[PATCH v4] riscv: fix race when vmap stack overflow

Palmer Dabbelt
2022-11-30T02:29:16Z

From: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org>

Currently, when detecting vmap stack overflow, riscv firstly switches
to the so called shadow stack, then use this shadow stack to call the
get_overflow_stack() to get the overflow stack. However, there's
a race here if two or more harts use the same shadow stack at the same
time.

To solve this race, we introduce spin_shadow_stack atomic var, which
will be swap between its own address and 0 in atomic way, when the
var is set, it means the shadow_stack is being used; when the var
is cleared, it means the shadow_stack isn't being used.

Fixes: 31da94c25aea ("riscv: add VMAP_STACK overflow detection")
Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org>
Suggested-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221030124517.2370-1-jszhang@kernel.org
[Palmer: Add AQ to the swap, and also some comments.]
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>
---
Sorry to just re-spin this one without any warning, but I'd read patch a
few times and every time I'd managed to convice myself there was a much
simpler way of doing this. By the time I'd figured out why that's not
the case it seemed faster to just write the comments.

I've stashed this, right on top of the offending commit, at
palmer/riscv-fix_vmap_stack.

Since v3:
- Add AQ to the swap.
- Add a bunch of comments.

Since v2:
- use REG_AMOSWAP
- add comment to the purpose of smp_store_release()

Since v1:
- use smp_store_release directly
- use unsigned int instead of atomic_t
---
arch/riscv/include/asm/asm.h | 1 +
arch/riscv/kernel/entry.S | 13 +++++++++++++
arch/riscv/kernel/traps.c | 18 ++++++++++++++++++
3 files changed, 32 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/asm.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/asm.h
index 618d7c5af1a2..e15a1c9f1cf8 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/asm.h
+++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/asm.h
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
#define REG_L __REG_SEL(ld, lw)
#define REG_S __REG_SEL(sd, sw)
#define REG_SC __REG_SEL(sc.d, sc.w)
+#define REG_AMOSWAP_AQ __REG_SEL(amoswap.d.aq, amoswap.w.aq)
#define REG_ASM __REG_SEL(.dword, .word)
#define SZREG __REG_SEL(8, 4)
#define LGREG __REG_SEL(3, 2)
diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/entry.S b/arch/riscv/kernel/entry.S
index 98f502654edd..5fdb6ba09600 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kernel/entry.S
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/entry.S
@@ -387,6 +387,19 @@ handle_syscall_trace_exit:

#ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK
handle_kernel_stack_overflow:
+ /*
+ * Takes the psuedo-spinlock for the shadow stack, in case multiple
+ * harts are concurrently overflowing their kernel stacks. We could
+ * store any value here, but since we're overflowing the kernel stack
+ * already we only have SP to use as a scratch register. So we just
+ * swap in the address of the spinlock, as that's definately non-zero.
+ *
+ * Pairs with a store_release in handle_bad_stack().
+ */
+1: la sp, spin_shadow_stack
+ REG_AMOSWAP_AQ sp, sp, (sp)
+ bnez sp, 1b
+
la sp, shadow_stack
addi sp, sp, SHADOW_OVERFLOW_STACK_SIZE

diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/traps.c b/arch/riscv/kernel/traps.c
index bb6a450f0ecc..be54ccea8c47 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kernel/traps.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/traps.c
@@ -213,11 +213,29 @@ asmlinkage unsigned long get_overflow_stack(void)
OVERFLOW_STACK_SIZE;
}

+/*
+ * A pseudo spinlock to protect the shadow stack from being used by multiple
+ * harts concurrently. This isn't a real spinlock because the lock side must
+ * be taken without a valid stack and only a single register, it's only taken
+ * while in the process of panicing anyway so the performance and error
+ * checking a proper spinlock gives us doesn't matter.
+ */
+unsigned long spin_shadow_stack;
+
asmlinkage void handle_bad_stack(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
unsigned long tsk_stk = (unsigned long)current->stack;
unsigned long ovf_stk = (unsigned long)this_cpu_ptr(overflow_stack);

+ /*
+ * We're done with the shadow stack by this point, as we're on the
+ * overflow stack. Tell any other concurrent overflowing harts that
+ * they can proceed with panicing by releasing the pseudo-spinlock.
+ *
+ * This pairs with an amoswap.aq in handle_kernel_stack_overflow.
+ */
+ smp_store_release(&spin_shadow_stack, 0);
+
console_verbose();

pr_emerg("Insufficient stack space to handle exception!\n");
--
2.38.1