[PATCH v2 0/8] exec: Use sane stack rlimit under secureexec

[PATCH v2 0/8] exec: Use sane stack rlimit under secureexec

[Kees Cook]

As discussed with Linus and Andy, we need to reset the stack rlimit
before we do memory layouts when execing a privilege-gaining (e.g.
setuid) program. This moves security_bprm_secureexec() earlier (with
required changes), and then lowers the stack limit when appropriate.

As a side-effect, dumpability and pdeath_signal clearing is expanded
to cover LSM definitions of secureexec (and Smack can drop its special
handler for pdeath_signal clearing).

I'd appreciate some extra eyes on this to make sure this isn't
broken in some special way. I couldn't find anything that _depended_
on security_bprm_secureexec() being called late.

Thanks!

-Kees

v2:
- fix missed current_security() uses in LSMs.
- research/consolidate dumpability setting logic
- research/consolidate pdeath_signal clearing logic
- split up logical steps a little more for easier review (and bisection)
- fix some old broken comments

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[PATCH v2 1/8] exec: Correct comments about "point of no return"

[Kees Cook]

In commit 221af7f87b97 ("Split 'flush_old_exec' into two functions"),
the comment about the point of no return should have stayed in
flush_old_exec() since it refers to "bprm->mm = NULL;" line, but prior
changes in commits c89681ed7d0e ("remove steal_locks()"), and
fd8328be874f ("sanitize handling of shared descriptor tables in failing
execve()") made it look like it meant the current->sas_ss_sp line instead.

The comment is referring to the fact that once bprm->mm is NULL, all
failures from a binfmt load_binary hook (e.g. load_elf_binary), will
get SEGV raised against current. Move this comment and expand the
explanation a bit, putting it above the assignment this time.

This also removes an erroneous commet about when credentials are being
installed. That has its own dedicated function, install_exec_creds(),
which carries a similar (and correct) comment, so remove the bogus comment
where installation is not actually happening.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 fs/exec.c | 11 ++++++++---
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index 904199086490..7842ae661e34 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -1285,7 +1285,14 @@ int flush_old_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
 	if (retval)
 		goto out;
 
-	bprm->mm = NULL;		/* We're using it now */
+	/*
+	 * After clearing bprm->mm (to mark that current is using the
+	 * prepared mm now), we are at the point of no return. If
+	 * anything from here on returns an error, the check in
+	 * search_binary_handler() will kill current (since the mm has
+	 * been replaced).
+	 */
+	bprm->mm = NULL;
 
 	set_fs(USER_DS);
 	current->flags &= ~(PF_RANDOMIZE | PF_FORKNOEXEC | PF_KTHREAD |
@@ -1332,7 +1339,6 @@ void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
 {
 	arch_pick_mmap_layout(current->mm);
 
-	/* This is the point of no return */
 	current->sas_ss_sp = current->sas_ss_size = 0;
 
 	if (uid_eq(current_euid(), current_uid()) && gid_eq(current_egid(), current_gid()))
@@ -1350,7 +1356,6 @@ void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
 	 */
 	current->mm->task_size = TASK_SIZE;
 
-	/* install the new credentials */
 	if (!uid_eq(bprm->cred->uid, current_euid()) ||
 	    !gid_eq(bprm->cred->gid, current_egid())) {
 		current->pdeath_signal = 0;
-- 
2.7.4

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[PATCH v2 1/8] exec: Correct comments about "point of no return"

[Eric W. Biederman]

But you miss it.

The "point of no return" is the call to de_thread.  Or aguably anything in
flush_old_exec.  Once anything in the current task is modified you can't
return an error.

It very much does not have anything to do with brpm.    It has
everything to do with current.


> diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
> index 904199086490..7842ae661e34 100644
> --- a/fs/exec.c
> +++ b/fs/exec.c
> @@ -1285,7 +1285,14 @@ int flush_old_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
>  	if (retval)
>  		goto out;
>  
> -	bprm->mm = NULL;		/* We're using it now */
> +	/*
> +	 * After clearing bprm->mm (to mark that current is using the
> +	 * prepared mm now), we are at the point of no return. If
> +	 * anything from here on returns an error, the check in
> +	 * search_binary_handler() will kill current (since the mm has
> +	 * been replaced).
> +	 */
> +	bprm->mm = NULL;
>  
>  	set_fs(USER_DS);
>  	current->flags &= ~(PF_RANDOMIZE | PF_FORKNOEXEC | PF_KTHREAD |

Eric
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[PATCH v2 1/8] exec: Correct comments about "point of no return"

[Kees Cook]

On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 1:46 AM, Eric W. Biederman
<ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
>
> But you miss it.
>
> The "point of no return" is the call to de_thread.  Or aguably anything in
> flush_old_exec.  Once anything in the current task is modified you can't
> return an error.
>
> It very much does not have anything to do with brpm.    It has
> everything to do with current.

Yes, but the thing that actually enforces this is the test of bprm->mm
and the SIGSEGV in search_binary_handlers().

-Kees

>
>
>> diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
>> index 904199086490..7842ae661e34 100644
>> --- a/fs/exec.c
>> +++ b/fs/exec.c
>> @@ -1285,7 +1285,14 @@ int flush_old_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
>>       if (retval)
>>               goto out;
>>
>> -     bprm->mm = NULL;                /* We're using it now */
>> +     /*
>> +      * After clearing bprm->mm (to mark that current is using the
>> +      * prepared mm now), we are at the point of no return. If
>> +      * anything from here on returns an error, the check in
>> +      * search_binary_handler() will kill current (since the mm has
>> +      * been replaced).
>> +      */
>> +     bprm->mm = NULL;
>>
>>       set_fs(USER_DS);
>>       current->flags &= ~(PF_RANDOMIZE | PF_FORKNOEXEC | PF_KTHREAD |
>
> Eric



-- 
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Pixel Security
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[PATCH v2 1/8] exec: Correct comments about "point of no return"

[Kees Cook]

On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 10:07 AM, Eric W. Biederman
<ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
> Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> writes:
>
>> On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 1:46 AM, Eric W. Biederman
>> <ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> But you miss it.
>>>
>>> The "point of no return" is the call to de_thread.  Or aguably anything in
>>> flush_old_exec.  Once anything in the current task is modified you can't
>>> return an error.
>>>
>>> It very much does not have anything to do with brpm.    It has
>>> everything to do with current.
>>
>> Yes, but the thing that actually enforces this is the test of bprm->mm
>> and the SIGSEGV in search_binary_handlers().
>
> So what.  Calling that the point of no return is wrong.
>
> The point of no return is when we kill change anyting in signal_struct
> or task_struct.  AKA killing the first thread in de_thread.

Well, okay, I think this is a semantic difference. Prior to bprm->mm
being NULL, there is still an error return path (yes?), though there
may have been side-effects (like de_thread(), as you say). But after
going NULL, the exec either succeeds or SEGVs. It is literally the
point of no "return".

> It is more than just the SIGSEGV in search_binary_handlers that enforces
> this.  de_thread only returns (with a failure code) after having killed
> some threads if those threads are dead.

This would still result in the exec-ing thread returning with that error, yes?

> Similarly exec_mmap only returns with failure if we know that a core
> dump is pending, and as such the process will be killed before returning
> to userspace.

Yeah, I had looked at this code and mostly decided it wasn't possible
for exec_mmap() to actually get its return value back to userspace.

> I am a little worried that we may fail to dump some threads if a core
> dump races with exec, but that is a quality of implementation issue, and
> the window is very small so I don't know that it matters.
>
> The point of no return very much comes a while before clearing brpm->mm.

I'm happy to re-write the comments, but I was just trying to document
the SEGV case, which is what that comment was originally trying to do
(and got lost in the various shuffles).

-Kees

-- 
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Pixel Security
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[PATCH v2 1/8] exec: Correct comments about "point of no return"

[Eric W. Biederman]

Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> writes:

> On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 10:07 AM, Eric W. Biederman
> <ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
>> Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> writes:
>>
>>> On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 1:46 AM, Eric W. Biederman
>>> <ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> But you miss it.
>>>>
>>>> The "point of no return" is the call to de_thread.  Or aguably anything in
>>>> flush_old_exec.  Once anything in the current task is modified you can't
>>>> return an error.
>>>>
>>>> It very much does not have anything to do with brpm.    It has
>>>> everything to do with current.
>>>
>>> Yes, but the thing that actually enforces this is the test of bprm->mm
>>> and the SIGSEGV in search_binary_handlers().
>>
>> So what.  Calling that the point of no return is wrong.
>>
>> The point of no return is when we kill change anyting in signal_struct
>> or task_struct.  AKA killing the first thread in de_thread.
>
> Well, okay, I think this is a semantic difference. Prior to bprm->mm
> being NULL, there is still an error return path (yes?), though there
> may have been side-effects (like de_thread(), as you say). But after
> going NULL, the exec either succeeds or SEGVs. It is literally the
> point of no "return".

Nope.  The only exits out of de_thread without de_thread completing
successfully are when we know the processes is already exiting
(signal_group_exit) or when a fatal signal is pending
(__fatal_signal_pending).  With a process exit already pending there is
no need to send a separate signal.

Quite seriously after exec starts having side effects on the process we may
not return to userspace.

>> It is more than just the SIGSEGV in search_binary_handlers that enforces
>> this.  de_thread only returns (with a failure code) after having killed
>> some threads if those threads are dead.
>
> This would still result in the exec-ing thread returning with that
> error, yes?

Nope.  The process dies before it gets to see the failure code. 

>> Similarly exec_mmap only returns with failure if we know that a core
>> dump is pending, and as such the process will be killed before returning
>> to userspace.
>
> Yeah, I had looked at this code and mostly decided it wasn't possible
> for exec_mmap() to actually get its return value back to userspace.
>
>> I am a little worried that we may fail to dump some threads if a core
>> dump races with exec, but that is a quality of implementation issue, and
>> the window is very small so I don't know that it matters.
>>
>> The point of no return very much comes a while before clearing brpm->mm.
>
> I'm happy to re-write the comments, but I was just trying to document
> the SEGV case, which is what that comment was originally trying to do
> (and got lost in the various shuffles).

My objection is you are misdocumenting what is going on.  If we are
going to correct the comment let's correct the comment.

The start of flush_old_exec is the point of no return.  Any errors after
that point the process will never see.

Eric

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[PATCH v2 1/8] exec: Correct comments about "point of no return"

[Kees Cook]

On Tue, Jul 18, 2017 at 6:12 AM, Eric W. Biederman
<ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
> Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> writes:
>
>> On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 10:07 AM, Eric W. Biederman
>> <ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
>>> Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> writes:
>>>
>>>> On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 1:46 AM, Eric W. Biederman
>>>> <ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> But you miss it.
>>>>>
>>>>> The "point of no return" is the call to de_thread.  Or aguably anything in
>>>>> flush_old_exec.  Once anything in the current task is modified you can't
>>>>> return an error.
>>>>>
>>>>> It very much does not have anything to do with brpm.    It has
>>>>> everything to do with current.
>>>>
>>>> Yes, but the thing that actually enforces this is the test of bprm->mm
>>>> and the SIGSEGV in search_binary_handlers().
>>>
>>> So what.  Calling that the point of no return is wrong.
>>>
>>> The point of no return is when we kill change anyting in signal_struct
>>> or task_struct.  AKA killing the first thread in de_thread.
>>
>> Well, okay, I think this is a semantic difference. Prior to bprm->mm
>> being NULL, there is still an error return path (yes?), though there
>> may have been side-effects (like de_thread(), as you say). But after
>> going NULL, the exec either succeeds or SEGVs. It is literally the
>> point of no "return".
>
> Nope.  The only exits out of de_thread without de_thread completing
> successfully are when we know the processes is already exiting
> (signal_group_exit) or when a fatal signal is pending
> (__fatal_signal_pending).  With a process exit already pending there is
> no need to send a separate signal.
>
> Quite seriously after exec starts having side effects on the process we may
> not return to userspace.
>
>>> It is more than just the SIGSEGV in search_binary_handlers that enforces
>>> this.  de_thread only returns (with a failure code) after having killed
>>> some threads if those threads are dead.
>>
>> This would still result in the exec-ing thread returning with that
>> error, yes?
>
> Nope.  The process dies before it gets to see the failure code.
>
>>> Similarly exec_mmap only returns with failure if we know that a core
>>> dump is pending, and as such the process will be killed before returning
>>> to userspace.
>>
>> Yeah, I had looked at this code and mostly decided it wasn't possible
>> for exec_mmap() to actually get its return value back to userspace.
>>
>>> I am a little worried that we may fail to dump some threads if a core
>>> dump races with exec, but that is a quality of implementation issue, and
>>> the window is very small so I don't know that it matters.
>>>
>>> The point of no return very much comes a while before clearing brpm->mm.
>>
>> I'm happy to re-write the comments, but I was just trying to document
>> the SEGV case, which is what that comment was originally trying to do
>> (and got lost in the various shuffles).
>
> My objection is you are misdocumenting what is going on.  If we are
> going to correct the comment let's correct the comment.
>
> The start of flush_old_exec is the point of no return.  Any errors after
> that point the process will never see.

Okay, I'll adjust it. Thanks!

-Kees

-- 
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[PATCH v2 2/8] exec: Move security_bprm_secureexec() earlier

[Kees Cook]

There are several places where exec needs to know if a privilege-gain has
happened. These should be using the results of security_bprm_secureexec()
but it is getting (needlessly) called very late.

Instead, move this earlier in the exec code, to the start of the point
of no return in setup_new_exec(). Here, the new creds have already
been calculated (and stored in bprm->cred), which is normally what
security_bprm_secureexec() wants to examine. Since it's moved earlier,
LSMs hooking bprm_secureexec() need to be adjusted to use the creds in
bprm:

$ git grep LSM_HOOK_INIT.*bprm_secureexec
apparmor/lsm.c:    LSM_HOOK_INIT(bprm_secureexec, apparmor_bprm_secureexec),
commoncap.c:       LSM_HOOK_INIT(bprm_secureexec, cap_bprm_secureexec),
selinux/hooks.c:   LSM_HOOK_INIT(bprm_secureexec, selinux_bprm_secureexec),
smack/smack_lsm.c: LSM_HOOK_INIT(bprm_secureexec, smack_bprm_secureexec),

AppArmor does not access creds in apparmor_bprm_secureexec.

Capabilities needed to be adjusted to use bprm creds.

SELinux needed to be adjusted to use bprm creds for the security structure.

Smack needed to be adjusted to use bprm creds for the security structure.

The result of the bprm_secureexec() hook is saved in a new bprm field
"secureexec" so it can be queried later (just AT_SECURE currently).

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 fs/binfmt_elf.c            | 2 +-
 fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c      | 2 +-
 fs/exec.c                  | 5 +++++
 include/linux/binfmts.h    | 3 ++-
 include/linux/lsm_hooks.h  | 3 ++-
 security/commoncap.c       | 4 +---
 security/selinux/hooks.c   | 2 +-
 security/smack/smack_lsm.c | 2 +-
 8 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/binfmt_elf.c b/fs/binfmt_elf.c
index 5075fd5c62c8..7f6ec4dac13d 100644
--- a/fs/binfmt_elf.c
+++ b/fs/binfmt_elf.c
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ create_elf_tables(struct linux_binprm *bprm, struct elfhdr *exec,
 	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EUID, from_kuid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->euid));
 	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_GID, from_kgid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->gid));
 	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EGID, from_kgid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->egid));
- 	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_SECURE, security_bprm_secureexec(bprm));
+	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_SECURE, bprm->secureexec);
 	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_RANDOM, (elf_addr_t)(unsigned long)u_rand_bytes);
 #ifdef ELF_HWCAP2
 	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_HWCAP2, ELF_HWCAP2);
diff --git a/fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c b/fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c
index cf93a4fad012..5aa9199dfb13 100644
--- a/fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c
+++ b/fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ static int create_elf_fdpic_tables(struct linux_binprm *bprm,
 	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EUID,	(elf_addr_t) from_kuid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->euid));
 	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_GID,	(elf_addr_t) from_kgid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->gid));
 	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EGID,	(elf_addr_t) from_kgid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->egid));
-	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_SECURE,	security_bprm_secureexec(bprm));
+	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_SECURE,	bprm->secureexec);
 	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EXECFN,	bprm->exec);
 
 #ifdef ARCH_DLINFO
diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index 7842ae661e34..b92e37fb53aa 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -1337,6 +1337,11 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(would_dump);
 
 void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
 {
+	if (security_bprm_secureexec(bprm)) {
+		/* Record for AT_SECURE. */
+		bprm->secureexec = 1;
+	}
+
 	arch_pick_mmap_layout(current->mm);
 
 	current->sas_ss_sp = current->sas_ss_size = 0;
diff --git a/include/linux/binfmts.h b/include/linux/binfmts.h
index 05488da3aee9..1afaa303cad0 100644
--- a/include/linux/binfmts.h
+++ b/include/linux/binfmts.h
@@ -27,9 +27,10 @@ struct linux_binprm {
 	unsigned int
 		cred_prepared:1,/* true if creds already prepared (multiple
 				 * preps happen for interpreters) */
-		cap_effective:1;/* true if has elevated effective capabilities,
+		cap_effective:1,/* true if has elevated effective capabilities,
 				 * false if not; except for init which inherits
 				 * its parent's caps anyway */
+		secureexec:1;	/* true when gaining privileges */
 #ifdef __alpha__
 	unsigned int taso:1;
 #endif
diff --git a/include/linux/lsm_hooks.h b/include/linux/lsm_hooks.h
index 080f34e66017..d1bd24fb4a33 100644
--- a/include/linux/lsm_hooks.h
+++ b/include/linux/lsm_hooks.h
@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@
  *	Return a boolean value (0 or 1) indicating whether a "secure exec"
  *	is required.  The flag is passed in the auxiliary table
  *	on the initial stack to the ELF interpreter to indicate whether libc
- *	should enable secure mode.
+ *	should enable secure mode. Called before bprm_committing_creds(),
+ *	so pending credentials are in @bprm->cred.
  *	@bprm contains the linux_binprm structure.
  *
  * Security hooks for filesystem operations.
diff --git a/security/commoncap.c b/security/commoncap.c
index 7abebd782d5e..482d3aac2fc6 100644
--- a/security/commoncap.c
+++ b/security/commoncap.c
@@ -624,12 +624,10 @@ int cap_bprm_set_creds(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
  * Determine whether a secure execution is required, return 1 if it is, and 0
  * if it is not.
  *
- * The credentials have been committed by this point, and so are no longer
- * available through @bprm->cred.
  */
 int cap_bprm_secureexec(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
 {
-	const struct cred *cred = current_cred();
+	const struct cred *cred = bprm->cred;
 	kuid_t root_uid = make_kuid(cred->user_ns, 0);
 
 	if (!uid_eq(cred->uid, root_uid)) {
diff --git a/security/selinux/hooks.c b/security/selinux/hooks.c
index 819fd6858b49..9381c8474cf4 100644
--- a/security/selinux/hooks.c
+++ b/security/selinux/hooks.c
@@ -2420,7 +2420,7 @@ static int selinux_bprm_set_creds(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
 
 static int selinux_bprm_secureexec(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
 {
-	const struct task_security_struct *tsec = current_security();
+	const struct task_security_struct *tsec = bprm->cred->security;
 	u32 sid, osid;
 	int atsecure = 0;
 
diff --git a/security/smack/smack_lsm.c b/security/smack/smack_lsm.c
index 658f5d8c7e76..13cf9e66d5fe 100644
--- a/security/smack/smack_lsm.c
+++ b/security/smack/smack_lsm.c
@@ -975,7 +975,7 @@ static void smack_bprm_committing_creds(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
  */
 static int smack_bprm_secureexec(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
 {
-	struct task_smack *tsp = current_security();
+	struct task_smack *tsp = bprm->cred->security;
 
 	if (tsp->smk_task != tsp->smk_forked)
 		return 1;
-- 
2.7.4

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[PATCH v2 2/8] exec: Move security_bprm_secureexec() earlier

[Eric W. Biederman]

Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> writes:

> There are several places where exec needs to know if a privilege-gain has
> happened. These should be using the results of security_bprm_secureexec()
> but it is getting (needlessly) called very late.

It is hard to tell at a glance but I believe this introduces a
regression.

cap_bprm_set_creds is currently called before cap_bprm_secureexec and
it has a number of cases such as no_new_privs and ptrace that can result
in some of the precomputed credential changes not happening.

Without accounting for that I believe your cap_bprm_securexec now
returns a postive value too early.

> Instead, move this earlier in the exec code, to the start of the point
> of no return in setup_new_exec(). Here, the new creds have already
> been calculated (and stored in bprm->cred), which is normally what
> security_bprm_secureexec() wants to examine. Since it's moved earlier,
> LSMs hooking bprm_secureexec() need to be adjusted to use the creds in
> bprm:
>
> $ git grep LSM_HOOK_INIT.*bprm_secureexec
> apparmor/lsm.c:    LSM_HOOK_INIT(bprm_secureexec, apparmor_bprm_secureexec),
> commoncap.c:       LSM_HOOK_INIT(bprm_secureexec, cap_bprm_secureexec),
> selinux/hooks.c:   LSM_HOOK_INIT(bprm_secureexec, selinux_bprm_secureexec),
> smack/smack_lsm.c: LSM_HOOK_INIT(bprm_secureexec, smack_bprm_secureexec),
>
> AppArmor does not access creds in apparmor_bprm_secureexec.
>
> Capabilities needed to be adjusted to use bprm creds.
>
> SELinux needed to be adjusted to use bprm creds for the security structure.
>
> Smack needed to be adjusted to use bprm creds for the security structure.
>
> The result of the bprm_secureexec() hook is saved in a new bprm field
> "secureexec" so it can be queried later (just AT_SECURE currently).
>
> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
> ---
>  fs/binfmt_elf.c            | 2 +-
>  fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c      | 2 +-
>  fs/exec.c                  | 5 +++++
>  include/linux/binfmts.h    | 3 ++-
>  include/linux/lsm_hooks.h  | 3 ++-
>  security/commoncap.c       | 4 +---
>  security/selinux/hooks.c   | 2 +-
>  security/smack/smack_lsm.c | 2 +-
>  8 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/fs/binfmt_elf.c b/fs/binfmt_elf.c
> index 5075fd5c62c8..7f6ec4dac13d 100644
> --- a/fs/binfmt_elf.c
> +++ b/fs/binfmt_elf.c
> @@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ create_elf_tables(struct linux_binprm *bprm, struct elfhdr *exec,
>  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EUID, from_kuid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->euid));
>  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_GID, from_kgid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->gid));
>  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EGID, from_kgid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->egid));
> - 	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_SECURE, security_bprm_secureexec(bprm));
> +	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_SECURE, bprm->secureexec);
>  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_RANDOM, (elf_addr_t)(unsigned long)u_rand_bytes);
>  #ifdef ELF_HWCAP2
>  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_HWCAP2, ELF_HWCAP2);
> diff --git a/fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c b/fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c
> index cf93a4fad012..5aa9199dfb13 100644
> --- a/fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c
> +++ b/fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c
> @@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ static int create_elf_fdpic_tables(struct linux_binprm *bprm,
>  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EUID,	(elf_addr_t) from_kuid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->euid));
>  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_GID,	(elf_addr_t) from_kgid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->gid));
>  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EGID,	(elf_addr_t) from_kgid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->egid));
> -	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_SECURE,	security_bprm_secureexec(bprm));
> +	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_SECURE,	bprm->secureexec);
>  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EXECFN,	bprm->exec);
>  
>  #ifdef ARCH_DLINFO
> diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
> index 7842ae661e34..b92e37fb53aa 100644
> --- a/fs/exec.c
> +++ b/fs/exec.c
> @@ -1337,6 +1337,11 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(would_dump);
>  
>  void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
>  {
> +	if (security_bprm_secureexec(bprm)) {
> +		/* Record for AT_SECURE. */
> +		bprm->secureexec = 1;
> +	}
> +
>  	arch_pick_mmap_layout(current->mm);
>  
>  	current->sas_ss_sp = current->sas_ss_size = 0;
> diff --git a/include/linux/binfmts.h b/include/linux/binfmts.h
> index 05488da3aee9..1afaa303cad0 100644
> --- a/include/linux/binfmts.h
> +++ b/include/linux/binfmts.h
> @@ -27,9 +27,10 @@ struct linux_binprm {
>  	unsigned int
>  		cred_prepared:1,/* true if creds already prepared (multiple
>  				 * preps happen for interpreters) */
> -		cap_effective:1;/* true if has elevated effective capabilities,
> +		cap_effective:1,/* true if has elevated effective capabilities,
>  				 * false if not; except for init which inherits
>  				 * its parent's caps anyway */
> +		secureexec:1;	/* true when gaining privileges */
>  #ifdef __alpha__
>  	unsigned int taso:1;
>  #endif
> diff --git a/include/linux/lsm_hooks.h b/include/linux/lsm_hooks.h
> index 080f34e66017..d1bd24fb4a33 100644
> --- a/include/linux/lsm_hooks.h
> +++ b/include/linux/lsm_hooks.h
> @@ -72,7 +72,8 @@
>   *	Return a boolean value (0 or 1) indicating whether a "secure exec"
>   *	is required.  The flag is passed in the auxiliary table
>   *	on the initial stack to the ELF interpreter to indicate whether libc
> - *	should enable secure mode.
> + *	should enable secure mode. Called before bprm_committing_creds(),
> + *	so pending credentials are in @bprm->cred.
>   *	@bprm contains the linux_binprm structure.
>   *
>   * Security hooks for filesystem operations.
> diff --git a/security/commoncap.c b/security/commoncap.c
> index 7abebd782d5e..482d3aac2fc6 100644
> --- a/security/commoncap.c
> +++ b/security/commoncap.c
> @@ -624,12 +624,10 @@ int cap_bprm_set_creds(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
>   * Determine whether a secure execution is required, return 1 if it is, and 0
>   * if it is not.
>   *
> - * The credentials have been committed by this point, and so are no longer
> - * available through @bprm->cred.
>   */
>  int cap_bprm_secureexec(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
>  {
> -	const struct cred *cred = current_cred();
> +	const struct cred *cred = bprm->cred;
>  	kuid_t root_uid = make_kuid(cred->user_ns, 0);
>  
>  	if (!uid_eq(cred->uid, root_uid)) {
> diff --git a/security/selinux/hooks.c b/security/selinux/hooks.c
> index 819fd6858b49..9381c8474cf4 100644
> --- a/security/selinux/hooks.c
> +++ b/security/selinux/hooks.c
> @@ -2420,7 +2420,7 @@ static int selinux_bprm_set_creds(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
>  
>  static int selinux_bprm_secureexec(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
>  {
> -	const struct task_security_struct *tsec = current_security();
> +	const struct task_security_struct *tsec = bprm->cred->security;
>  	u32 sid, osid;
>  	int atsecure = 0;
>  
> diff --git a/security/smack/smack_lsm.c b/security/smack/smack_lsm.c
> index 658f5d8c7e76..13cf9e66d5fe 100644
> --- a/security/smack/smack_lsm.c
> +++ b/security/smack/smack_lsm.c
> @@ -975,7 +975,7 @@ static void smack_bprm_committing_creds(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
>   */
>  static int smack_bprm_secureexec(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
>  {
> -	struct task_smack *tsp = current_security();
> +	struct task_smack *tsp = bprm->cred->security;
>  
>  	if (tsp->smk_task != tsp->smk_forked)
>  		return 1;
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[PATCH v2 2/8] exec: Move security_bprm_secureexec() earlier

[Kees Cook]

On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 1:57 AM, Eric W. Biederman
<ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
> Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> writes:
>
>> There are several places where exec needs to know if a privilege-gain has
>> happened. These should be using the results of security_bprm_secureexec()
>> but it is getting (needlessly) called very late.
>
> It is hard to tell at a glance but I believe this introduces a
> regression.
>
> cap_bprm_set_creds is currently called before cap_bprm_secureexec and
> it has a number of cases such as no_new_privs and ptrace that can result
> in some of the precomputed credential changes not happening.
>
> Without accounting for that I believe your cap_bprm_securexec now
> returns a postive value too early.

It's still before cap_bprm_secureexec. cap_brpm_set_creds() is in
prepare_binprm(), which is well before exec_binprm() and it's eventual
call to setup_new_exec().

-Kees

-- 
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[PATCH v2 2/8] exec: Move security_bprm_secureexec() earlier

[Kees Cook]

On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 10:18 AM, Eric W. Biederman
<ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
> Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> writes:
>
>> On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 1:57 AM, Eric W. Biederman
>> <ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
>>> Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> writes:
>>>
>>>> There are several places where exec needs to know if a privilege-gain has
>>>> happened. These should be using the results of security_bprm_secureexec()
>>>> but it is getting (needlessly) called very late.
>>>
>>> It is hard to tell at a glance but I believe this introduces a
>>> regression.
>>>
>>> cap_bprm_set_creds is currently called before cap_bprm_secureexec and
>>> it has a number of cases such as no_new_privs and ptrace that can result
>>> in some of the precomputed credential changes not happening.
>>>
>>> Without accounting for that I believe your cap_bprm_securexec now
>>> returns a postive value too early.
>>
>> It's still before cap_bprm_secureexec. cap_brpm_set_creds() is in
>> prepare_binprm(), which is well before exec_binprm() and it's eventual
>> call to setup_new_exec().
>
> Good point.  I didn't double check and the set in the name had me
> thinking it was setting the creds on current.
>
> Is there any reason we need a second security hook?  It feels like we
> should be able to just fold the secureexec hook into the set_creds hook.
>
> The two are so interrelated I fear that having them separate only
> encourages them to diverge in trivial ways as it is easy to forget about
> some detail or other.
>
> Certainly having them called from different functions seems wrong.  If
> we know enough in prepare_binprm we know enough.

Hmmm, yes. That would let us have the secureexec-ness knowledge before
copy_strings(), in case we ever need to make that logic
secureexec-aware.

I'll dig through the LSMs to examine the set_creds hooks to see if
this could be possible.

-Kees

-- 
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Pixel Security
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[PATCH v2 2/8] exec: Move security_bprm_secureexec() earlier

[Kees Cook]

On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 7:07 PM, Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> wrote:
> On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 10:18 AM, Eric W. Biederman
> <ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
>> Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> writes:
>>
>>> On Mon, Jul 10, 2017 at 1:57 AM, Eric W. Biederman
>>> <ebiederm@xmission.com> wrote:
>>>> Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> writes:
>>>>
>>>>> There are several places where exec needs to know if a privilege-gain has
>>>>> happened. These should be using the results of security_bprm_secureexec()
>>>>> but it is getting (needlessly) called very late.
>>>>
>>>> It is hard to tell at a glance but I believe this introduces a
>>>> regression.
>>>>
>>>> cap_bprm_set_creds is currently called before cap_bprm_secureexec and
>>>> it has a number of cases such as no_new_privs and ptrace that can result
>>>> in some of the precomputed credential changes not happening.
>>>>
>>>> Without accounting for that I believe your cap_bprm_securexec now
>>>> returns a postive value too early.
>>>
>>> It's still before cap_bprm_secureexec. cap_brpm_set_creds() is in
>>> prepare_binprm(), which is well before exec_binprm() and it's eventual
>>> call to setup_new_exec().
>>
>> Good point.  I didn't double check and the set in the name had me
>> thinking it was setting the creds on current.
>>
>> Is there any reason we need a second security hook?  It feels like we
>> should be able to just fold the secureexec hook into the set_creds hook.
>>
>> The two are so interrelated I fear that having them separate only
>> encourages them to diverge in trivial ways as it is easy to forget about
>> some detail or other.
>>
>> Certainly having them called from different functions seems wrong.  If
>> we know enough in prepare_binprm we know enough.
>
> Hmmm, yes. That would let us have the secureexec-ness knowledge before
> copy_strings(), in case we ever need to make that logic
> secureexec-aware.
>
> I'll dig through the LSMs to examine the set_creds hooks to see if
> this could be possible.

So, yes, after digging, this is very possible. In fact, it's highly
desirable. Both commoncaps and AppArmor save state into the bprm
struct between bprm_set_creds and bprm_secureexec explicitly to return
a sane value from bprm_secureexec. (And Smack and SELinux both have
trivial tests that just repeat from bprm_set_creds.)

I've reworked the series to just remove bprm_secureexec entirely. It
comes out nicely, removing more than it adds:

 14 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 144 deletions(-)

I'll send the patches in the morning (perhaps to go through -mm since
it touches fs/exec.c, binfmt_elf*.c, and security/).

-Kees

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[PATCH v2 3/8] exec: Use secureexec for setting dumpability

[Kees Cook]

The examination of "current" to decide dumpability is wrong. This was a
check of and euid/uid (or egid/gid) mismatch in the existing process,
not the newly created one. This appears to stretch back into even the
"history.git" tree. Luckily, dumpability is later set in commit_creds().
In earlier kernel versions before creds existed, similar checks also
existed late in the exec flow, covering up the mistake as far back as I
could find.

The commit_creds() check examines differences of euid, uid, egid, gid,
and capabilities between the old and new creds. It would look like
the setup_new_exec() dumpability test could be entirely removed, but
strictly speaking, the secureexec test covers a different set of tests
than what commit_creds() checks for. So, fix this test to use secureexec,
which includes the same logical check (euid != uid || egid != gid),
but checks bprm->cred, not current->cred.

One would wonder if we need a security_commit_creds() LSM hook and to
move the existing checks in commit_creds() into commoncaps.c, which
would allow expanding the logic to all LSMs. Currently this doesn't
seem needed, though.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 fs/exec.c | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index b92e37fb53aa..3e519d4f0bd3 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -1346,7 +1346,7 @@ void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
 
 	current->sas_ss_sp = current->sas_ss_size = 0;
 
-	if (uid_eq(current_euid(), current_uid()) && gid_eq(current_egid(), current_gid()))
+	if (!bprm->secureexec)
 		set_dumpable(current->mm, SUID_DUMP_USER);
 	else
 		set_dumpable(current->mm, suid_dumpable);
-- 
2.7.4

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[PATCH v2 4/8] exec: Use secureexec for clearing pdeath_signal

[Kees Cook]

Like dumpability, clearing pdeath_signal happens both in setup_new_exec()
and later in commit_creds(). The test in setup_new_exec() is different
from all other privilege comparisons, though: it is checking the new cred
(bprm) uid vs the old cred (current) euid. This appears to be a bug,
introduced by commit a6f76f23d297 ("CRED: Make execve() take advantage of
copy-on-write credentials"):

-       if (bprm->e_uid != current_euid() ||
-           bprm->e_gid != current_egid()) {
-               set_dumpable(current->mm, suid_dumpable);
+       /* install the new credentials */
+       if (bprm->cred->uid != current_euid() ||
+           bprm->cred->gid != current_egid()) {

It was bprm euid vs current euid (and egids), but the effective got
dropped. Nothing in the exec flow changes bprm->cred->uid (nor gid).
The call traces are:

	prepare_bprm_creds()
	    prepare_exec_creds()
	        prepare_creds()
	            memcpy(new_creds, old_creds, ...)
	            security_prepare_creds() (unimplemented by commoncap)
	...
	prepare_binprm()
	    bprm_fill_uid()
	        resets euid/egid to current euid/egid
	        sets euid/egid on bprm based on set*id file bits
	    security_bprm_set_creds()
		cap_bprm_set_creds()
		        handle all caps-based manipulations

so this test is effectively a test of current_uid() vs current_euid(),
which is wrong, just like the prior dumpability tests were wrong.

The commit log says "Clear pdeath_signal and set dumpable on
certain circumstances that may not be covered by commit_creds()." This
may be meaning the earlier old euid vs new euid (and egid) test that
got changed.

Luckily, as with dumpability, this is all masked by commit_creds()
which performs old/new euid and egid tests and clears pdeath_signal.

And again, like dumpability, we should include LSM secureexec logic for
pdeath_signal clearing. For example, Smack goes out of its way to clear
pdeath_signal when it finds a secureexec condition.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 fs/exec.c | 3 +--
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index 3e519d4f0bd3..d7bda5b60e7b 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -1361,8 +1361,7 @@ void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
 	 */
 	current->mm->task_size = TASK_SIZE;
 
-	if (!uid_eq(bprm->cred->uid, current_euid()) ||
-	    !gid_eq(bprm->cred->gid, current_egid())) {
+	if (bprm->secureexec) {
 		current->pdeath_signal = 0;
 	} else {
 		if (bprm->interp_flags & BINPRM_FLAGS_ENFORCE_NONDUMP)
-- 
2.7.4

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[PATCH v2 5/8] smack: Remove redundant pdeath_signal clearing

[Kees Cook]

This removes the redundant pdeath_signal clearing in Smack: the check in
smack_bprm_committing_creds() matches the check in smack_bprm_secureexec(),
and since secureexec is now being checked for clearing pdeath_signal, this
is redundant to the common exec code.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 security/smack/smack_lsm.c | 15 ---------------
 1 file changed, 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/security/smack/smack_lsm.c b/security/smack/smack_lsm.c
index 13cf9e66d5fe..4b10b782aecc 100644
--- a/security/smack/smack_lsm.c
+++ b/security/smack/smack_lsm.c
@@ -954,20 +954,6 @@ static int smack_bprm_set_creds(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
 }
 
 /**
- * smack_bprm_committing_creds - Prepare to install the new credentials
- * from bprm.
- *
- * @bprm: binprm for exec
- */
-static void smack_bprm_committing_creds(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
-{
-	struct task_smack *bsp = bprm->cred->security;
-
-	if (bsp->smk_task != bsp->smk_forked)
-		current->pdeath_signal = 0;
-}
-
-/**
  * smack_bprm_secureexec - Return the decision to use secureexec.
  * @bprm: binprm for exec
  *
@@ -4645,7 +4631,6 @@ static struct security_hook_list smack_hooks[] __lsm_ro_after_init = {
 	LSM_HOOK_INIT(sb_parse_opts_str, smack_parse_opts_str),
 
 	LSM_HOOK_INIT(bprm_set_creds, smack_bprm_set_creds),
-	LSM_HOOK_INIT(bprm_committing_creds, smack_bprm_committing_creds),
 	LSM_HOOK_INIT(bprm_secureexec, smack_bprm_secureexec),
 
 	LSM_HOOK_INIT(inode_alloc_security, smack_inode_alloc_security),
-- 
2.7.4

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[PATCH v2 6/8] exec: Consolidate dumpability logic

[Kees Cook]

Since it's already valid to set dumpability in the early part of
setup_new_exec(), we can consolidate the logic into a single place.
The BINPRM_FLAGS_ENFORCE_NONDUMP is set during would_dump() calls
before setup_new_exec(), so its test is safe to move as well.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 fs/exec.c | 11 +++++------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index d7bda5b60e7b..eeb8323977d1 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -1346,10 +1346,12 @@ void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
 
 	current->sas_ss_sp = current->sas_ss_size = 0;
 
-	if (!bprm->secureexec)
-		set_dumpable(current->mm, SUID_DUMP_USER);
-	else
+	/* Figure out dumpability. */
+	if (bprm->interp_flags & BINPRM_FLAGS_ENFORCE_NONDUMP ||
+	    bprm->secureexec)
 		set_dumpable(current->mm, suid_dumpable);
+	else
+		set_dumpable(current->mm, SUID_DUMP_USER);
 
 	arch_setup_new_exec();
 	perf_event_exec();
@@ -1363,9 +1365,6 @@ void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
 
 	if (bprm->secureexec) {
 		current->pdeath_signal = 0;
-	} else {
-		if (bprm->interp_flags & BINPRM_FLAGS_ENFORCE_NONDUMP)
-			set_dumpable(current->mm, suid_dumpable);
 	}
 
 	/* An exec changes our domain. We are no longer part of the thread
-- 
2.7.4

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[PATCH v2 7/8] exec: Consolidate pdeath_signal clearing

[Kees Cook]

Instead of an additional secureexec check for pdeath_signal, just move it
up into the initial secureexec test. Neither perf nor arch code touches
pdeath_signal, so the relocation shouldn't change anything.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 fs/exec.c | 7 +++----
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index eeb8323977d1..e0186db02f90 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -1340,6 +1340,9 @@ void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
 	if (security_bprm_secureexec(bprm)) {
 		/* Record for AT_SECURE. */
 		bprm->secureexec = 1;
+
+		/* Make sure parent cannot signal privileged process. */
+		current->pdeath_signal = 0;
 	}
 
 	arch_pick_mmap_layout(current->mm);
@@ -1363,10 +1366,6 @@ void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
 	 */
 	current->mm->task_size = TASK_SIZE;
 
-	if (bprm->secureexec) {
-		current->pdeath_signal = 0;
-	}
-
 	/* An exec changes our domain. We are no longer part of the thread
 	   group */
 	current->self_exec_id++;
-- 
2.7.4

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[PATCH v2 8/8] exec: Use sane stack rlimit under secureexec

[Kees Cook]

For a secureexec, before memory layout selection has happened, reset the
stack rlimit to something sane to avoid the caller having control over
the resulting layouts.

$ ulimit -s
8192
$ ulimit -s unlimited
$ /bin/sh -c 'ulimit -s'
unlimited
$ sudo /bin/sh -c 'ulimit -s'
8192

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 fs/exec.c | 10 ++++++++++
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+)

diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index e0186db02f90..1e3463854a16 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -1343,6 +1343,16 @@ void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
 
 		/* Make sure parent cannot signal privileged process. */
 		current->pdeath_signal = 0;
+
+		/*
+		 * For secureexec, reset the stack limit to sane default to
+		 * avoid bad behavior from the prior rlimits. This has to
+		 * happen before arch_pick_mmap_layout(), which examines
+		 * RLIMIT_STACK, but after the point of no return to avoid
+		 * needing to clean up the change on failure.
+		 */
+		if (current->signal->rlim[RLIMIT_STACK].rlim_cur > _STK_LIM)
+			current->signal->rlim[RLIMIT_STACK].rlim_cur = _STK_LIM;
 	}
 
 	arch_pick_mmap_layout(current->mm);
-- 
2.7.4

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