* Replacing failed drives in RAID1
@ 2003-02-13 13:23 Marcus Williams
2003-02-17 5:46 ` Neil Brown
0 siblings, 1 reply; 2+ messages in thread
From: Marcus Williams @ 2003-02-13 13:23 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: linux-raid
[excuse strange formatting - posting from a new news client]
I have a problem trying to replace a failed drive in a RAID1 setup
under Debian (woody).
Background: I have a 2 disk mirror, RAID 1 setup. It is made up of
two 180Gb Western Digital WD1800JB drives. Both are partitioned as:
Partition Table for /dev/hda
First Last
# Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID) Flags
-- ------- -------- --------- ------ --------- ---------------------- ---------
1 Primary 0 4000184 63 4000185 Linux raid autode (FD) Boot (80)
2 Primary 4000185 5992244 0 1992060 Linux swap (82) None (00)
3 Primary 5992245 351646784 0 345654540 Linux (83) None (00)
Partition Table for /dev/hdc
First Last
# Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID) Flags
-- ------- -------- --------- ------ --------- ---------------------- ---------
1 Primary 0 4000184 63 4000185 Linux raid autode (FD) Boot (80)
2 Primary 4000185 5992244 0 1992060 Linux swap (82) None (00)
3 Primary 5992245 351646784 0 345654540 Linux (83) None (00)
Output of /proc/mdstat (when both devices are running):
Personalities : [linear] [raid0] [raid1]
read_ahead 1024 sectors
md1 : active raid1 hdc3[1] hda3[0]
172827200 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md0 : active raid1 hdc1[1] hda1[0]
1999936 blocks [2/2] [UU]
unused devices: <none>
Both raid devices have ext3 filesystems on them.
The problem: hda has now failed, and I have tried to put in a new
drive. However, when the failed drive is replaced with the new
drive, the raid device md1 will not restart and produces the
following errors:
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: invalid raid superblock magic on hda3
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: hda3 has invalid sb, not importing!
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: could not import hda3!
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: autostart hda3 failed!
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: EXT3-fs: unable to read superblock
whereas, the md0 device auto-recovers - presumably because the
auto-detect flag is set and the kernel is dealing with the rebuild:
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: linear personality registered as nr 1
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: raid0 personality registered as nr 2
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: raid1 personality registered as nr 3
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: md driver 0.90.0 MAX_MD_DEVS=256, MD_SB_DISKS=27
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: Autodetecting RAID arrays.
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: [events: 00000000]
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: invalid raid superblock magic on hda1
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: hda1 has invalid sb, not importing!
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: could not import hda1!
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: [events: 000000ce]
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: autorun ...
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: considering hdc1 ...
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: adding hdc1 ...
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: created md0
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: bind<hdc1,1>
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: running: <hdc1>
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: hdc1's event counter: 000000ce
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md0: removing former faulty hda1!
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: md0: raid array is not clean -- starting background reconstruction
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: RAID level 1 does not need chunksize! Continuing anyway.
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md0: max total readahead window set to 124k
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md0: 1 data-disks, max readahead per data-disk: 124k
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: raid1: device hdc1 operational as mirror 1
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: raid1: md0, not all disks are operational -- trying to recover array
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: raid1: raid set md0 active with 1 out of 2 mirrors
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: updating md0 RAID superblock on device
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: hdc1 [events: 000000cf]<6>(write) hdc1's sb offset: 1999936
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: recovery thread got woken up ...
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md0: no spare disk to reconstruct array! -- continuing in degraded mode
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: recovery thread finished ...
Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: ... autorun DONE.
From everything I have read, all I should have to do is replace
the drive when it fails with a correctly partitioned spare,
reboot. Wait for the raid to autostart (in degraded mode) and
raidhotadd the partitions back in to get them resynced. Is this
correct? If not, where am I going wrong?
Thanks
Marcus
--
Marcus Williams - http://www.onq2.com
Quintic Ltd, 39 Newnham Road, Cambridge, UK
--
Composed with Newz Crawler 1.3 http://www.newzcrawler.com/
^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 2+ messages in thread* Re: Replacing failed drives in RAID1
2003-02-13 13:23 Replacing failed drives in RAID1 Marcus Williams
@ 2003-02-17 5:46 ` Neil Brown
0 siblings, 0 replies; 2+ messages in thread
From: Neil Brown @ 2003-02-17 5:46 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Marcus Williams; +Cc: linux-raid
On Friday February 13, marcus@quintic.co.uk wrote:
> [excuse strange formatting - posting from a new news client]
> I have a problem trying to replace a failed drive in a RAID1 setup
> under Debian (woody).
>
> Background: I have a 2 disk mirror, RAID 1 setup. It is made up of
> two 180Gb Western Digital WD1800JB drives. Both are partitioned as:
>
> Partition Table for /dev/hda
>
> First Last
> # Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID) Flags
> -- ------- -------- --------- ------ --------- ---------------------- ---------
> 1 Primary 0 4000184 63 4000185 Linux raid autode (FD) Boot (80)
> 2 Primary 4000185 5992244 0 1992060 Linux swap (82) None (00)
> 3 Primary 5992245 351646784 0 345654540 Linux (83) None (00)
>
>
> Partition Table for /dev/hdc
>
> First Last
> # Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID) Flags
> -- ------- -------- --------- ------ --------- ---------------------- ---------
> 1 Primary 0 4000184 63 4000185 Linux raid autode (FD) Boot (80)
> 2 Primary 4000185 5992244 0 1992060 Linux swap (82) None (00)
> 3 Primary 5992245 351646784 0 345654540 Linux (83) None (00)
>
> Output of /proc/mdstat (when both devices are running):
>
> Personalities : [linear] [raid0] [raid1]
> read_ahead 1024 sectors
> md1 : active raid1 hdc3[1] hda3[0]
> 172827200 blocks [2/2] [UU]
> md0 : active raid1 hdc1[1] hda1[0]
> 1999936 blocks [2/2] [UU]
> unused devices: <none>
>
> Both raid devices have ext3 filesystems on them.
>
> The problem: hda has now failed, and I have tried to put in a new
> drive. However, when the failed drive is replaced with the new
> drive, the raid device md1 will not restart and produces the
> following errors:
>
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: invalid raid superblock magic on hda3
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: hda3 has invalid sb, not importing!
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: could not import hda3!
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: autostart hda3 failed!
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: EXT3-fs: unable to read superblock
Looks like you are trying to use 'raidstart'. Raidstart is broken by
design. It doesn't work. You could try mdadm...
>
> whereas, the md0 device auto-recovers - presumably because the
> auto-detect flag is set and the kernel is dealing with the rebuild:
>
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: linear personality registered as nr 1
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: raid0 personality registered as nr 2
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: raid1 personality registered as nr 3
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: md driver 0.90.0 MAX_MD_DEVS=256, MD_SB_DISKS=27
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: Autodetecting RAID arrays.
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: [events: 00000000]
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: invalid raid superblock magic on hda1
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: hda1 has invalid sb, not importing!
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: could not import hda1!
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: [events: 000000ce]
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: autorun ...
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: considering hdc1 ...
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: adding hdc1 ...
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: created md0
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: bind<hdc1,1>
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: running: <hdc1>
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: hdc1's event counter: 000000ce
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md0: removing former faulty hda1!
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: md0: raid array is not clean -- starting background reconstruction
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: RAID level 1 does not need chunksize! Continuing anyway.
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md0: max total readahead window set to 124k
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md0: 1 data-disks, max readahead per data-disk: 124k
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: raid1: device hdc1 operational as mirror 1
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: raid1: md0, not all disks are operational -- trying to recover array
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: raid1: raid set md0 active with 1 out of 2 mirrors
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: updating md0 RAID superblock on device
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: hdc1 [events: 000000cf]<6>(write) hdc1's sb offset: 1999936
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: recovery thread got woken up ...
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md0: no spare disk to reconstruct array! -- continuing in degraded mode
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: recovery thread finished ...
> Feb 12 14:09:59 bart kernel: md: ... autorun DONE.
>
> >From everything I have read, all I should have to do is replace
> the drive when it fails with a correctly partitioned spare,
> reboot. Wait for the raid to autostart (in degraded mode) and
> raidhotadd the partitions back in to get them resynced. Is this
> correct? If not, where am I going wrong?
Well, you could set the partition type of hdc3 to be "Linux raid
autodetect" and then md1 would work much like md0.
Or you could get mdadm and:
mdadm --assemble /dev/md1 /dev/hdc3
mdadm /dev/md1 --add /dev/hda3
http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/raid/mdadm/
NeilBrown
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2003-02-13 13:23 Replacing failed drives in RAID1 Marcus Williams
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