[RFC PATCH v1 22/25] unwind_user/eh_frame/x86: Handle DRAP expressions

[Jens Remus <jremus@linux.ibm.com>]

GCC uses DRAP (Dynamic Realign Argument Pointer) when the stack needs
to be dynamically realigned (e.g. for aligned local variables).  This
uses DWARF expressions to describe how to unwind through such frames.

Add x86-specific handling for the CFA and FP expressions patterns:

1. CFA expression (DW_OP_breg<FP> + offset, DW_OP_deref):
   - Semantics: CFA = *(FP + offset)
   - Restores the CFA from the saved SP at FP-4 (i386) or FP-8 (x86-64).

2. FP expression (DW_OP_breg<FP> +0):
   - Semantics: FP = *(FP + 0)
   - Restores FP from DRAP location (FP+0).

The implementation uses mask-based pattern matching similar to the
existing x86 PLT expression support.

Signed-off-by: Jens Remus <jremus@linux.ibm.com>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/unwind_user_eh_frame.h | 65 +++++++++++++++++++++
 include/linux/unwind_user_eh_frame_types.h  |  4 ++
 kernel/unwind/eh_frame.c                    | 57 ++++++++++++++----
 3 files changed, 115 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/unwind_user_eh_frame.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/unwind_user_eh_frame.h
index 8268eb1a0ff5..670740cdbd8c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/unwind_user_eh_frame.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/unwind_user_eh_frame.h
@@ -79,10 +79,75 @@ static inline int eh_frame_do_def_cfa_expression(const char *expr,
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * DRAP (Dynamic Realignment Pointer) CFA expression:
+	 *
+	 * DW_OP_breg<FP> + <FP_offset>	// 5 (EBP) - 4 or 6 (RBP) - 8
+	 * DW_OP_deref
+	 *
+	 * CFA = *(FP + FP_offset)
+	 */
+	static const char drap_expr[] = {0x70, 0x00, 0x06};
+	static const char drap_mask[] = {0xf0, 0x80, 0xff};
+
+	if (size == sizeof(drap_expr) &&
+	    !memcmp_masked(expr, drap_expr, drap_mask, sizeof(drap_expr))) {
+		unsigned char fp_reg = DW_OP_breg_register(expr[0]);
+		unsigned char fp_offset_byte = expr[1];
+		long fp_offset;
+
+		if (fp_reg != EH_FRAME_REG_FP)
+			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+		fp_offset = (long)(fp_offset_byte);
+		if (fp_offset_byte & 0x40)
+			fp_offset |= -(1L << 7);	/* Sign extend */
+
+		/* CFA = *(FP + offset) */
+		reg_state->cfa_rule = CFA_REG_OFFSET_DEREF;
+		reg_state->cfa_regnum = EH_FRAME_REG_FP;
+		reg_state->cfa_offset = fp_offset;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 }
 #define eh_frame_do_def_cfa_expression eh_frame_do_def_cfa_expression
 
+static inline int eh_frame_do_expression(unsigned int reg,
+					 const char *expr,
+					 int size,
+					 unsigned long ip,
+					 struct eh_frame_reg_state *reg_state)
+{
+	/*
+	 * DRAP (Dynamic Realignment Pointer) FP expression:
+	 *
+	 * DW_OP_breg<FP> +0	// 5 (EBP) or 6 (RBP)
+	 *
+	 * FP = *(FP + 0)
+	 */
+	static const char drap_fp_expr[] = {0x70, 0x00};
+	static const char drap_fp_mask[] = {0xf0, 0xff};
+
+	if (reg == EH_FRAME_REG_FP && size == sizeof(drap_fp_expr) &&
+	    !memcmp_masked(expr, drap_fp_expr, drap_fp_mask, sizeof(drap_fp_expr))) {
+		unsigned char fp_reg = DW_OP_breg_register(expr[0]);
+
+		if (fp_reg != EH_FRAME_REG_FP)
+			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+		/* FP = *(FP + 0) */
+		reg_state->reg_rule[FP_IDX] = REG_REGISTER_OFFSET_DEREF;
+		reg_state->reg_regnum[FP_IDX] = EH_FRAME_REG_FP;
+		reg_state->reg_offset[FP_IDX] = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+}
+#define eh_frame_do_expression eh_frame_do_expression
+
 #include <asm-generic/unwind_user_eh_frame.h>
 
 #endif /* _ASM_X86_UNWIND_USER_EH_FRAME_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/unwind_user_eh_frame_types.h b/include/linux/unwind_user_eh_frame_types.h
index e9f9d1abb76f..9547e963bb5f 100644
--- a/include/linux/unwind_user_eh_frame_types.h
+++ b/include/linux/unwind_user_eh_frame_types.h
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 enum eh_frame_cfa_rule {
 	CFA_UNDEFINED,		/* unrecoverable */
 	CFA_REG_OFFSET,		/* CFA = reg + offset */
+	/* CFA expressions rules */
+	CFA_REG_OFFSET_DEREF,	/* CFA = *(reg + offset) */
 };
 
 enum eh_frame_reg_rule {
@@ -14,6 +16,8 @@ enum eh_frame_reg_rule {
 	REG_OFFSET,		/* reg = *(CFA + offset) */
 	REG_VAL_OFFSET,		/* reg = CFA + offset */
 	REG_REGISTER,		/* reg = other_reg */
+	/* expressions rules */
+	REG_REGISTER_OFFSET_DEREF,	/* reg = *(other_reg + offset) */
 };
 
 enum eh_frame_reg_index {
diff --git a/kernel/unwind/eh_frame.c b/kernel/unwind/eh_frame.c
index 19e2bc96ddbc..49e8a3e8d794 100644
--- a/kernel/unwind/eh_frame.c
+++ b/kernel/unwind/eh_frame.c
@@ -1120,18 +1120,33 @@ static __always_inline int __find_frame_row(struct eh_frame_section *sec,
 		return ret;
 
 	/* Convert CFA rule */
-	if (ctx.state.cfa_rule != CFA_REG_OFFSET)
+	switch (ctx.state.cfa_rule) {
+	case CFA_REG_OFFSET:
+		if (ctx.state.cfa_regnum == EH_FRAME_REG_SP)
+			frame->cfa.rule = UNWIND_USER_CFA_RULE_SP_OFFSET;
+		else if (ctx.state.cfa_regnum == EH_FRAME_REG_FP)
+			frame->cfa.rule = UNWIND_USER_CFA_RULE_FP_OFFSET;
+		else {
+			if (ctx.state.cfa_regnum > UINT_MAX)
+				return -EINVAL;
+			frame->cfa.rule = UNWIND_USER_CFA_RULE_REG_OFFSET;
+			frame->cfa.regnum = ctx.state.cfa_regnum;
+		}
+		break;
+	case CFA_REG_OFFSET_DEREF:
+		if (ctx.state.cfa_regnum == EH_FRAME_REG_SP)
+			frame->cfa.rule = UNWIND_USER_CFA_RULE_SP_OFFSET_DEREF;
+		else if (ctx.state.cfa_regnum == EH_FRAME_REG_FP)
+			frame->cfa.rule = UNWIND_USER_CFA_RULE_FP_OFFSET_DEREF;
+		else {
+			if (ctx.state.cfa_regnum > UINT_MAX)
+				return -EINVAL;
+			frame->cfa.rule = UNWIND_USER_CFA_RULE_REG_OFFSET_DEREF;
+			frame->cfa.regnum = ctx.state.cfa_regnum;
+		}
+		break;
+	default:
 		return -EINVAL;
-
-	if (ctx.state.cfa_regnum == EH_FRAME_REG_SP)
-		frame->cfa.rule = UNWIND_USER_CFA_RULE_SP_OFFSET;
-	else if (ctx.state.cfa_regnum == EH_FRAME_REG_FP)
-		frame->cfa.rule = UNWIND_USER_CFA_RULE_FP_OFFSET;
-	else {
-		if (ctx.state.cfa_regnum > UINT_MAX)
-			return -EINVAL;
-		frame->cfa.rule = UNWIND_USER_CFA_RULE_REG_OFFSET;
-		frame->cfa.regnum = ctx.state.cfa_regnum;
 	}
 
 	if (ctx.state.cfa_offset < INT_MIN ||
@@ -1172,6 +1187,16 @@ static __always_inline int __find_frame_row(struct eh_frame_section *sec,
 		frame->ra.regnum = ctx.state.reg_regnum[RA_IDX];
 		frame->ra.offset = 0;
 		break;
+	case REG_REGISTER_OFFSET_DEREF:
+		if (ctx.state.reg_regnum[RA_IDX] > UINT_MAX)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		if (ctx.state.reg_offset[RA_IDX] < INT_MIN ||
+		    ctx.state.reg_offset[RA_IDX] > INT_MAX)
+			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+		frame->ra.rule = UNWIND_USER_RULE_REG_OFFSET_DEREF;
+		frame->ra.regnum = ctx.state.reg_regnum[RA_IDX];
+		frame->ra.offset = ctx.state.reg_offset[RA_IDX];
+		break;
 	default:
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
@@ -1206,6 +1231,16 @@ static __always_inline int __find_frame_row(struct eh_frame_section *sec,
 		frame->fp.regnum = ctx.state.reg_regnum[FP_IDX];
 		frame->fp.offset = 0;
 		break;
+	case REG_REGISTER_OFFSET_DEREF:
+		if (ctx.state.reg_regnum[FP_IDX] > UINT_MAX)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		if (ctx.state.reg_offset[FP_IDX] < INT_MIN ||
+		    ctx.state.reg_offset[FP_IDX] > INT_MAX)
+			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+		frame->fp.rule = UNWIND_USER_RULE_REG_OFFSET_DEREF;
+		frame->fp.regnum = ctx.state.reg_regnum[FP_IDX];
+		frame->fp.offset = ctx.state.reg_offset[FP_IDX];
+		break;
 	default:
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
-- 
2.53.0