LVM RAID1 syncing component

LVM RAID1 syncing component

[Joe Lawrence]

Does anyone know how its possible to determine which side of an LVM RAID 1 
is the stale partner during RAID resync?

In ordinary MD RAID, I believe you can check 
/sys/block/md0/md/dev-XXX/state, but LVM RAID seems to hide those files 
when leveraging the MD code.  I've looked though pvs/vgs/lvs manpages, but 
can't figure anything out there either.

Thanks,

-- Joe

Re: LVM RAID1 syncing component

[Chris Murphy]

On Mon, Nov 24, 2014 at 9:07 PM, Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@stratus.com> wrote:
> Does anyone know how its possible to determine which side of an LVM RAID 1
> is the stale partner during RAID resync?
>
> In ordinary MD RAID, I believe you can check
> /sys/block/md0/md/dev-XXX/state, but LVM RAID seems to hide those files
> when leveraging the MD code.  I've looked though pvs/vgs/lvs manpages, but
> can't figure anything out there either.

Rather indirectly: iotop which will show you which devices are mostly
being read from and written to.

# lvs -a -o copy_percent
Anything less than 100% is syncing. I think.

-- 
Chris Murphy

Re: LVM RAID1 syncing component

[Joe Lawrence]

On Tue, 25 Nov 2014 22:42:38 -0700
Chris Murphy <lists@colorremedies.com> wrote:

> On Mon, Nov 24, 2014 at 9:07 PM, Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@stratus.com> wrote:
> > Does anyone know how its possible to determine which side of an LVM RAID 1
> > is the stale partner during RAID resync?
> >
> > In ordinary MD RAID, I believe you can check
> > /sys/block/md0/md/dev-XXX/state, but LVM RAID seems to hide those files
> > when leveraging the MD code.  I've looked though pvs/vgs/lvs manpages, but
> > can't figure anything out there either.
> 
> Rather indirectly: iotop which will show you which devices are mostly
> being read from and written to.
> 
> # lvs -a -o copy_percent
> Anything less than 100% is syncing. I think.
> 

From the manpages I see the following attribute bits:

* lvs, lv_attr bit Volume Health: (p)artial
* vgs, vg_attr bit (p)artial: one or more physical volumes belonging
       to the volume group are missing from the system
* pvs, pv_attr bit (m)issing

along with the lvs copy_percent (is this similar to sync_percent) that
you mentioned.  That's about it.

Since there seems to be no real underlying MD device, I'm assuming that
ioctls are out of the question as well.

-- Joe

Re: LVM RAID1 syncing component

[NeilBrown]

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On Mon, 24 Nov 2014 23:07:32 -0500 Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@stratus.com>
wrote:

> Does anyone know how its possible to determine which side of an LVM RAID 1 
> is the stale partner during RAID resync?
> 
> In ordinary MD RAID, I believe you can check 
> /sys/block/md0/md/dev-XXX/state,

Why do you believe that?

During a resync (after an unclean shutdown) the devices are indistinguishable.
RAID1 reads all drives and if there is a difference it chooses one data block
to write to the others - always the one with the lowest index number.

So with md or LVM it is the same: first "first" is "copied" to the "second".

NeilBrown


>                                  but LVM RAID seems to hide those files 
> when leveraging the MD code.  I've looked though pvs/vgs/lvs manpages, but 
> can't figure anything out there either.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> -- Joe
> --
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Re: LVM RAID1 syncing component

[Peter Grandi]

[ ... ]

> During a resync (after an unclean shutdown) the devices are
> indistinguishable. RAID1 reads all drives and if there is a
> difference it chooses one data block to write to the others -
> always the one with the lowest index number.

Uhhhhh "indistinguishable" and "lowest index number"?

Shouldn't that be "lowest index number among those with the
highest event count"?

Put another way, couldn't it happen that in a 5-way RAID1 for
example an unclean shutdown results in 2 drives with the same
highest event count and 3 drives with lower event counts, and
then the data page to write is that from the one of the 2 with
the lowest index number and is written only to the 3 with the
lower event count?

Also, in case of an «unclean shutdown» resulting in all members
of a RAID1 set having the same event count, is the resync still
done?  Is it necessary? Or is «unclean shutdown» used here as an
alias for "not all event counts are the same".

I am asking as to what RAID1 actually does mostly, but also
perhaps as to what it ought to be doing.
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Re: LVM RAID1 syncing component

[NeilBrown]

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On Sat, 29 Nov 2014 15:26:52 +0000 pg@lxra2.for.sabi.co.UK (Peter Grandi)
wrote:

> [ ... ]
> 
> > During a resync (after an unclean shutdown) the devices are
> > indistinguishable. RAID1 reads all drives and if there is a
> > difference it chooses one data block to write to the others -
> > always the one with the lowest index number.
> 
> Uhhhhh "indistinguishable" and "lowest index number"?
> 
> Shouldn't that be "lowest index number among those with the
> highest event count"?
> 
> Put another way, couldn't it happen that in a 5-way RAID1 for
> example an unclean shutdown results in 2 drives with the same
> highest event count and 3 drives with lower event counts, and
> then the data page to write is that from the one of the 2 with
> the lowest index number and is written only to the 3 with the
> lower event count?
> 
> Also, in case of an «unclean shutdown» resulting in all members
> of a RAID1 set having the same event count, is the resync still
> done?  Is it necessary? Or is «unclean shutdown» used here as an
> alias for "not all event counts are the same".
> 
> I am asking as to what RAID1 actually does mostly, but also
> perhaps as to what it ought to be doing.

I've told you what it actually does.  I think that is what it ought to do.
If you think that maybe it ought to do something differently from what it
does, I suggest you try to come up with a specific scenario where what
actually happens is not optimal, and  give clear reasons for why you think
something else is optimal.

To be specific, after an unclean shutdown, the array is assembled from all
devices which have an uptodate event count, and then all blocks are compared
and where a difference is found, data is copies from the lowest index number
block to the  others.

"uptodate" in the context of event counts means the event count is equal to,
or one less than, the highest event count found.

NeilBrown

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Re: LVM RAID1 syncing component

[Joe Lawrence]

On Thu, 27 Nov 2014 07:41:58 +1100
NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> wrote:

> On Mon, 24 Nov 2014 23:07:32 -0500 Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@stratus.com>
> wrote:
> 
> > Does anyone know how its possible to determine which side of an LVM RAID 1 
> > is the stale partner during RAID resync?
> > 
> > In ordinary MD RAID, I believe you can check 
> > /sys/block/md0/md/dev-XXX/state,
> 
> Why do you believe that?
> 
> During a resync (after an unclean shutdown) the devices are indistinguishable.
> RAID1 reads all drives and if there is a difference it chooses one data block
> to write to the others - always the one with the lowest index number.
> 
> So with md or LVM it is the same: first "first" is "copied" to the "second".

Hi Neil,

Here's a quick example of my thought-process, where md2 is an in-sync
RAID1 of sdq2 and sdr2 with an internal write bitmap:

% mdadm --fail /dev/md3 /dev/sdr2
% mdadm --remove /dev/md3 /dev/sdr2

[ ... File I/O to /dev/md3 ... ]

% mdadm -X /dev/sd[qr]2
        Filename : /dev/sdq2
           Magic : 6d746962
         Version : 4
            UUID : 073511ee:0b0c20e0:662ae8da:b53c7979
          Events : 8526                                              << ECq
  Events Cleared : 8498
           State : OK
       Chunksize : 64 MB
          Daemon : 5s flush period
      Write Mode : Normal
       Sync Size : 16768896 (15.99 GiB 17.17 GB)
          Bitmap : 256 bits (chunks), 5 dirty (2.0%)
        Filename : /dev/sdr2
           Magic : 6d746962
         Version : 4
            UUID : 073511ee:0b0c20e0:662ae8da:b53c7979
          Events : 8513                                              << ECr
  Events Cleared : 8498
           State : OK
       Chunksize : 64 MB
          Daemon : 5s flush period
      Write Mode : Normal
       Sync Size : 16768896 (15.99 GiB 17.17 GB)
          Bitmap : 256 bits (chunks), 5 dirty (2.0%)

[ Note that ECq > ECr, which makes sense since sdq was the remaining
  disk standing in the RAID. ]

% mdadm --add /dev/md3 /dev/sdr2
% mdadm --detail /dev/md3
/dev/md3:
        Version : 1.2
  Creation Time : Thu Nov 13 15:47:19 2014
     Raid Level : raid1
     Array Size : 16768896 (15.99 GiB 17.17 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 16768896 (15.99 GiB 17.17 GB)
   Raid Devices : 2
  Total Devices : 2
    Persistence : Superblock is persistent

  Intent Bitmap : Internal

    Update Time : Mon Dec  1 16:07:55 2014
          State : active, degraded, recovering 
 Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 2
 Failed Devices : 0
  Spare Devices : 1

 Rebuild Status : 0% complete

           Name : dhcp-linux-2192-2025:3
           UUID : 073511ee:0b0c20e0:662ae8da:b53c7979
         Events : 8528

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0      65        2        0      active sync   /dev/sdq2
       1      65       18        1      spare rebuilding   /dev/sdr2

% head /sys/block/md3/md/dev-sd*/state
==> /sys/block/md3/md/dev-sdq2/state <==
in_sync

==> /sys/block/md3/md/dev-sdr2/state <==
spare

In this scenario, sdr was re-added to the RAID and with a lower events-
cleared count.  I assume that MD will only need to read the data
represented by the dirty bitmap bits from the "active sync" disk to the
"spare rebuilding" disk.  Is this not the case?

Regards,

-- Joe

Re: LVM RAID1 syncing component

[Joe Lawrence]

On Mon, 1 Dec 2014 16:19:47 -0500
Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@stratus.com> wrote:

> On Thu, 27 Nov 2014 07:41:58 +1100
> NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> wrote:
> 
> > On Mon, 24 Nov 2014 23:07:32 -0500 Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@stratus.com>
> > wrote:
> > 
> > > Does anyone know how its possible to determine which side of an LVM RAID 1 
> > > is the stale partner during RAID resync?
> > > 
> > > In ordinary MD RAID, I believe you can check 
> > > /sys/block/md0/md/dev-XXX/state,
> > 
> > Why do you believe that?
> > 
> > During a resync (after an unclean shutdown) the devices are indistinguishable.
> > RAID1 reads all drives and if there is a difference it chooses one data block
> > to write to the others - always the one with the lowest index number.
> > 
> > So with md or LVM it is the same: first "first" is "copied" to the "second".
> 
> Hi Neil,
> 
> Here's a quick example of my thought-process, where md2 is an in-sync
> RAID1 of sdq2 and sdr2 with an internal write bitmap:
> 
> % mdadm --fail /dev/md3 /dev/sdr2
> % mdadm --remove /dev/md3 /dev/sdr2
> 
> [ ... File I/O to /dev/md3 ... ]
> 
> % mdadm -X /dev/sd[qr]2
>         Filename : /dev/sdq2
>            Magic : 6d746962
>          Version : 4
>             UUID : 073511ee:0b0c20e0:662ae8da:b53c7979
>           Events : 8526                                              << ECq
>   Events Cleared : 8498
>            State : OK
>        Chunksize : 64 MB
>           Daemon : 5s flush period
>       Write Mode : Normal
>        Sync Size : 16768896 (15.99 GiB 17.17 GB)
>           Bitmap : 256 bits (chunks), 5 dirty (2.0%)
>         Filename : /dev/sdr2
>            Magic : 6d746962
>          Version : 4
>             UUID : 073511ee:0b0c20e0:662ae8da:b53c7979
>           Events : 8513                                              << ECr
>   Events Cleared : 8498
>            State : OK
>        Chunksize : 64 MB
>           Daemon : 5s flush period
>       Write Mode : Normal
>        Sync Size : 16768896 (15.99 GiB 17.17 GB)
>           Bitmap : 256 bits (chunks), 5 dirty (2.0%)
> 
> [ Note that ECq > ECr, which makes sense since sdq was the remaining
>   disk standing in the RAID. ]
> 
> % mdadm --add /dev/md3 /dev/sdr2
> % mdadm --detail /dev/md3
> /dev/md3:
>         Version : 1.2
>   Creation Time : Thu Nov 13 15:47:19 2014
>      Raid Level : raid1
>      Array Size : 16768896 (15.99 GiB 17.17 GB)
>   Used Dev Size : 16768896 (15.99 GiB 17.17 GB)
>    Raid Devices : 2
>   Total Devices : 2
>     Persistence : Superblock is persistent
> 
>   Intent Bitmap : Internal
> 
>     Update Time : Mon Dec  1 16:07:55 2014
>           State : active, degraded, recovering 
>  Active Devices : 1
> Working Devices : 2
>  Failed Devices : 0
>   Spare Devices : 1
> 
>  Rebuild Status : 0% complete
> 
>            Name : dhcp-linux-2192-2025:3
>            UUID : 073511ee:0b0c20e0:662ae8da:b53c7979
>          Events : 8528
> 
>     Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
>        0      65        2        0      active sync   /dev/sdq2
>        1      65       18        1      spare rebuilding   /dev/sdr2
> 
> % head /sys/block/md3/md/dev-sd*/state
> ==> /sys/block/md3/md/dev-sdq2/state <==
> in_sync
> 
> ==> /sys/block/md3/md/dev-sdr2/state <==
> spare
> 
> In this scenario, sdr was re-added to the RAID and with a lower events-
> cleared count.  I assume that MD will only need to read the data
> represented by the dirty bitmap bits from the "active sync" disk to the
> "spare rebuilding" disk.  Is this not the case?

D'oh!  Sorry for the edit, I meant the "events" count and not the "events
cleared" count to determine sync direction.  I put the "<<" arrows in
the right place but then used the wrong term everywhere else.

-- Joe

Re: LVM RAID1 syncing component

[NeilBrown]

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On Mon, 1 Dec 2014 16:19:47 -0500 Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@stratus.com>
wrote:

> On Thu, 27 Nov 2014 07:41:58 +1100
> NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> wrote:
> 
> > On Mon, 24 Nov 2014 23:07:32 -0500 Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@stratus.com>
> > wrote:
> > 
> > > Does anyone know how its possible to determine which side of an LVM RAID 1 
> > > is the stale partner during RAID resync?
> > > 
> > > In ordinary MD RAID, I believe you can check 
> > > /sys/block/md0/md/dev-XXX/state,
> > 
> > Why do you believe that?
> > 
> > During a resync (after an unclean shutdown) the devices are indistinguishable.
> > RAID1 reads all drives and if there is a difference it chooses one data block
> > to write to the others - always the one with the lowest index number.
> > 
> > So with md or LVM it is the same: first "first" is "copied" to the "second".
> 
> Hi Neil,
> 
> Here's a quick example of my thought-process, where md2 is an in-sync
> RAID1 of sdq2 and sdr2 with an internal write bitmap:
> 
> % mdadm --fail /dev/md3 /dev/sdr2
> % mdadm --remove /dev/md3 /dev/sdr2

You are referring to what I would call "recovery", not "resync"
(which is why I put "(after an unclean shutdown)" in my answer to make it
clear what circumstances I was talking about).

resync: fixing things after an unclean shutdown
recovery: restoring data after a device has been removed an another
          (or possibly the same) added.

I think

  dmsetup info 

should provide the info you want.
One of the fields is a sequence of letters 'D', 'a', 'A'.

		 * Status characters:
		 *  'D' = Dead/Failed device
		 *  'a' = Alive but not in-sync
		 *  'A' = Alive and in-sync

Does that provide the information you wanted?

NeilBrown

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Re: LVM RAID1 syncing component

[Joe Lawrence]

On Tue, 2 Dec 2014 08:41:11 +1100
NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> wrote:

> On Mon, 1 Dec 2014 16:19:47 -0500 Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@stratus.com>
> wrote:
> 
> > On Thu, 27 Nov 2014 07:41:58 +1100
> > NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> wrote:
> > 
> > > On Mon, 24 Nov 2014 23:07:32 -0500 Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@stratus.com>
> > > wrote:
> > > 
> > > > Does anyone know how its possible to determine which side of an LVM RAID 1 
> > > > is the stale partner during RAID resync?
> > > > 
> > > > In ordinary MD RAID, I believe you can check 
> > > > /sys/block/md0/md/dev-XXX/state,
> > > 
> > > Why do you believe that?
> > > 
> > > During a resync (after an unclean shutdown) the devices are indistinguishable.
> > > RAID1 reads all drives and if there is a difference it chooses one data block
> > > to write to the others - always the one with the lowest index number.
> > > 
> > > So with md or LVM it is the same: first "first" is "copied" to the "second".
> > 
> > Hi Neil,
> > 
> > Here's a quick example of my thought-process, where md2 is an in-sync
> > RAID1 of sdq2 and sdr2 with an internal write bitmap:
> > 
> > % mdadm --fail /dev/md3 /dev/sdr2
> > % mdadm --remove /dev/md3 /dev/sdr2
> 
> You are referring to what I would call "recovery", not "resync"
> (which is why I put "(after an unclean shutdown)" in my answer to make it
> clear what circumstances I was talking about).
> 
> resync: fixing things after an unclean shutdown
> recovery: restoring data after a device has been removed an another
>           (or possibly the same) added.
> 
> I think
> 
>   dmsetup info 
> 
> should provide the info you want.
> One of the fields is a sequence of letters 'D', 'a', 'A'.
> 
> 		 * Status characters:
> 		 *  'D' = Dead/Failed device
> 		 *  'a' = Alive but not in-sync
> 		 *  'A' = Alive and in-sync
> 
> Does that provide the information you wanted?

Yes!  When I add a disk back to the array, I see the status characters
you mentioned during _recovery_:

% while [ true ]
do
  dmsetup status vg0-lvraid0
  sleep 10s
done
0 18857984 raid raid1 2 DA 18857984/18857984 idle 0
0 18857984 raid raid1 2 DA 18857984/18857984 idle 0
0 18857984 raid raid1 2 DA 18857984/18857984 idle 0
0 18857984 raid raid1 2 aA 0/18857984 recover 0
0 18857984 raid raid1 2 aA 0/18857984 recover 0
0 18857984 raid raid1 2 aA 256/18857984 recover 0
0 18857984 raid raid1 2 aA 8519680/18857984 recover 0
0 18857984 raid raid1 2 AA 18857984/18857984 idle 0

So now, determining which disk is which in the raid_set.  Can I use a
command like lvs to tie the n-th character status back to a device?

% lvs -a -o name,devices vg0
  LV                 Devices
  lvraid0            lvraid0_rimage_0(0),lvraid0_rimage_1(0)
  [lvraid0_rimage_0] /dev/sdr1(1)
  [lvraid0_rimage_1] /dev/sdt1(1)
  [lvraid0_rmeta_0]  /dev/sdr1(0)
  [lvraid0_rmeta_1]  /dev/sdt1(0)

Where the first character represents [lvraid0_rimage_0] and the second
[lvraid0_rimage_1].

Thanks,

-- Joe