[PATCH] mm/page_alloc: add tracepoint for PCP refills

Bunyod Suvonov
2026-04-25T09:14:09Z

The page allocator already has mm_page_pcpu_drain to trace pages
drained from the per-cpu page lists back to the buddy allocator. There
is no matching tracepoint for the opposite direction, where
rmqueue_bulk() refills a PCP list from the buddy allocator.

mm_page_alloc_zone_locked is not a good substitute for this. It is
emitted from __rmqueue_smallest(), which is used both by rmqueue_bulk()
and by the direct buddy allocation path. Its percpu_refill field is
derived from the allocation order and migratetype, so it does not
reliably identify whether the allocation came from a PCP refill.

Add mm_page_pcpu_refill and emit it from rmqueue_bulk() for each page
added to the PCP list. The new tracepoint uses the same page, order and
migratetype fields as mm_page_pcpu_drain, making refill and drain
activity directly comparable.

Signed-off-by: Bunyod Suvonov <b.suvonov@sjtu.edu.cn>
---
include/trace/events/kmem.h | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
mm/page_alloc.c | 1 +
2 files changed, 24 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/trace/events/kmem.h b/include/trace/events/kmem.h
index cd7920c81f85..16985604fc51 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/kmem.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/kmem.h
@@ -243,6 +243,29 @@ DEFINE_EVENT(mm_page, mm_page_alloc_zone_locked,
TP_ARGS(page, order, migratetype, percpu_refill)
);

+TRACE_EVENT(mm_page_pcpu_refill,
+
+ TP_PROTO(struct page *page, unsigned int order, int migratetype),
+
+ TP_ARGS(page, order, migratetype),
+
+ TP_STRUCT__entry(
+ __field( unsigned long, pfn )
+ __field( unsigned int, order )
+ __field( int, migratetype )
+ ),
+
+ TP_fast_assign(
+ __entry->pfn = page ? page_to_pfn(page) : -1UL;
+ __entry->order = order;
+ __entry->migratetype = migratetype;
+ ),
+
+ TP_printk("page=%p pfn=0x%lx order=%d migratetype=%d",
+ pfn_to_page(__entry->pfn), __entry->pfn,
+ __entry->order, __entry->migratetype)
+);
+
TRACE_EVENT(mm_page_pcpu_drain,

TP_PROTO(struct page *page, unsigned int order, int migratetype),
diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
index 65e205111553..a60b73ed39a4 100644
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -2544,6 +2544,7 @@ static int rmqueue_bulk(struct zone *zone, unsigned int order,
* pages are ordered properly.
*/
list_add_tail(&page->pcp_list, list);
+ trace_mm_page_pcpu_refill(page, order, migratetype);
}
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lock, flags);

--
2.53.0