[PATCH v2 00/13] perf/hw_breakpoint: Optimize for thousands of tasks

Marco Elver
2022-06-28T09:59:07Z

The hw_breakpoint subsystem's code has seen little change in over 10
years. In that time, systems with >100s of CPUs have become common,
along with improvements to the perf subsystem: using breakpoints on
thousands of concurrent tasks should be a supported usecase.

The breakpoint constraints accounting algorithm is the major bottleneck
in doing so:

1. toggle_bp_slot() and fetch_bp_busy_slots() are O(#cpus * #tasks):
Both iterate through all CPUs and call task_bp_pinned(), which is
O(#tasks).

2. Everything is serialized on a global mutex, 'nr_bp_mutex'.

The series progresses with the simpler optimizations and finishes with
the more complex optimizations:

1. We first optimize task_bp_pinned() to only take O(1) on average.

2. Rework synchronization to allow concurrency when checking and
updating breakpoint constraints for tasks.

3. Eliminate the O(#cpus) loops in the CPU-independent case.

Along the way, smaller micro-optimizations and cleanups are done as they
seemed obvious when staring at the code (but likely insignificant).

The result is (on a system with 256 CPUs) that we go from:

| $> perf bench -r 30 breakpoint thread -b 4 -p 64 -t 64
[ ^ more aggressive benchmark parameters took too long ]
| # Running 'breakpoint/thread' benchmark:
| # Created/joined 30 threads with 4 breakpoints and 64 parallelism
| Total time: 236.418 [sec]
|
| 123134.794271 usecs/op
| 7880626.833333 usecs/op/cpu

... to the following with all optimizations:

| $> perf bench -r 30 breakpoint thread -b 4 -p 64 -t 64
| Total time: 0.067 [sec]
|
| 35.292187 usecs/op
| 2258.700000 usecs/op/cpu

On the used test system, that's an effective speedup of ~3490x per op.

Which is on par with the theoretical ideal performance through
optimizations in hw_breakpoint.c (constraints accounting disabled), and
only 12% slower than no breakpoints at all.

Changelog
---------

v2:
* Add KUnit test suite.
* Remove struct bp_busy_slots and simplify functions.
* Add "powerpc/hw_breakpoint: Avoid relying on caller synchronization".
* Add "locking/percpu-rwsem: Add percpu_is_write_locked() and percpu_is_read_locked()".
* Use percpu-rwsem instead of rwlock.
* Use task_struct::perf_event_mutex instead of sharded mutex.
* Drop v1 "perf/hw_breakpoint: Optimize task_bp_pinned() if CPU-independent".
* Add "perf/hw_breakpoint: Introduce bp_slots_histogram".
* Add "perf/hw_breakpoint: Optimize max_bp_pinned_slots() for CPU-independent task targets".
* Add "perf/hw_breakpoint: Optimize toggle_bp_slot() for CPU-independent task targets".
* Apply Acked-by/Reviewed-by given in v1 for unchanged patches.
==> Speedup of ~3490x (vs. ~3315x in v1).

v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20220609113046.780504-1-elver@google.com/

Marco Elver (13):
perf/hw_breakpoint: Add KUnit test for constraints accounting
perf/hw_breakpoint: Clean up headers
perf/hw_breakpoint: Optimize list of per-task breakpoints
perf/hw_breakpoint: Mark data __ro_after_init
perf/hw_breakpoint: Optimize constant number of breakpoint slots
perf/hw_breakpoint: Make hw_breakpoint_weight() inlinable
perf/hw_breakpoint: Remove useless code related to flexible
breakpoints
powerpc/hw_breakpoint: Avoid relying on caller synchronization
locking/percpu-rwsem: Add percpu_is_write_locked() and
percpu_is_read_locked()
perf/hw_breakpoint: Reduce contention with large number of tasks
perf/hw_breakpoint: Introduce bp_slots_histogram
perf/hw_breakpoint: Optimize max_bp_pinned_slots() for CPU-independent
task targets
perf/hw_breakpoint: Optimize toggle_bp_slot() for CPU-independent task
targets

arch/powerpc/kernel/hw_breakpoint.c | 53 ++-
arch/sh/include/asm/hw_breakpoint.h | 5 +-
arch/x86/include/asm/hw_breakpoint.h | 5 +-
include/linux/hw_breakpoint.h | 1 -
include/linux/percpu-rwsem.h | 6 +
include/linux/perf_event.h | 3 +-
kernel/events/Makefile | 1 +
kernel/events/hw_breakpoint.c | 594 ++++++++++++++++++++-------
kernel/events/hw_breakpoint_test.c | 321 +++++++++++++++
kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c | 6 +
lib/Kconfig.debug | 10 +
11 files changed, 826 insertions(+), 179 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 kernel/events/hw_breakpoint_test.c

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2.37.0.rc0.161.g10f37bed90-goog