964357] [ T928]
other info that might help us debug this:
[ 84.964363] [ T928] Possible unsafe locking scenario:

[ 84.964367] [ T928] CPU0
[ 84.964370] [ T928] ----
[ 84.964373] [ T928] lock(pci_rescan_remove_lock);
[ 84.964378] [ T928] lock(pci_rescan_remove_lock);
[ 84.964383] [ T928]
*** DEADLOCK ***

[ 84.964388] [ T928] May be due to missing lock nesting notation

[ 84.964393] [ T928] 1 lock held by eehd/928:
[ 84.964397] [ T928] #0: c000000003b29d58 (pci_rescan_remove_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: pci_lock_rescan_remove+0x28/0x40
[ 84.964408] [ T928]
stack backtrace:
[ 84.964414] [ T928] CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 928 Comm: eehd Not tainted 6.18.0-rc3 #51 VOLUNTARY
[ 84.964417] [ T928] Hardware name: IBM,9080-HEX POWER10 (architected) 0x800200 0xf000006 of:IBM,FW1060.00 (NH1060_022) hv:phyp pSeries
[ 84.964419] [ T928] Call Trace:
[ 84.964420] [ T928] [c0000011a7157990] [c000000001705de4] dump_stack_lvl+0xc8/0x130 (unreliable)
[ 84.964424] [ T928] [c0000011a71579d0] [c0000000002f66e0] print_deadlock_bug+0x430/0x440
[ 84.964428] [ T928] [c0000011a7157a70] [c0000000002fd0c0] __lock_acquire+0x1530/0x2d80
[ 84.964431] [ T928] [c0000011a7157ba0] [c0000000002fea54] lock_acquire+0x144/0x410
[ 84.964433] [ T928] [c0000011a7157cb0] [c0000011a7157cb0] __mutex_lock+0xf4/0x1050
[ 84.964436] [ T928] [c0000011a7157e00] [c000000000de21d8] pci_lock_rescan_remove+0x28/0x40
[ 84.964439] [ T928] [c0000011a7157e20] [c00000000004ed98] eeh_pe_bus_get+0x48/0xc0
[ 84.964442] [ T928] [c0000011a7157e50] [c000000000050434] eeh_handle_normal_event+0x64/0xa60
[ 84.964446] [ T928] [c0000011a7157f30] [c000000000051de8] eeh_event_handler+0xf8/0x190
[ 84.964450] [ T928] [c0000011a7157f90] [c0000000002747ac] kthread+0x16c/0x180
[ 84.964453] [ T928] [c0000011a7157fe0] [c00000000000ded8] start_kernel_thread+0x14/0x18
</snip>

Fixes: 1010b4c012b0 ("powerpc/eeh: Make EEH driver device hotplug safe")
Signed-off-by: Narayana Murty N <nnmlinux@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Sourabh Jain <sourabhjain@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Mahesh Salgaonkar <mahesh@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251210142559.8874-1-nnmlinux@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
---
arch/powerpc/include/asm/eeh.h | 2 +
arch/powerpc/kernel/eeh_driver.c | 11 ++---
arch/powerpc/kernel/eeh_pe.c | 74 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
3 files changed, 78 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/eeh.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/eeh.h
index b1a5bba2e0b94..2c9dc733accfd 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/eeh.h
+++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/eeh.h
@@ -289,6 +289,8 @@ void eeh_pe_dev_traverse(struct eeh_pe *root,
void eeh_pe_restore_bars(struct eeh_pe *pe);
const char *eeh_pe_loc_get(struct eeh_pe *pe);
struct pci_bus *eeh_pe_bus_get(struct eeh_pe *pe);
+const char *eeh_pe_loc_get_bus(struct pci_bus *bus);
+struct pci_bus *eeh_pe_bus_get_nolock(struct eeh_pe *pe);

void eeh_show_enabled(void);
int __init eeh_init(struct eeh_ops *ops);
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/eeh_driver.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/eeh_driver.c
index 2f13d906e1fcb..20106e490b9c6 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/eeh_driver.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/eeh_driver.c
@@ -847,7 +847,7 @@ void eeh_handle_normal_event(struct eeh_pe *pe)

pci_lock_rescan_remove();

- bus = eeh_pe_bus_get(pe);
+ bus = eeh_pe_bus_get_nolock(pe);
if (!bus) {
pr_err("%s: Cannot find PCI bus for PHB#%x-PE#%x\n",
__func__, pe->phb->global_number, pe->addr);
@@ -878,14 +878,15 @@ void eeh_handle_normal_event(struct eeh_pe *pe)
/* Log the event */
if (pe->type & EEH_PE_PHB) {
pr_err("EEH: Recovering PHB#%x, location: %s\n",
- pe->phb->global_number, eeh_pe_loc_get(pe));
+ pe->phb->global_number, eeh_pe_loc_get_bus(bus));
} else {
struct eeh_pe *phb_pe = eeh_phb_pe_get(pe->phb);

pr_err("EEH: Recovering PHB#%x-PE#%x\n",
pe->phb->global_number, pe->addr);
pr_err("EEH: PE location: %s, PHB location: %s\n",
- eeh_pe_loc_get(pe), eeh_pe_loc_get(phb_pe));
+ eeh_pe_loc_get_bus(bus),
+ eeh_pe_loc_get_bus(eeh_pe_bus_get_nolock(phb_pe)));
}

#ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
@@ -1093,7 +1094,7 @@ void eeh_handle_normal_event(struct eeh_pe *pe)
eeh_pe_state_clear(pe, EEH_PE_PRI_BUS, true);
eeh_pe_dev_mode_mark(pe, EEH_DEV_REMOVED);

- bus = eeh_pe_bus_get(pe);
+ bus = eeh_pe_bus_get_nolock(pe);
if (bus)
pci_hp_remove_devices(bus);
else
@@ -1217,7 +1218,7 @@ void eeh_handle_special_event(void)
(phb_pe->state & EEH_PE_RECOVERING))
continue;

- bus = eeh_pe_bus_get(phb_pe);
+ bus = eeh_pe_bus_get_nolock(phb_pe);
if (!bus) {
pr_err("%s: Cannot find PCI bus for "
"PHB#%x-PE#%x\n",
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/eeh_pe.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/eeh_pe.c
index fea58e9546f98..6f69242142e0d 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/eeh_pe.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/eeh_pe.c
@@ -811,6 +811,24 @@ void eeh_pe_restore_bars(struct eeh_pe *pe)
const char *eeh_pe_loc_get(struct eeh_pe *pe)
{
struct pci_bus *bus = eeh_pe_bus_get(pe);
+ return eeh_pe_loc_get_bus(bus);
+}
+
+/**
+ * eeh_pe_loc_get_bus - Retrieve location code binding to the given PCI bus
+ * @bus: PCI bus
+ *
+ * Retrieve the location code associated with the given PCI bus. If the bus
+ * is a root bus, the location code is fetched from the PHB device tree node
+ * or root port. Otherwise, the location code is obtained from the device
+ * tree node of the upstream bridge of the bus. The function walks up the
+ * bus hierarchy if necessary, checking each node for the appropriate
+ * location code property ("ibm,io-base-loc-code" for root buses,
+ * "ibm,slot-location-code" for others). If no location code is found,
+ * returns "N/A".
+ */
+const char *eeh_pe_loc_get_bus(struct pci_bus *bus)
+{
struct device_node *dn;
const char *loc = NULL;

@@ -837,8 +855,9 @@ const char *eeh_pe_loc_get(struct eeh_pe *pe)
}

/**
- * eeh_pe_bus_get - Retrieve PCI bus according to the given PE
+ * _eeh_pe_bus_get - Retrieve PCI bus according to the given PE
* @pe: EEH PE
+ * @do_lock: Is the caller already held the pci_lock_rescan_remove?
*
* Retrieve the PCI bus according to the given PE. Basically,
* there're 3 types of PEs: PHB/Bus/Device. For PHB PE, the
@@ -846,7 +865,7 @@ const char *eeh_pe_loc_get(struct eeh_pe *pe)
* returned for BUS PE. However, we don't have associated PCI
* bus for DEVICE PE.
*/
-struct pci_bus *eeh_pe_bus_get(struct eeh_pe *pe)
+static struct pci_bus *_eeh_pe_bus_get(struct eeh_pe *pe, bool do_lock)
{
struct eeh_dev *edev;
struct pci_dev *pdev;
@@ -861,11 +880,58 @@ struct pci_bus *eeh_pe_bus_get(struct eeh_pe *pe)

/* Retrieve the parent PCI bus of first (top) PCI device */
edev = list_first_entry_or_null(&pe->edevs, struct eeh_dev, entry);
- pci_lock_rescan_remove();
+ if (do_lock)
+ pci_lock_rescan_remove();
pdev = eeh_dev_to_pci_dev(edev);
if (pdev)
bus = pdev->bus;
- pci_unlock_rescan_remove();
+ if (do_lock)
+ pci_unlock_rescan_remove();

return bus;
}
+
+/**
+ * eeh_pe_bus_get - Retrieve PCI bus associated with the given EEH PE, locking
+ * if needed
+ * @pe: Pointer to the EEH PE
+ *
+ * This function is a wrapper around _eeh_pe_bus_get(), which retrieves the PCI
+ * bus associated with the provided EEH PE structure. It acquires the PCI
+ * rescans lock to ensure safe access to shared data during the retrieval
+ * process. This function should be used when the caller requires the PCI bus
+ * while holding the rescan/remove lock, typically during operations that modify
+ * or inspect PCIe device state in a safe manner.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * A pointer to the PCI bus associated with the EEH PE, or NULL if none found.
+ */
+
+struct pci_bus *eeh_pe_bus_get(struct eeh_pe *pe)
+{
+ return _eeh_pe_bus_get(pe, true);
+}
+
+/**
+ * eeh_pe_bus_get_nolock - Retrieve PCI bus associated with the given EEH PE
+ * without locking
+ * @pe: Pointer to the EEH PE
+ *
+ * This function is a variant of _eeh_pe_bus_get() that retrieves the PCI bus
+ * associated with the specified EEH PE without acquiring the
+ * pci_lock_rescan_remove lock. It should only be used when the caller can
+ * guarantee safe access to PE structures without the need for that lock,
+ * typically in contexts where the lock is already held locking is otherwise
+ * managed.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * pointer to the PCI bus associated with the EEH PE, or NULL if none is found.
+ *
+ * NOTE:
+ * Use this function carefully to avoid race conditions and data corruption.
+ */
+
+struct pci_bus *eeh_pe_bus_get_nolock(struct eeh_pe *pe)
+{
+ return _eeh_pe_bus_get(pe, false);
+}
--
2.51.0