[PATCH v4 1/6] media: v4l2: Add NV15 and NV20 pixel formats

Detlev Casanova
2025-03-25T21:33:19Z

From: Jonas Karlman <jonas@kwiboo.se>

Add NV15 and NV20 pixel formats used by the Rockchip Video Decoder for
10-bit buffers.

NV15 and NV20 is 10-bit 4:2:0/4:2:2 semi-planar YUV formats similar to
NV12 and NV16, using 10-bit components with no padding between each
component. Instead, a group of 4 luminance/chrominance samples are
stored over 5 bytes in little endian order:

YYYY = UVUV = 4 * 10 bits = 40 bits = 5 bytes

The '15' and '20' suffix refers to the optimum effective bits per pixel
which is achieved when the total number of luminance samples is a
multiple of 8 for NV15 and 4 for NV20.

Signed-off-by: Jonas Karlman <jonas@kwiboo.se>
Tested-by: Nicolas Dufresne <nicolas.dufresne@collabora.com>
Tested-by: Christopher Obbard <chris.obbard@collabora.com>
---
.../media/v4l/pixfmt-yuv-planar.rst | 128 ++++++++++++++++++
drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-common.c | 2 +
drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-ioctl.c | 2 +
include/uapi/linux/videodev2.h | 2 +
4 files changed, 134 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Documentation/userspace-api/media/v4l/pixfmt-yuv-planar.rst b/Documentation/userspace-api/media/v4l/pixfmt-yuv-planar.rst
index b788f69338554..22cad8c9726bf 100644
--- a/Documentation/userspace-api/media/v4l/pixfmt-yuv-planar.rst
+++ b/Documentation/userspace-api/media/v4l/pixfmt-yuv-planar.rst
@@ -79,6 +79,13 @@ All components are stored with the same number of bits per component.
- Cr, Cb
- Yes
- Linear
+ * - V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV15
+ - 'NV15'
+ - 10
+ - 4:2:0
+ - Cb, Cr
+ - Yes
+ - Linear
* - V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12M
- 'NM12'
- 8
@@ -172,6 +179,13 @@ All components are stored with the same number of bits per component.
- Cr, Cb
- Yes
- Linear
+ * - V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV20
+ - 'NV20'
+ - 10
+ - 4:2:2
+ - Cb, Cr
+ - Yes
+ - Linear
* - V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16M
- 'NM16'
- 8
@@ -302,6 +316,57 @@ of the luma plane.
- Cr\ :sub:`11`

+.. _V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV15:
+
+NV15
+----
+
+Semi-planar 10-bit YUV 4:2:0 format similar to NV12, using 10-bit components
+with no padding between each component. A group of 4 components are stored over
+5 bytes in little endian order.
+
+.. flat-table:: Sample 4x4 NV15 Image (1 byte per cell)
+ :header-rows: 0
+ :stub-columns: 0
+
+ * - start + 0:
+ - Y'\ :sub:`00[7:0]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`01[5:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`00[9:8]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`02[3:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`01[9:6]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`03[1:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`02[9:4]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`03[9:2]`
+ * - start + 5:
+ - Y'\ :sub:`10[7:0]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`11[5:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`10[9:8]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`12[3:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`11[9:6]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`13[1:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`12[9:4]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`13[9:2]`
+ * - start + 10:
+ - Y'\ :sub:`20[7:0]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`21[5:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`20[9:8]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`22[3:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`21[9:6]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`23[1:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`22[9:4]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`23[9:2]`
+ * - start + 15:
+ - Y'\ :sub:`30[7:0]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`31[5:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`30[9:8]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`32[3:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`31[9:6]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`33[1:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`32[9:4]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`33[9:2]`
+ * - start + 20:
+ - Cb\ :sub:`00[7:0]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`00[5:0]`\ Cb\ :sub:`00[9:8]`
+ - Cb\ :sub:`01[3:0]`\ Cr\ :sub:`00[9:6]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`01[1:0]`\ Cb\ :sub:`01[9:4]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`01[9:2]`
+ * - start + 25:
+ - Cb\ :sub:`10[7:0]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`10[5:0]`\ Cb\ :sub:`10[9:8]`
+ - Cb\ :sub:`11[3:0]`\ Cr\ :sub:`10[9:6]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`11[1:0]`\ Cb\ :sub:`11[9:4]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`11[9:2]`
+
+
.. _V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV12MT:
.. _V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV12MT-16X16:
.. _V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV12-4L4:
@@ -631,6 +696,69 @@ number of lines as the luma plane.
- Cr\ :sub:`32`

+.. _V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV20:
+
+NV20
+----
+
+Semi-planar 10-bit YUV 4:2:2 format similar to NV16, using 10-bit components
+with no padding between each component. A group of 4 components are stored over
+5 bytes in little endian order.
+
+.. flat-table:: Sample 4x4 NV20 Image (1 byte per cell)
+ :header-rows: 0
+ :stub-columns: 0
+
+ * - start + 0:
+ - Y'\ :sub:`00[7:0]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`01[5:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`00[9:8]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`02[3:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`01[9:6]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`03[1:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`02[9:4]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`03[9:2]`
+ * - start + 5:
+ - Y'\ :sub:`10[7:0]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`11[5:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`10[9:8]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`12[3:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`11[9:6]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`13[1:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`12[9:4]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`13[9:2]`
+ * - start + 10:
+ - Y'\ :sub:`20[7:0]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`21[5:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`20[9:8]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`22[3:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`21[9:6]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`23[1:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`22[9:4]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`23[9:2]`
+ * - start + 15:
+ - Y'\ :sub:`30[7:0]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`31[5:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`30[9:8]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`32[3:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`31[9:6]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`33[1:0]`\ Y'\ :sub:`32[9:4]`
+ - Y'\ :sub:`33[9:2]`
+ * - start + 20:
+ - Cb\ :sub:`00[7:0]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`00[5:0]`\ Cb\ :sub:`00[9:8]`
+ - Cb\ :sub:`01[3:0]`\ Cr\ :sub:`00[9:6]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`01[1:0]`\ Cb\ :sub:`01[9:4]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`01[9:2]`
+ * - start + 25:
+ - Cb\ :sub:`10[7:0]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`10[5:0]`\ Cb\ :sub:`10[9:8]`
+ - Cb\ :sub:`11[3:0]`\ Cr\ :sub:`10[9:6]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`11[1:0]`\ Cb\ :sub:`11[9:4]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`11[9:2]`
+ * - start + 30:
+ - Cb\ :sub:`20[7:0]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`20[5:0]`\ Cb\ :sub:`20[9:8]`
+ - Cb\ :sub:`21[3:0]`\ Cr\ :sub:`20[9:6]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`21[1:0]`\ Cb\ :sub:`21[9:4]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`21[9:2]`
+ * - start + 35:
+ - Cb\ :sub:`30[7:0]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`30[5:0]`\ Cb\ :sub:`30[9:8]`
+ - Cb\ :sub:`31[3:0]`\ Cr\ :sub:`30[9:6]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`31[1:0]`\ Cb\ :sub:`31[9:4]`
+ - Cr\ :sub:`31[9:2]`
+
+
.. _V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV24:
.. _V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV42:

diff --git a/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-common.c b/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-common.c
index 0a2f4f0d0a073..d86d54c22fdb0 100644
--- a/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-common.c
+++ b/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-common.c
@@ -277,8 +277,10 @@ const struct v4l2_format_info *v4l2_format_info(u32 format)
/* YUV planar formats */
{ .format = V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12, .pixel_enc = V4L2_PIXEL_ENC_YUV, .mem_planes = 1, .comp_planes = 2, .bpp = { 1, 2, 0, 0 }, .bpp_div = { 1, 1, 1, 1 }, .hdiv = 2, .vdiv = 2 },
{ .format = V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21, .pixel_enc = V4L2_PIXEL_ENC_YUV, .mem_planes = 1, .comp_planes = 2, .bpp = { 1, 2, 0, 0 }, .bpp_div = { 1, 1, 1, 1 }, .hdiv = 2, .vdiv = 2 },
+ { .format = V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV15, .pixel_enc = V4L2_PIXEL_ENC_YUV, .mem_planes = 1, .comp_planes = 2, .bpp = { 5, 10, 0, 0 }, .bpp_div = { 4, 4, 1, 1 }, .hdiv = 2, .vdiv = 2 },
{ .format = V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16, .pixel_enc = V4L2_PIXEL_ENC_YUV, .mem_planes = 1, .comp_planes = 2, .bpp = { 1, 2, 0, 0 }, .bpp_div = { 1, 1, 1, 1 }, .hdiv = 2, .vdiv = 1 },
{ .format = V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61, .pixel_enc = V4L2_PIXEL_ENC_YUV, .mem_planes = 1, .comp_planes = 2, .bpp = { 1, 2, 0, 0 }, .bpp_div = { 1, 1, 1, 1 }, .hdiv = 2, .vdiv = 1 },
+ { .format = V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV20, .pixel_enc = V4L2_PIXEL_ENC_YUV, .mem_planes = 1, .comp_planes = 2, .bpp = { 5, 10, 0, 0 }, .bpp_div = { 4, 4, 1, 1 }, .hdiv = 2, .vdiv = 1 },
{ .format = V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV24, .pixel_enc = V4L2_PIXEL_ENC_YUV, .mem_planes = 1, .comp_planes = 2, .bpp = { 1, 2, 0, 0 }, .bpp_div = { 1, 1, 1, 1 }, .hdiv = 1, .vdiv = 1 },
{ .format = V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV42, .pixel_enc = V4L2_PIXEL_ENC_YUV, .mem_planes = 1, .comp_planes = 2, .bpp = { 1, 2, 0, 0 }, .bpp_div = { 1, 1, 1, 1 }, .hdiv = 1, .vdiv = 1 },
{ .format = V4L2_PIX_FMT_P010, .pixel_enc = V4L2_PIXEL_ENC_YUV, .mem_planes = 1, .comp_planes = 2, .bpp = { 2, 2, 0, 0 }, .bpp_div = { 1, 1, 1, 1 }, .hdiv = 2, .vdiv = 1 },
diff --git a/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-ioctl.c b/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-ioctl.c
index 0304daa8471d1..864cd2939222e 100644
--- a/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-ioctl.c
+++ b/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-ioctl.c
@@ -1361,8 +1361,10 @@ static void v4l_fill_fmtdesc(struct v4l2_fmtdesc *fmt)
case V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV48_12: descr = "12-bit YUV 4:4:4 Packed"; break;
case V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12: descr = "Y/UV 4:2:0"; break;
case V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21: descr = "Y/VU 4:2:0"; break;
+ case V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV15: descr = "10-bit Y/UV 4:2:0 (Packed)"; break;
case V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16: descr = "Y/UV 4:2:2"; break;
case V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61: descr = "Y/VU 4:2:2"; break;
+ case V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV20: descr = "10-bit Y/UV 4:2:2 (Packed)"; break;
case V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV24: descr = "Y/UV 4:4:4"; break;
case V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV42: descr = "Y/VU 4:4:4"; break;
case V4L2_PIX_FMT_P010: descr = "10-bit Y/UV 4:2:0"; break;
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/videodev2.h b/include/uapi/linux/videodev2.h
index e7c4dce390074..700e7033b88e6 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/videodev2.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/videodev2.h
@@ -643,8 +643,10 @@ struct v4l2_pix_format {
/* two planes -- one Y, one Cr + Cb interleaved */
#define V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12 v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '1', '2') /* 12 Y/CbCr 4:2:0 */
#define V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21 v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '2', '1') /* 12 Y/CrCb 4:2:0 */
+#define V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV15 v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '1', '5') /* 15 Y/CbCr 4:2:0 10-bit packed */
#define V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16 v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '1', '6') /* 16 Y/CbCr 4:2:2 */
#define V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61 v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '6', '1') /* 16 Y/CrCb 4:2:2 */
+#define V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV20 v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '2', '0') /* 20 Y/CbCr 4:2:2 10-bit packed */
#define V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV24 v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '2', '4') /* 24 Y/CbCr 4:4:4 */
#define V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV42 v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '4', '2') /* 24 Y/CrCb 4:4:4 */
#define V4L2_PIX_FMT_P010 v4l2_fourcc('P', '0', '1', '0') /* 24 Y/CbCr 4:2:0 10-bit per component */
--
2.49.0