[PATCH 6.18 114/333] rust_binder: fix oneway spam detection

Greg Kroah-Hartman
2026-03-17T17:12:47Z

From: Carlos Llamas <cmllamas@google.com>

commit 4fc87c240b8f30e22b7ebaae29d57105589e1c0b upstream.

The spam detection logic in TreeRange was executed before the current
request was inserted into the tree. So the new request was not being
factored in the spam calculation. Fix this by moving the logic after
the new range has been inserted.

Also, the detection logic for ArrayRange was missing altogether which
meant large spamming transactions could get away without being detected.
Fix this by implementing an equivalent low_oneway_space() in ArrayRange.

Note that I looked into centralizing this logic in RangeAllocator but
iterating through 'state' and 'size' got a bit too complicated (for me)
and I abandoned this effort.

Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Cc: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Fixes: eafedbc7c050 ("rust_binder: add Rust Binder driver")
Signed-off-by: Carlos Llamas <cmllamas@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260210232949.3770644-1-cmllamas@google.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
---
drivers/android/binder/range_alloc/array.rs | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
drivers/android/binder/range_alloc/mod.rs | 4 +--
drivers/android/binder/range_alloc/tree.rs | 18 +++++++-------
3 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

--- a/drivers/android/binder/range_alloc/array.rs
+++ b/drivers/android/binder/range_alloc/array.rs
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ impl<T> ArrayRangeAllocator<T> {
size: usize,
is_oneway: bool,
pid: Pid,
- ) -> Result<usize> {
+ ) -> Result<(usize, bool)> {
// Compute new value of free_oneway_space, which is set only on success.
let new_oneway_space = if is_oneway {
match self.free_oneway_space.checked_sub(size) {
@@ -146,7 +146,38 @@ impl<T> ArrayRangeAllocator<T> {
.ok()
.unwrap();

- Ok(insert_at_offset)
+ // Start detecting spammers once we have less than 20%
+ // of async space left (which is less than 10% of total
+ // buffer size).
+ //
+ // (This will short-circuit, so `low_oneway_space` is
+ // only called when necessary.)
+ let oneway_spam_detected =
+ is_oneway && new_oneway_space < self.size / 10 && self.low_oneway_space(pid);
+
+ Ok((insert_at_offset, oneway_spam_detected))
+ }
+
+ /// Find the amount and size of buffers allocated by the current caller.
+ ///
+ /// The idea is that once we cross the threshold, whoever is responsible
+ /// for the low async space is likely to try to send another async transaction,
+ /// and at some point we'll catch them in the act. This is more efficient
+ /// than keeping a map per pid.
+ fn low_oneway_space(&self, calling_pid: Pid) -> bool {
+ let mut total_alloc_size = 0;
+ let mut num_buffers = 0;
+
+ // Warn if this pid has more than 50 transactions, or more than 50% of
+ // async space (which is 25% of total buffer size). Oneway spam is only
+ // detected when the threshold is exceeded.
+ for range in &self.ranges {
+ if range.state.is_oneway() && range.state.pid() == calling_pid {
+ total_alloc_size += range.size;
+ num_buffers += 1;
+ }
+ }
+ num_buffers > 50 || total_alloc_size > self.size / 4
}

pub(crate) fn reservation_abort(&mut self, offset: usize) -> Result<FreedRange> {
--- a/drivers/android/binder/range_alloc/mod.rs
+++ b/drivers/android/binder/range_alloc/mod.rs
@@ -188,11 +188,11 @@ impl<T> RangeAllocator<T> {
self.reserve_new(args)
}
Impl::Array(array) => {
- let offset =
+ let (offset, oneway_spam_detected) =
array.reserve_new(args.debug_id, args.size, args.is_oneway, args.pid)?;
Ok(ReserveNew::Success(ReserveNewSuccess {
offset,
- oneway_spam_detected: false,
+ oneway_spam_detected,
_empty_array_alloc: args.empty_array_alloc,
_new_tree_alloc: args.new_tree_alloc,
_tree_alloc: args.tree_alloc,
--- a/drivers/android/binder/range_alloc/tree.rs
+++ b/drivers/android/binder/range_alloc/tree.rs
@@ -164,15 +164,6 @@ impl<T> TreeRangeAllocator<T> {
self.free_oneway_space
};

- // Start detecting spammers once we have less than 20%
- // of async space left (which is less than 10% of total
- // buffer size).
- //
- // (This will short-circut, so `low_oneway_space` is
- // only called when necessary.)
- let oneway_spam_detected =
- is_oneway && new_oneway_space < self.size / 10 && self.low_oneway_space(pid);
-
let (found_size, found_off, tree_node, free_tree_node) = match self.find_best_match(size) {
None => {
pr_warn!("ENOSPC from range_alloc.reserve_new - size: {}", size);
@@ -203,6 +194,15 @@ impl<T> TreeRangeAllocator<T> {
self.free_tree.insert(free_tree_node);
}

+ // Start detecting spammers once we have less than 20%
+ // of async space left (which is less than 10% of total
+ // buffer size).
+ //
+ // (This will short-circuit, so `low_oneway_space` is
+ // only called when necessary.)
+ let oneway_spam_detected =
+ is_oneway && new_oneway_space < self.size / 10 && self.low_oneway_space(pid);
+
Ok((found_off, oneway_spam_detected))
}