[PATCH v2 00/10] x86/module: rework ROX cache to avoid writable copy

[PATCH v2 00/10] x86/module: rework ROX cache to avoid writable copy

[Mike Rapoport]

From: "Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)" <rppt@kernel.org>

Hi,

Following Peter's comments [1] these patches rework handling of ROX caches
for module text allocations. 

Instead of using a writable copy that really complicates alternatives
patching, temporarily remap parts of a large ROX page as RW for the time of
module formation and then restore it's ROX protections when the module is
ready.

To keep the ROX memory mapped with large pages, make set_memory_rox()
capable of restoring large pages (more details are in patch 3).

Since this is really about x86, I believe this should go in via tip tree.

The patches also available in git
https://git.kernel.org/rppt/h/execmem/x86-rox/v9

v2 changes:
* only collapse large mappings in set_memory_rox()
* simplify RW <-> ROX remapping
* don't remove ROX cache pages from the direct map (patch 4)

v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20241227072825.1288491-1-rppt@kernel.org

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20241209083818.GK8562@noisy.programming.kicks-ass.net

Kirill A. Shutemov (1):
  x86/mm/pat: restore large ROX pages after fragmentation

Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) (9):
  x86/mm/pat: cpa-test: fix length for CPA_ARRAY test
  x86/mm/pat: drop duplicate variable in cpa_flush()
  execmem: don't remove ROX cache from the direct map
  execmem: add API for temporal remapping as RW and restoring ROX afterwards
  module: introduce MODULE_STATE_GONE
  module: switch to execmem API for remapping as RW and restoring ROX
  Revert "x86/module: prepare module loading for ROX allocations of text"
  module: drop unused module_writable_address()
  x86: re-enable EXECMEM_ROX support

 arch/um/kernel/um_arch.c                      |  11 +-
 arch/x86/Kconfig                              |   1 +
 arch/x86/entry/vdso/vma.c                     |   3 +-
 arch/x86/include/asm/alternative.h            |  14 +-
 arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_types.h          |   2 +
 arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c                 | 181 ++++++--------
 arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c                      |  30 ++-
 arch/x86/kernel/module.c                      |  45 ++--
 arch/x86/mm/pat/cpa-test.c                    |   2 +-
 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c                  | 220 +++++++++++++++++-
 include/linux/execmem.h                       |  31 +++
 include/linux/module.h                        |  22 +-
 include/linux/moduleloader.h                  |   4 -
 include/linux/vm_event_item.h                 |   2 +
 kernel/module/kallsyms.c                      |   8 +-
 kernel/module/kdb.c                           |   2 +-
 kernel/module/main.c                          |  86 ++-----
 kernel/module/procfs.c                        |   2 +-
 kernel/module/strict_rwx.c                    |   9 +-
 kernel/tracepoint.c                           |   2 +
 lib/kunit/test.c                              |   2 +
 mm/execmem.c                                  |  39 ++--
 mm/vmstat.c                                   |   2 +
 samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-demo.c  |   1 +
 .../test_modules/test_klp_callbacks_demo.c    |   1 +
 .../test_modules/test_klp_callbacks_demo2.c   |   1 +
 .../livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_state.c   |   1 +
 .../livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_state2.c  |   1 +
 28 files changed, 442 insertions(+), 283 deletions(-)


base-commit: ffd294d346d185b70e28b1a28abe367bbfe53c04
-- 
2.45.2

[PATCH v2 01/10] x86/mm/pat: cpa-test: fix length for CPA_ARRAY test

[Mike Rapoport]

From: "Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)" <rppt@kernel.org>

The CPA_ARRAY test always uses len[1] as numpages argument to
change_page_attr_set() although the addresses array is different each
iteration of the test loop.

Replace len[1] with len[i] to have numpages matching the addresses array.

Fixes: ecc729f1f471 ("x86/mm/cpa: Add ARRAY and PAGES_ARRAY selftests")
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
---
 arch/x86/mm/pat/cpa-test.c | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/pat/cpa-test.c b/arch/x86/mm/pat/cpa-test.c
index 3d2f7f0a6ed1..ad3c1feec990 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/pat/cpa-test.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/pat/cpa-test.c
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ static int pageattr_test(void)
 			break;
 
 		case 1:
-			err = change_page_attr_set(addrs, len[1], PAGE_CPA_TEST, 1);
+			err = change_page_attr_set(addrs, len[i], PAGE_CPA_TEST, 1);
 			break;
 
 		case 2:
-- 
2.45.2

[PATCH v2 02/10] x86/mm/pat: drop duplicate variable in cpa_flush()

[Mike Rapoport]

From: "Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)" <rppt@kernel.org>

There is a 'struct cpa_data *data' parameter in cpa_flush() that is
assigned to a local 'struct cpa_data *cpa' variable.

Rename the parameter from 'data' to 'cpa' and drop declaration of the
local 'cpa' variable.

Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
---
 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c | 3 +--
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c b/arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c
index 95bc50a8541c..d43b919b11ae 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c
@@ -396,9 +396,8 @@ static void __cpa_flush_tlb(void *data)
 		flush_tlb_one_kernel(fix_addr(__cpa_addr(cpa, i)));
 }
 
-static void cpa_flush(struct cpa_data *data, int cache)
+static void cpa_flush(struct cpa_data *cpa, int cache)
 {
-	struct cpa_data *cpa = data;
 	unsigned int i;
 
 	BUG_ON(irqs_disabled() && !early_boot_irqs_disabled);
-- 
2.45.2

[PATCH v2 03/10] x86/mm/pat: restore large ROX pages after fragmentation

[Mike Rapoport]

From: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>

Change of attributes of the pages may lead to fragmentation of direct
mapping over time and performance degradation when these pages contain
executable code.

With current code it's one way road: kernel tries to avoid splitting
large pages, but it doesn't restore them back even if page attributes
got compatible again.

Any change to the mapping may potentially allow to restore large page.

Add a hook to cpa_flush() path that will check if the pages in the range
that were just touched can be mapped at PMD level. If the collapse at the
PMD level succeeded, also attempt to collapse PUD level.

The collapse logic runs only when a set_memory_ method explicitly sets
CPA_COLLAPSE flag, for now this is only enabled in set_memory_rox().

CPUs don't like[1] to have to have TLB entries of different size for the
same memory, but looks like it's okay as long as these entries have
matching attributes[2]. Therefore it's critical to flush TLB before any
following changes to the mapping.

Note that we already allow for multiple TLB entries of different sizes
for the same memory now in split_large_page() path. It's not a new
situation.

set_memory_4k() provides a way to use 4k pages on purpose. Kernel must
not remap such pages as large. Re-use one of software PTE bits to
indicate such pages.

[1] See Erratum 383 of AMD Family 10h Processors
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/1da1b025-cabc-6f04-bde5-e50830d1ecf0@amd.com/

[rppt@kernel.org:
 * s/restore/collapse/
 * update formatting per peterz
 * use 'struct ptdesc' instead of 'struct page' for list of page tables to
   be freed
 * try to collapse PMD first and if it succeeds move on to PUD as peterz
   suggested
 * flush TLB twice: for changes done in the original CPA call and after
   collapsing of large pages
 * update commit message
]

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20200416213229.19174-1-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Co-developed-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_types.h |   2 +
 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c         | 217 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 include/linux/vm_event_item.h        |   2 +
 mm/vmstat.c                          |   2 +
 4 files changed, 219 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_types.h
index 4b804531b03c..c90e9c51edb7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_types.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_types.h
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #define _PAGE_BIT_CPA_TEST	_PAGE_BIT_SOFTW1
 #define _PAGE_BIT_UFFD_WP	_PAGE_BIT_SOFTW2 /* userfaultfd wrprotected */
 #define _PAGE_BIT_SOFT_DIRTY	_PAGE_BIT_SOFTW3 /* software dirty tracking */
+#define _PAGE_BIT_KERNEL_4K	_PAGE_BIT_SOFTW3 /* page must not be converted to large */
 #define _PAGE_BIT_DEVMAP	_PAGE_BIT_SOFTW4
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@
 #define _PAGE_PAT_LARGE (_AT(pteval_t, 1) << _PAGE_BIT_PAT_LARGE)
 #define _PAGE_SPECIAL	(_AT(pteval_t, 1) << _PAGE_BIT_SPECIAL)
 #define _PAGE_CPA_TEST	(_AT(pteval_t, 1) << _PAGE_BIT_CPA_TEST)
+#define _PAGE_KERNEL_4K	(_AT(pteval_t, 1) << _PAGE_BIT_KERNEL_4K)
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_INTEL_MEMORY_PROTECTION_KEYS
 #define _PAGE_PKEY_BIT0	(_AT(pteval_t, 1) << _PAGE_BIT_PKEY_BIT0)
 #define _PAGE_PKEY_BIT1	(_AT(pteval_t, 1) << _PAGE_BIT_PKEY_BIT1)
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c b/arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c
index d43b919b11ae..18c233048706 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(cpa_lock);
 #define CPA_ARRAY 2
 #define CPA_PAGES_ARRAY 4
 #define CPA_NO_CHECK_ALIAS 8 /* Do not search for aliases */
+#define CPA_COLLAPSE 16 /* try to collapse large pages */
 
 static inline pgprot_t cachemode2pgprot(enum page_cache_mode pcm)
 {
@@ -107,6 +108,18 @@ static void split_page_count(int level)
 	direct_pages_count[level - 1] += PTRS_PER_PTE;
 }
 
+static void collapse_page_count(int level)
+{
+	direct_pages_count[level]++;
+	if (system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING) {
+		if (level == PG_LEVEL_2M)
+			count_vm_event(DIRECT_MAP_LEVEL2_COLLAPSE);
+		else if (level == PG_LEVEL_1G)
+			count_vm_event(DIRECT_MAP_LEVEL3_COLLAPSE);
+	}
+	direct_pages_count[level - 1] -= PTRS_PER_PTE;
+}
+
 void arch_report_meminfo(struct seq_file *m)
 {
 	seq_printf(m, "DirectMap4k:    %8lu kB\n",
@@ -124,6 +137,7 @@ void arch_report_meminfo(struct seq_file *m)
 }
 #else
 static inline void split_page_count(int level) { }
+static inline void collapse_page_count(int level) { }
 #endif
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CPA_STATISTICS
@@ -396,6 +410,40 @@ static void __cpa_flush_tlb(void *data)
 		flush_tlb_one_kernel(fix_addr(__cpa_addr(cpa, i)));
 }
 
+static int collapse_large_pages(unsigned long addr, struct list_head *pgtables);
+
+static void cpa_collapse_large_pages(struct cpa_data *cpa)
+{
+	unsigned long start, addr, end;
+	struct ptdesc *ptdesc, *tmp;
+	LIST_HEAD(pgtables);
+	int collapsed = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	if (cpa->flags & (CPA_PAGES_ARRAY | CPA_ARRAY)) {
+		for (i = 0; i < cpa->numpages; i++)
+			collapsed += collapse_large_pages(__cpa_addr(cpa, i),
+							  &pgtables);
+	} else {
+		addr = __cpa_addr(cpa, 0);
+		start = addr & PMD_MASK;
+		end = addr + PAGE_SIZE * cpa->numpages;
+
+		for (addr = start; within(addr, start, end); addr += PMD_SIZE)
+			collapsed += collapse_large_pages(addr, &pgtables);
+	}
+
+	if (!collapsed)
+		return;
+
+	flush_tlb_all();
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(ptdesc, tmp, &pgtables, pt_list) {
+		list_del(&ptdesc->pt_list);
+		__free_page(ptdesc_page(ptdesc));
+	}
+}
+
 static void cpa_flush(struct cpa_data *cpa, int cache)
 {
 	unsigned int i;
@@ -404,7 +452,7 @@ static void cpa_flush(struct cpa_data *cpa, int cache)
 
 	if (cache && !static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_CLFLUSH)) {
 		cpa_flush_all(cache);
-		return;
+		goto collapse_large_pages;
 	}
 
 	if (cpa->force_flush_all || cpa->numpages > tlb_single_page_flush_ceiling)
@@ -413,7 +461,7 @@ static void cpa_flush(struct cpa_data *cpa, int cache)
 		on_each_cpu(__cpa_flush_tlb, cpa, 1);
 
 	if (!cache)
-		return;
+		goto collapse_large_pages;
 
 	mb();
 	for (i = 0; i < cpa->numpages; i++) {
@@ -429,6 +477,10 @@ static void cpa_flush(struct cpa_data *cpa, int cache)
 			clflush_cache_range_opt((void *)fix_addr(addr), PAGE_SIZE);
 	}
 	mb();
+
+collapse_large_pages:
+	if (cpa->flags & CPA_COLLAPSE)
+		cpa_collapse_large_pages(cpa);
 }
 
 static bool overlaps(unsigned long r1_start, unsigned long r1_end,
@@ -1198,6 +1250,161 @@ static int split_large_page(struct cpa_data *cpa, pte_t *kpte,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int collapse_pmd_page(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
+			     struct list_head *pgtables)
+{
+	pmd_t _pmd, old_pmd;
+	pte_t *pte, first;
+	unsigned long pfn;
+	pgprot_t pgprot;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	addr &= PMD_MASK;
+	pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr);
+	first = *pte;
+	pfn = pte_pfn(first);
+
+	/* Make sure alignment is suitable */
+	if (PFN_PHYS(pfn) & ~PMD_MASK)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* The page is 4k intentionally */
+	if (pte_flags(first) & _PAGE_KERNEL_4K)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Check that the rest of PTEs are compatible with the first one */
+	for (i = 1, pte++; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++, pte++) {
+		pte_t entry = *pte;
+
+		if (!pte_present(entry))
+			return 0;
+		if (pte_flags(entry) != pte_flags(first))
+			return 0;
+		if (pte_pfn(entry) != pte_pfn(first) + i)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	old_pmd = *pmd;
+
+	/* Success: set up a large page */
+	pgprot = pgprot_4k_2_large(pte_pgprot(first));
+	pgprot_val(pgprot) |= _PAGE_PSE;
+	_pmd = pfn_pmd(pfn, pgprot);
+	set_pmd(pmd, _pmd);
+
+	/* Queue the page table to be freed after TLB flush */
+	list_add(&page_ptdesc(pmd_page(old_pmd))->pt_list, pgtables);
+
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_32) && !SHARED_KERNEL_PMD) {
+		struct page *page;
+
+		/* Update all PGD tables to use the same large page */
+		list_for_each_entry(page, &pgd_list, lru) {
+			pgd_t *pgd = (pgd_t *)page_address(page) + pgd_index(addr);
+			p4d_t *p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr);
+			pud_t *pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr);
+			pmd_t *pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
+			/* Something is wrong if entries doesn't match */
+			if (WARN_ON(pmd_val(old_pmd) != pmd_val(*pmd)))
+				continue;
+			set_pmd(pmd, _pmd);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (virt_addr_valid(addr) && pfn_range_is_mapped(pfn, pfn + 1))
+		collapse_page_count(PG_LEVEL_2M);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int collapse_pud_page(pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr,
+			     struct list_head *pgtables)
+{
+	unsigned long pfn;
+	pmd_t *pmd, first;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!direct_gbpages)
+		return 0;
+
+	addr &= PUD_MASK;
+	pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
+	first = *pmd;
+
+	/*
+	 * To restore PUD page all PMD entries must be large and
+	 * have suitable alignment
+	 */
+	pfn = pmd_pfn(first);
+	if (!pmd_leaf(first) || (PFN_PHYS(pfn) & ~PUD_MASK))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * To restore PUD page, all following PMDs must be compatible with the
+	 * first one.
+	 */
+	for (i = 1, pmd++; i < PTRS_PER_PMD; i++, pmd++) {
+		pmd_t entry = *pmd;
+
+		if (!pmd_present(entry) || !pmd_leaf(entry))
+			return 0;
+		if (pmd_flags(entry) != pmd_flags(first))
+			return 0;
+		if (pmd_pfn(entry) != pmd_pfn(first) + i * PTRS_PER_PTE)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Restore PUD page and queue page table to be freed after TLB flush */
+	list_add(&page_ptdesc(pud_page(*pud))->pt_list, pgtables);
+	set_pud(pud, pfn_pud(pfn, pmd_pgprot(first)));
+
+	if (virt_addr_valid(addr) && pfn_range_is_mapped(pfn, pfn + 1))
+		collapse_page_count(PG_LEVEL_1G);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Collapse PMD and PUD pages in the kernel mapping around the address where
+ * possible.
+ *
+ * Caller must flush TLB and free page tables queued on the list before
+ * touching the new entries. CPU must not see TLB entries of different size
+ * with different attributes.
+ */
+static int collapse_large_pages(unsigned long addr, struct list_head *pgtables)
+{
+	int collapsed = 0;
+	pgd_t *pgd;
+	p4d_t *p4d;
+	pud_t *pud;
+	pmd_t *pmd;
+
+	addr &= PMD_MASK;
+
+	spin_lock(&pgd_lock);
+	pgd = pgd_offset_k(addr);
+	if (pgd_none(*pgd))
+		goto out;
+	p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr);
+	if (p4d_none(*p4d))
+		goto out;
+	pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr);
+	if (!pud_present(*pud) || pud_leaf(*pud))
+		goto out;
+	pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
+	if (!pmd_present(*pmd) || pmd_leaf(*pmd))
+		goto out;
+
+	collapsed = collapse_pmd_page(pmd, addr, pgtables);
+	if (collapsed)
+		collapsed += collapse_pud_page(pud, addr, pgtables);
+
+out:
+	spin_unlock(&pgd_lock);
+	return collapsed;
+}
+
 static bool try_to_free_pte_page(pte_t *pte)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -2121,7 +2328,8 @@ int set_memory_rox(unsigned long addr, int numpages)
 	if (__supported_pte_mask & _PAGE_NX)
 		clr.pgprot |= _PAGE_NX;
 
-	return change_page_attr_clear(&addr, numpages, clr, 0);
+	return change_page_attr_set_clr(&addr, numpages, __pgprot(0), clr, 0,
+					CPA_COLLAPSE, NULL);
 }
 
 int set_memory_rw(unsigned long addr, int numpages)
@@ -2148,7 +2356,8 @@ int set_memory_p(unsigned long addr, int numpages)
 
 int set_memory_4k(unsigned long addr, int numpages)
 {
-	return change_page_attr_set_clr(&addr, numpages, __pgprot(0),
+	return change_page_attr_set_clr(&addr, numpages,
+					__pgprot(_PAGE_KERNEL_4K),
 					__pgprot(0), 1, 0, NULL);
 }
 
diff --git a/include/linux/vm_event_item.h b/include/linux/vm_event_item.h
index f70d0958095c..5a37cb2b6f93 100644
--- a/include/linux/vm_event_item.h
+++ b/include/linux/vm_event_item.h
@@ -151,6 +151,8 @@ enum vm_event_item { PGPGIN, PGPGOUT, PSWPIN, PSWPOUT,
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86
 		DIRECT_MAP_LEVEL2_SPLIT,
 		DIRECT_MAP_LEVEL3_SPLIT,
+		DIRECT_MAP_LEVEL2_COLLAPSE,
+		DIRECT_MAP_LEVEL3_COLLAPSE,
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK_STATS
 		VMA_LOCK_SUCCESS,
diff --git a/mm/vmstat.c b/mm/vmstat.c
index 16bfe1c694dd..88998725f1c5 100644
--- a/mm/vmstat.c
+++ b/mm/vmstat.c
@@ -1435,6 +1435,8 @@ const char * const vmstat_text[] = {
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86
 	"direct_map_level2_splits",
 	"direct_map_level3_splits",
+	"direct_map_level2_collapses",
+	"direct_map_level3_collapses",
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK_STATS
 	"vma_lock_success",
-- 
2.45.2

[PATCH v2 04/10] execmem: don't remove ROX cache from the direct map

[Mike Rapoport]

From: "Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)" <rppt@kernel.org>

The memory allocated for the ROX cache was removed from the direct map to
reduce amount of direct map updates, however this cannot be tolerated by
/proc/kcore that accesses module memory using vread_iter() and the latter
does vmalloc_to_page() and copy_page_to_iter_nofault().

Instead of removing ROX cache memory from the direct map and mapping it as
ROX in vmalloc space, simply call set_memory_rox() that will take care of
proper permissions on both vmalloc and in the direct map.

Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
---
 mm/execmem.c | 17 ++++-------------
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/execmem.c b/mm/execmem.c
index 317b6a8d35be..04b0bf1b5025 100644
--- a/mm/execmem.c
+++ b/mm/execmem.c
@@ -257,7 +257,6 @@ static void *__execmem_cache_alloc(struct execmem_range *range, size_t size)
 static int execmem_cache_populate(struct execmem_range *range, size_t size)
 {
 	unsigned long vm_flags = VM_ALLOW_HUGE_VMAP;
-	unsigned long start, end;
 	struct vm_struct *vm;
 	size_t alloc_size;
 	int err = -ENOMEM;
@@ -275,26 +274,18 @@ static int execmem_cache_populate(struct execmem_range *range, size_t size)
 	/* fill memory with instructions that will trap */
 	execmem_fill_trapping_insns(p, alloc_size, /* writable = */ true);
 
-	start = (unsigned long)p;
-	end = start + alloc_size;
-
-	vunmap_range(start, end);
-
-	err = execmem_set_direct_map_valid(vm, false);
-	if (err)
-		goto err_free_mem;
-
-	err = vmap_pages_range_noflush(start, end, range->pgprot, vm->pages,
-				       PMD_SHIFT);
+	err = set_memory_rox((unsigned long)p, vm->nr_pages);
 	if (err)
 		goto err_free_mem;
 
 	err = execmem_cache_add(p, alloc_size);
 	if (err)
-		goto err_free_mem;
+		goto err_reset_direct_map;
 
 	return 0;
 
+err_reset_direct_map:
+	execmem_set_direct_map_valid(vm, true);
 err_free_mem:
 	vfree(p);
 	return err;
-- 
2.45.2

[PATCH v2 05/10] execmem: add API for temporal remapping as RW and restoring ROX afterwards

[Mike Rapoport]

From: "Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)" <rppt@kernel.org>

Using a writable copy for ROX memory is cumbersome and error prone.

Add API that allow temporarily remapping of ranges in the ROX cache as
writable  and then restoring their read-only-execute permissions.

This API will be later used in modules code and will allow removing nasty
games with writable copy in alternatives patching on x86.

The restoring of the ROX permissions relies on the ability of architecture
to reconstruct large pages in its set_memory_rox() method.

Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
---
 include/linux/execmem.h | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 mm/execmem.c            | 22 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 53 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/linux/execmem.h b/include/linux/execmem.h
index 64130ae19690..65655a5d1be2 100644
--- a/include/linux/execmem.h
+++ b/include/linux/execmem.h
@@ -65,6 +65,37 @@ enum execmem_range_flags {
  * Architectures that use EXECMEM_ROX_CACHE must implement this.
  */
 void execmem_fill_trapping_insns(void *ptr, size_t size, bool writable);
+
+/**
+ * execmem_make_temp_rw - temporarily remap region with read-write
+ *			  permissions
+ * @ptr:	address of the region to remap
+ * @size:	size of the region to remap
+ *
+ * Remaps a part of the cached large page in the ROX cache in the range
+ * [@ptr, @ptr + @size) as writable and not executable. The caller must
+ * have exclusive ownership of this range and ensure nothing will try to
+ * execute code in this range.
+ *
+ * Return: 0 on success or negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int execmem_make_temp_rw(void *ptr, size_t size);
+
+/**
+ * execmem_restore_rox - restore read-only-execute permissions
+ * @ptr:	address of the region to remap
+ * @size:	size of the region to remap
+ *
+ * Restores read-only-execute permissions on a range [@ptr, @ptr + @size)
+ * after it was temporarily remapped as writable. Relies on architecture
+ * implementation of set_memory_rox() to restore mapping using large pages.
+ *
+ * Return: 0 on success or negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int execmem_restore_rox(void *ptr, size_t size);
+#else
+static inline int execmem_make_temp_rw(void *ptr, size_t size) { return 0; }
+static inline int execmem_restore_rox(void *ptr, size_t size) { return 0; }
 #endif
 
 /**
diff --git a/mm/execmem.c b/mm/execmem.c
index 04b0bf1b5025..e6c4f5076ca8 100644
--- a/mm/execmem.c
+++ b/mm/execmem.c
@@ -335,6 +335,28 @@ static bool execmem_cache_free(void *ptr)
 
 	return true;
 }
+
+int execmem_make_temp_rw(void *ptr, size_t size)
+{
+	unsigned int nr = PAGE_ALIGN(size) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)ptr;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = set_memory_nx(addr, nr);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	return set_memory_rw(addr, nr);
+}
+
+int execmem_restore_rox(void *ptr, size_t size)
+{
+	unsigned int nr = PAGE_ALIGN(size) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)ptr;
+
+	return set_memory_rox(addr, nr);
+}
+
 #else /* CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_EXECMEM_ROX */
 static void *execmem_cache_alloc(struct execmem_range *range, size_t size)
 {
-- 
2.45.2

[PATCH v2 06/10] module: introduce MODULE_STATE_GONE

[Mike Rapoport]

From: "Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)" <rppt@kernel.org>

In order to use execmem's API for temporal remapping of the memory
allocated from ROX cache as writable, there is a need to distinguish
between the state when the module is being formed and the state when it is
deconstructed and freed so that when module_memory_free() is called from
error paths during module loading it could restore ROX mappings.

Replace open coded checks for MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED with a helper
function module_is_formed() and add a new MODULE_STATE_GONE that will be
set when the module is deconstructed and freed.

Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Daniel Thompson (RISCstar) <danielt@kernel.org>
---
 include/linux/module.h                        |  6 ++++++
 kernel/module/kallsyms.c                      |  8 ++++----
 kernel/module/kdb.c                           |  2 +-
 kernel/module/main.c                          | 19 +++++++++----------
 kernel/module/procfs.c                        |  2 +-
 kernel/tracepoint.c                           |  2 ++
 lib/kunit/test.c                              |  2 ++
 samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-demo.c  |  1 +
 .../test_modules/test_klp_callbacks_demo.c    |  1 +
 .../test_modules/test_klp_callbacks_demo2.c   |  1 +
 .../livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_state.c   |  1 +
 .../livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_state2.c  |  1 +
 12 files changed, 30 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/module.h b/include/linux/module.h
index b3a643435357..624a5317d5a5 100644
--- a/include/linux/module.h
+++ b/include/linux/module.h
@@ -320,6 +320,7 @@ enum module_state {
 	MODULE_STATE_COMING,	/* Full formed, running module_init. */
 	MODULE_STATE_GOING,	/* Going away. */
 	MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED,	/* Still setting it up. */
+	MODULE_STATE_GONE,	/* Deconstructing and freeing. */
 };
 
 struct mod_tree_node {
@@ -620,6 +621,11 @@ static inline bool module_is_coming(struct module *mod)
         return mod->state == MODULE_STATE_COMING;
 }
 
+static inline bool module_is_formed(struct module *mod)
+{
+	return mod->state < MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED;
+}
+
 struct module *__module_text_address(unsigned long addr);
 struct module *__module_address(unsigned long addr);
 bool is_module_address(unsigned long addr);
diff --git a/kernel/module/kallsyms.c b/kernel/module/kallsyms.c
index bf65e0c3c86f..daf9a9b3740f 100644
--- a/kernel/module/kallsyms.c
+++ b/kernel/module/kallsyms.c
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ int lookup_module_symbol_name(unsigned long addr, char *symname)
 
 	preempt_disable();
 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(mod, &modules, list) {
-		if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED)
+		if (!module_is_formed(mod))
 			continue;
 		if (within_module(addr, mod)) {
 			const char *sym;
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ int module_get_kallsym(unsigned int symnum, unsigned long *value, char *type,
 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(mod, &modules, list) {
 		struct mod_kallsyms *kallsyms;
 
-		if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED)
+		if (!module_is_formed(mod))
 			continue;
 		kallsyms = rcu_dereference_sched(mod->kallsyms);
 		if (symnum < kallsyms->num_symtab) {
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ static unsigned long __module_kallsyms_lookup_name(const char *name)
 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(mod, &modules, list) {
 		unsigned long ret;
 
-		if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED)
+		if (!module_is_formed(mod))
 			continue;
 		ret = __find_kallsyms_symbol_value(mod, name);
 		if (ret)
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ int module_kallsyms_on_each_symbol(const char *modname,
 	list_for_each_entry(mod, &modules, list) {
 		struct mod_kallsyms *kallsyms;
 
-		if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED)
+		if (!module_is_formed(mod))
 			continue;
 
 		if (modname && strcmp(modname, mod->name))
diff --git a/kernel/module/kdb.c b/kernel/module/kdb.c
index 995c32d3698f..14f14700ffc2 100644
--- a/kernel/module/kdb.c
+++ b/kernel/module/kdb.c
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ int kdb_lsmod(int argc, const char **argv)
 
 	kdb_printf("Module                  Size  modstruct     Used by\n");
 	list_for_each_entry(mod, &modules, list) {
-		if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED)
+		if (!module_is_formed(mod))
 			continue;
 
 		kdb_printf("%-20s%8u", mod->name, mod->mem[MOD_TEXT].size);
diff --git a/kernel/module/main.c b/kernel/module/main.c
index 5399c182b3cb..ad8ef20c120f 100644
--- a/kernel/module/main.c
+++ b/kernel/module/main.c
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_module_notifier);
  */
 static inline int strong_try_module_get(struct module *mod)
 {
-	BUG_ON(mod && mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED);
+	BUG_ON(mod && !module_is_formed(mod));
 	if (mod && mod->state == MODULE_STATE_COMING)
 		return -EBUSY;
 	if (try_module_get(mod))
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ bool find_symbol(struct find_symbol_arg *fsa)
 			  GPL_ONLY },
 		};
 
-		if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED)
+		if (!module_is_formed(mod))
 			continue;
 
 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(arr); i++)
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ struct module *find_module_all(const char *name, size_t len,
 
 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(mod, &modules, list,
 				lockdep_is_held(&module_mutex)) {
-		if (!even_unformed && mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED)
+		if (!even_unformed && !module_is_formed(mod))
 			continue;
 		if (strlen(mod->name) == len && !memcmp(mod->name, name, len))
 			return mod;
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ bool __is_module_percpu_address(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *can_addr)
 	preempt_disable();
 
 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(mod, &modules, list) {
-		if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED)
+		if (!module_is_formed(mod))
 			continue;
 		if (!mod->percpu_size)
 			continue;
@@ -1326,7 +1326,7 @@ static void free_module(struct module *mod)
 	 * that noone uses it while it's being deconstructed.
 	 */
 	mutex_lock(&module_mutex);
-	mod->state = MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED;
+	mod->state = MODULE_STATE_GONE;
 	mutex_unlock(&module_mutex);
 
 	/* Arch-specific cleanup. */
@@ -3048,8 +3048,7 @@ static int module_patient_check_exists(const char *name,
 	if (old == NULL)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (old->state == MODULE_STATE_COMING ||
-	    old->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED) {
+	if (old->state == MODULE_STATE_COMING || !module_is_formed(old)) {
 		/* Wait in case it fails to load. */
 		mutex_unlock(&module_mutex);
 		err = wait_event_interruptible(module_wq,
@@ -3608,7 +3607,7 @@ char *module_flags(struct module *mod, char *buf, bool show_state)
 {
 	int bx = 0;
 
-	BUG_ON(mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED);
+	BUG_ON(!module_is_formed(mod));
 	if (!mod->taints && !show_state)
 		goto out;
 	if (mod->taints ||
@@ -3702,7 +3701,7 @@ struct module *__module_address(unsigned long addr)
 	mod = mod_find(addr, &mod_tree);
 	if (mod) {
 		BUG_ON(!within_module(addr, mod));
-		if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED)
+		if (!module_is_formed(mod))
 			mod = NULL;
 	}
 	return mod;
@@ -3756,7 +3755,7 @@ void print_modules(void)
 	/* Most callers should already have preempt disabled, but make sure */
 	preempt_disable();
 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(mod, &modules, list) {
-		if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED)
+		if (!module_is_formed(mod))
 			continue;
 		pr_cont(" %s%s", mod->name, module_flags(mod, buf, true));
 	}
diff --git a/kernel/module/procfs.c b/kernel/module/procfs.c
index 0a4841e88adb..2c617e6f8bc0 100644
--- a/kernel/module/procfs.c
+++ b/kernel/module/procfs.c
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ static int m_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
 	unsigned int size;
 
 	/* We always ignore unformed modules. */
-	if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED)
+	if (!module_is_formed(mod))
 		return 0;
 
 	size = module_total_size(mod);
diff --git a/kernel/tracepoint.c b/kernel/tracepoint.c
index 1848ce7e2976..e94247afb2c6 100644
--- a/kernel/tracepoint.c
+++ b/kernel/tracepoint.c
@@ -668,6 +668,8 @@ static int tracepoint_module_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
 		break;
 	case MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED:
 		break;
+	case MODULE_STATE_GONE:
+		break;
 	}
 	return notifier_from_errno(ret);
 }
diff --git a/lib/kunit/test.c b/lib/kunit/test.c
index 089c832e3cdb..54eaed92a2d3 100644
--- a/lib/kunit/test.c
+++ b/lib/kunit/test.c
@@ -836,6 +836,8 @@ static int kunit_module_notify(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long val,
 		break;
 	case MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED:
 		break;
+	case MODULE_STATE_GONE:
+		break;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-demo.c b/samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-demo.c
index 11c3f4357812..324bddaef9a6 100644
--- a/samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-demo.c
+++ b/samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-demo.c
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ static const char *const module_state[] = {
 	[MODULE_STATE_COMING]	= "[MODULE_STATE_COMING] Full formed, running module_init",
 	[MODULE_STATE_GOING]	= "[MODULE_STATE_GOING] Going away",
 	[MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED]	= "[MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED] Still setting it up",
+	[MODULE_STATE_GONE]	= "[MODULE_STATE_GONE] Deconstructing and freeing",
 };
 
 static void callback_info(const char *callback, struct klp_object *obj)
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_callbacks_demo.c b/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_callbacks_demo.c
index 3fd8fe1cd1cc..8435e3254f85 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_callbacks_demo.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_callbacks_demo.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *const module_state[] = {
 	[MODULE_STATE_COMING]	= "[MODULE_STATE_COMING] Full formed, running module_init",
 	[MODULE_STATE_GOING]	= "[MODULE_STATE_GOING] Going away",
 	[MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED]	= "[MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED] Still setting it up",
+	[MODULE_STATE_GONE]	= "[MODULE_STATE_GONE] Deconstructing and freeing",
 };
 
 static void callback_info(const char *callback, struct klp_object *obj)
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_callbacks_demo2.c b/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_callbacks_demo2.c
index 5417573e80af..78c1fff5d977 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_callbacks_demo2.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_callbacks_demo2.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ static const char *const module_state[] = {
 	[MODULE_STATE_COMING]	= "[MODULE_STATE_COMING] Full formed, running module_init",
 	[MODULE_STATE_GOING]	= "[MODULE_STATE_GOING] Going away",
 	[MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED]	= "[MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED] Still setting it up",
+	[MODULE_STATE_GONE]	= "[MODULE_STATE_GONE] Deconstructing and freeing",
 };
 
 static void callback_info(const char *callback, struct klp_object *obj)
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_state.c b/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_state.c
index 57a4253acb01..bdebf1d24c98 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_state.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_state.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ static const char *const module_state[] = {
 	[MODULE_STATE_COMING]	= "[MODULE_STATE_COMING] Full formed, running module_init",
 	[MODULE_STATE_GOING]	= "[MODULE_STATE_GOING] Going away",
 	[MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED]	= "[MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED] Still setting it up",
+	[MODULE_STATE_GONE]	= "[MODULE_STATE_GONE] Deconstructing and freeing",
 };
 
 static void callback_info(const char *callback, struct klp_object *obj)
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_state2.c b/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_state2.c
index c978ea4d5e67..1a55f84a8eb3 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_state2.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/livepatch/test_modules/test_klp_state2.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ static const char *const module_state[] = {
 	[MODULE_STATE_COMING]	= "[MODULE_STATE_COMING] Full formed, running module_init",
 	[MODULE_STATE_GOING]	= "[MODULE_STATE_GOING] Going away",
 	[MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED]	= "[MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED] Still setting it up",
+	[MODULE_STATE_GONE]	= "[MODULE_STATE_GONE] Deconstructing and freeing",
 };
 
 static void callback_info(const char *callback, struct klp_object *obj)
-- 
2.45.2

Re: [PATCH v2 06/10] module: introduce MODULE_STATE_GONE

[Petr Pavlu]

On 1/21/25 10:57, Mike Rapoport wrote:
> In order to use execmem's API for temporal remapping of the memory
> allocated from ROX cache as writable, there is a need to distinguish
> between the state when the module is being formed and the state when it is
> deconstructed and freed so that when module_memory_free() is called from
> error paths during module loading it could restore ROX mappings.
> 
> Replace open coded checks for MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED with a helper
> function module_is_formed() and add a new MODULE_STATE_GONE that will be
> set when the module is deconstructed and freed.

I don't fully follow why this case requires a new module state. My
understanding it that the function load_module() has the necessary
context that after calling layout_and_allocate(), the updated ROX
mappings need to be restored. I would then expect the function to be
appropriately able to unwind this operation in case of an error. It
could be done by having a helper that walks the mappings and calls
execmem_restore_rox(), or if you want to keep it in module_memory_free()
as done in the patch #7 then a flag could be passed down to
module_deallocate() -> free_mod_mem() -> module_memory_free()?

It is at least good that MODULE_STATE_GONE is only set in free_module()
past the sysfs teardown, so it never shows in
/sys/module/<mod>/initstate. Otherwise, this would require teaching kmod
about this state as well.

-- 
Thanks,
Petr

Re: [PATCH v2 06/10] module: introduce MODULE_STATE_GONE

[Mike Rapoport]

On Thu, Jan 23, 2025 at 03:16:28PM +0100, Petr Pavlu wrote:
> On 1/21/25 10:57, Mike Rapoport wrote:
> > In order to use execmem's API for temporal remapping of the memory
> > allocated from ROX cache as writable, there is a need to distinguish
> > between the state when the module is being formed and the state when it is
> > deconstructed and freed so that when module_memory_free() is called from
> > error paths during module loading it could restore ROX mappings.
> > 
> > Replace open coded checks for MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED with a helper
> > function module_is_formed() and add a new MODULE_STATE_GONE that will be
> > set when the module is deconstructed and freed.
> 
> I don't fully follow why this case requires a new module state. My
> understanding it that the function load_module() has the necessary
> context that after calling layout_and_allocate(), the updated ROX
> mappings need to be restored. I would then expect the function to be
> appropriately able to unwind this operation in case of an error. It
> could be done by having a helper that walks the mappings and calls
> execmem_restore_rox(), or if you want to keep it in module_memory_free()
> as done in the patch #7 then a flag could be passed down to
> module_deallocate() -> free_mod_mem() -> module_memory_free()?

Initially I wanted to track ROX <-> RW transitions in struct module_memory
so that module_memory_free() could do the right thing depending on memory
state. But that meant either ugly games with const'ness in strict_rwx.c,
an additional helper or a new global module state. The latter seemed the
most elegant to me.
If a new global module state is really that intrusive, I can drop it in
favor a helper that will be called from error handling paths. E.g.
something like the patch below (on top of this series and with this patch
reverted)

diff --git a/kernel/module/main.c b/kernel/module/main.c
index 7164cd353a78..4a02503836d7 100644
--- a/kernel/module/main.c
+++ b/kernel/module/main.c
@@ -1268,13 +1268,20 @@ static int module_memory_alloc(struct module *mod, enum mod_mem_type type)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void module_memory_restore_rox(struct module *mod)
+{
+	for_class_mod_mem_type(type, text) {
+		struct module_memory *mem = &mod->mem[type];
+
+		if (mem->is_rox)
+			execmem_restore_rox(mem->base, mem->size);
+	}
+}
+
 static void module_memory_free(struct module *mod, enum mod_mem_type type)
 {
 	struct module_memory *mem = &mod->mem[type];
 
-	if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED && mem->is_rox)
-		execmem_restore_rox(mem->base, mem->size);
-
 	execmem_free(mem->base);
 }
 
@@ -2617,6 +2624,7 @@ static int move_module(struct module *mod, struct load_info *info)
 
 	return 0;
 out_err:
+	module_memory_restore_rox(mod);
 	for (t--; t >= 0; t--)
 		module_memory_free(mod, t);
 	if (codetag_section_found)
@@ -3372,6 +3380,7 @@ static int load_module(struct load_info *info, const char __user *uargs,
 				       mod->mem[type].size);
 	}
 
+	module_memory_restore_rox(mod);
 	module_deallocate(mod, info);
  free_copy:
 	/*
 
> It is at least good that MODULE_STATE_GONE is only set in free_module()
> past the sysfs teardown, so it never shows in
> /sys/module/<mod>/initstate. Otherwise, this would require teaching kmod
> about this state as well.
> 
> -- 
> Thanks,
> Petr

-- 
Sincerely yours,
Mike.

Re: [PATCH v2 06/10] module: introduce MODULE_STATE_GONE

[Petr Pavlu]

On 1/24/25 12:06, Mike Rapoport wrote:
> On Thu, Jan 23, 2025 at 03:16:28PM +0100, Petr Pavlu wrote:
>> On 1/21/25 10:57, Mike Rapoport wrote:
>>> In order to use execmem's API for temporal remapping of the memory
>>> allocated from ROX cache as writable, there is a need to distinguish
>>> between the state when the module is being formed and the state when it is
>>> deconstructed and freed so that when module_memory_free() is called from
>>> error paths during module loading it could restore ROX mappings.
>>>
>>> Replace open coded checks for MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED with a helper
>>> function module_is_formed() and add a new MODULE_STATE_GONE that will be
>>> set when the module is deconstructed and freed.
>>
>> I don't fully follow why this case requires a new module state. My
>> understanding it that the function load_module() has the necessary
>> context that after calling layout_and_allocate(), the updated ROX
>> mappings need to be restored. I would then expect the function to be
>> appropriately able to unwind this operation in case of an error. It
>> could be done by having a helper that walks the mappings and calls
>> execmem_restore_rox(), or if you want to keep it in module_memory_free()
>> as done in the patch #7 then a flag could be passed down to
>> module_deallocate() -> free_mod_mem() -> module_memory_free()?
> 
> Initially I wanted to track ROX <-> RW transitions in struct module_memory
> so that module_memory_free() could do the right thing depending on memory
> state. But that meant either ugly games with const'ness in strict_rwx.c,
> an additional helper or a new global module state. The latter seemed the
> most elegant to me.
> If a new global module state is really that intrusive, I can drop it in
> favor a helper that will be called from error handling paths. E.g.
> something like the patch below (on top of this series and with this patch
> reverted)
> 
> diff --git a/kernel/module/main.c b/kernel/module/main.c
> index 7164cd353a78..4a02503836d7 100644
> --- a/kernel/module/main.c
> +++ b/kernel/module/main.c
> @@ -1268,13 +1268,20 @@ static int module_memory_alloc(struct module *mod, enum mod_mem_type type)
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> +static void module_memory_restore_rox(struct module *mod)
> +{
> +	for_class_mod_mem_type(type, text) {
> +		struct module_memory *mem = &mod->mem[type];
> +
> +		if (mem->is_rox)
> +			execmem_restore_rox(mem->base, mem->size);
> +	}
> +}
> +
>  static void module_memory_free(struct module *mod, enum mod_mem_type type)
>  {
>  	struct module_memory *mem = &mod->mem[type];
>  
> -	if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED && mem->is_rox)
> -		execmem_restore_rox(mem->base, mem->size);
> -
>  	execmem_free(mem->base);
>  }
>  
> @@ -2617,6 +2624,7 @@ static int move_module(struct module *mod, struct load_info *info)
>  
>  	return 0;
>  out_err:
> +	module_memory_restore_rox(mod);
>  	for (t--; t >= 0; t--)
>  		module_memory_free(mod, t);
>  	if (codetag_section_found)
> @@ -3372,6 +3380,7 @@ static int load_module(struct load_info *info, const char __user *uargs,
>  				       mod->mem[type].size);
>  	}
>  
> +	module_memory_restore_rox(mod);
>  	module_deallocate(mod, info);
>   free_copy:
>  	/*
>  

This looks better to me.

My view is that the module_state tracks major stages of a module during
its lifecycle. It provides information to the module loader itself,
other subsystems that need to closely interact with modules, and to the
userspace via the initstate sysfs attribute.

Adding a new state means potentially more complexity for all these
parts. In this case, the state was needed because of a logic that is
local only to the module loader, or even just to the function
load_module(). I think it is better to avoid adding a new state only for
that.

-- 
Thanks,
Petr

Re: [PATCH v2 06/10] module: introduce MODULE_STATE_GONE

[Petr Mladek]

On Fri 2025-01-24 13:59:55, Petr Pavlu wrote:
> On 1/24/25 12:06, Mike Rapoport wrote:
> > On Thu, Jan 23, 2025 at 03:16:28PM +0100, Petr Pavlu wrote:
> >> On 1/21/25 10:57, Mike Rapoport wrote:
> >>> In order to use execmem's API for temporal remapping of the memory
> >>> allocated from ROX cache as writable, there is a need to distinguish
> >>> between the state when the module is being formed and the state when it is
> >>> deconstructed and freed so that when module_memory_free() is called from
> >>> error paths during module loading it could restore ROX mappings.
> >>>
> >>> Replace open coded checks for MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED with a helper
> >>> function module_is_formed() and add a new MODULE_STATE_GONE that will be
> >>> set when the module is deconstructed and freed.
> >>
> >> I don't fully follow why this case requires a new module state. My
> >> understanding it that the function load_module() has the necessary
> >> context that after calling layout_and_allocate(), the updated ROX
> >> mappings need to be restored. I would then expect the function to be
> >> appropriately able to unwind this operation in case of an error. It
> >> could be done by having a helper that walks the mappings and calls
> >> execmem_restore_rox(), or if you want to keep it in module_memory_free()
> >> as done in the patch #7 then a flag could be passed down to
> >> module_deallocate() -> free_mod_mem() -> module_memory_free()?
> > 
> > Initially I wanted to track ROX <-> RW transitions in struct module_memory
> > so that module_memory_free() could do the right thing depending on memory
> > state. But that meant either ugly games with const'ness in strict_rwx.c,
> > an additional helper or a new global module state. The latter seemed the
> > most elegant to me.
> > If a new global module state is really that intrusive, I can drop it in
> > favor a helper that will be called from error handling paths. E.g.
> > something like the patch below (on top of this series and with this patch
> > reverted)
> > 
> > diff --git a/kernel/module/main.c b/kernel/module/main.c
> > index 7164cd353a78..4a02503836d7 100644
> > --- a/kernel/module/main.c
> > +++ b/kernel/module/main.c
> > @@ -1268,13 +1268,20 @@ static int module_memory_alloc(struct module *mod, enum mod_mem_type type)
> >  	return 0;
> >  }
> >  
> > +static void module_memory_restore_rox(struct module *mod)
> > +{
> > +	for_class_mod_mem_type(type, text) {
> > +		struct module_memory *mem = &mod->mem[type];
> > +
> > +		if (mem->is_rox)
> > +			execmem_restore_rox(mem->base, mem->size);
> > +	}
> > +}
> > +
> >  static void module_memory_free(struct module *mod, enum mod_mem_type type)
> >  {
> >  	struct module_memory *mem = &mod->mem[type];
> >  
> > -	if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED && mem->is_rox)
> > -		execmem_restore_rox(mem->base, mem->size);
> > -
> >  	execmem_free(mem->base);
> >  }
> >  
> > @@ -2617,6 +2624,7 @@ static int move_module(struct module *mod, struct load_info *info)
> >  
> >  	return 0;
> >  out_err:
> > +	module_memory_restore_rox(mod);
> >  	for (t--; t >= 0; t--)
> >  		module_memory_free(mod, t);
> >  	if (codetag_section_found)
> > @@ -3372,6 +3380,7 @@ static int load_module(struct load_info *info, const char __user *uargs,
> >  				       mod->mem[type].size);
> >  	}
> >  
> > +	module_memory_restore_rox(mod);
> >  	module_deallocate(mod, info);
> >   free_copy:
> >  	/*
> >  
> 
> This looks better to me.
> 
> My view is that the module_state tracks major stages of a module during
> its lifecycle. It provides information to the module loader itself,
> other subsystems that need to closely interact with modules, and to the
> userspace via the initstate sysfs attribute.
> 
> Adding a new state means potentially more complexity for all these
> parts. In this case, the state was needed because of a logic that is
> local only to the module loader, or even just to the function
> load_module(). I think it is better to avoid adding a new state only for
> that.

I fully agree here.

The added complexity is already visible in the original patch.
It updates about 15 locations where mod->state is checked.
Every location should be reviewed whether the change is correct.
The changes are spread in various subsystems, like kallsyms, kdb,
tracepoint, livepatch. Many people need to understand
the meaning of the new state and decide if the change is OK.
So, it affects many people and touches 15 locations where
things my go wrong.

The alternative solution, proposed above, looks much easier to me.

Best Regards,
Petr

[PATCH v2 07/10] module: switch to execmem API for remapping as RW and restoring ROX

[Mike Rapoport]

From: "Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)" <rppt@kernel.org>

Instead of using writable copy for module text sections, temporarily remap
the memory allocated from execmem's ROX cache as writable and restore its
ROX permissions after the module is formed.

This will allow removing nasty games with writable copy in alternatives
patching on x86.

Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
---
 include/linux/module.h       |  8 +----
 include/linux/moduleloader.h |  4 ---
 kernel/module/main.c         | 67 ++++++------------------------------
 kernel/module/strict_rwx.c   |  9 ++---
 4 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 71 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/module.h b/include/linux/module.h
index 624a5317d5a5..e9fc9d1fa476 100644
--- a/include/linux/module.h
+++ b/include/linux/module.h
@@ -368,7 +368,6 @@ enum mod_mem_type {
 
 struct module_memory {
 	void *base;
-	void *rw_copy;
 	bool is_rox;
 	unsigned int size;
 
@@ -775,14 +774,9 @@ static inline bool is_livepatch_module(struct module *mod)
 
 void set_module_sig_enforced(void);
 
-void *__module_writable_address(struct module *mod, void *loc);
-
 static inline void *module_writable_address(struct module *mod, void *loc)
 {
-	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_EXECMEM_ROX) || !mod ||
-	    mod->state != MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED)
-		return loc;
-	return __module_writable_address(mod, loc);
+	return loc;
 }
 
 #else /* !CONFIG_MODULES... */
diff --git a/include/linux/moduleloader.h b/include/linux/moduleloader.h
index 1f5507ba5a12..e395461d59e5 100644
--- a/include/linux/moduleloader.h
+++ b/include/linux/moduleloader.h
@@ -108,10 +108,6 @@ int module_finalize(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr,
 		    const Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,
 		    struct module *mod);
 
-int module_post_finalize(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr,
-			 const Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,
-			 struct module *mod);
-
 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
 void flush_module_init_free_work(void);
 #else
diff --git a/kernel/module/main.c b/kernel/module/main.c
index ad8ef20c120f..ee6b46e753a0 100644
--- a/kernel/module/main.c
+++ b/kernel/module/main.c
@@ -1221,18 +1221,6 @@ void __weak module_arch_freeing_init(struct module *mod)
 {
 }
 
-void *__module_writable_address(struct module *mod, void *loc)
-{
-	for_class_mod_mem_type(type, text) {
-		struct module_memory *mem = &mod->mem[type];
-
-		if (loc >= mem->base && loc < mem->base + mem->size)
-			return loc + (mem->rw_copy - mem->base);
-	}
-
-	return loc;
-}
-
 static int module_memory_alloc(struct module *mod, enum mod_mem_type type)
 {
 	unsigned int size = PAGE_ALIGN(mod->mem[type].size);
@@ -1250,21 +1238,15 @@ static int module_memory_alloc(struct module *mod, enum mod_mem_type type)
 	if (!ptr)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	mod->mem[type].base = ptr;
-
 	if (execmem_is_rox(execmem_type)) {
-		ptr = vzalloc(size);
+		int err = execmem_make_temp_rw(ptr, size);
 
-		if (!ptr) {
-			execmem_free(mod->mem[type].base);
+		if (err) {
+			execmem_free(ptr);
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		}
 
-		mod->mem[type].rw_copy = ptr;
 		mod->mem[type].is_rox = true;
-	} else {
-		mod->mem[type].rw_copy = mod->mem[type].base;
-		memset(mod->mem[type].base, 0, size);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1280,6 +1262,9 @@ static int module_memory_alloc(struct module *mod, enum mod_mem_type type)
 	 */
 	kmemleak_not_leak(ptr);
 
+	memset(ptr, 0, size);
+	mod->mem[type].base = ptr;
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1287,8 +1272,8 @@ static void module_memory_free(struct module *mod, enum mod_mem_type type)
 {
 	struct module_memory *mem = &mod->mem[type];
 
-	if (mem->is_rox)
-		vfree(mem->rw_copy);
+	if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED && mem->is_rox)
+		execmem_restore_rox(mem->base, mem->size);
 
 	execmem_free(mem->base);
 }
@@ -2561,7 +2546,6 @@ static int move_module(struct module *mod, struct load_info *info)
 	for_each_mod_mem_type(type) {
 		if (!mod->mem[type].size) {
 			mod->mem[type].base = NULL;
-			mod->mem[type].rw_copy = NULL;
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -2578,7 +2562,6 @@ static int move_module(struct module *mod, struct load_info *info)
 		void *dest;
 		Elf_Shdr *shdr = &info->sechdrs[i];
 		const char *sname;
-		unsigned long addr;
 
 		if (!(shdr->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC))
 			continue;
@@ -2599,14 +2582,12 @@ static int move_module(struct module *mod, struct load_info *info)
 				ret = PTR_ERR(dest);
 				goto out_err;
 			}
-			addr = (unsigned long)dest;
 			codetag_section_found = true;
 		} else {
 			enum mod_mem_type type = shdr->sh_entsize >> SH_ENTSIZE_TYPE_SHIFT;
 			unsigned long offset = shdr->sh_entsize & SH_ENTSIZE_OFFSET_MASK;
 
-			addr = (unsigned long)mod->mem[type].base + offset;
-			dest = mod->mem[type].rw_copy + offset;
+			dest = mod->mem[type].base + offset;
 		}
 
 		if (shdr->sh_type != SHT_NOBITS) {
@@ -2629,7 +2610,7 @@ static int move_module(struct module *mod, struct load_info *info)
 		 * users of info can keep taking advantage and using the newly
 		 * minted official memory area.
 		 */
-		shdr->sh_addr = addr;
+		shdr->sh_addr = (unsigned long)dest;
 		pr_debug("\t0x%lx 0x%.8lx %s\n", (long)shdr->sh_addr,
 			 (long)shdr->sh_size, info->secstrings + shdr->sh_name);
 	}
@@ -2782,17 +2763,8 @@ int __weak module_finalize(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int __weak module_post_finalize(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr,
-				const Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,
-				struct module *me)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static int post_relocation(struct module *mod, const struct load_info *info)
 {
-	int ret;
-
 	/* Sort exception table now relocations are done. */
 	sort_extable(mod->extable, mod->extable + mod->num_exentries);
 
@@ -2804,24 +2776,7 @@ static int post_relocation(struct module *mod, const struct load_info *info)
 	add_kallsyms(mod, info);
 
 	/* Arch-specific module finalizing. */
-	ret = module_finalize(info->hdr, info->sechdrs, mod);
-	if (ret)
-		return ret;
-
-	for_each_mod_mem_type(type) {
-		struct module_memory *mem = &mod->mem[type];
-
-		if (mem->is_rox) {
-			if (!execmem_update_copy(mem->base, mem->rw_copy,
-						 mem->size))
-				return -ENOMEM;
-
-			vfree(mem->rw_copy);
-			mem->rw_copy = NULL;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return module_post_finalize(info->hdr, info->sechdrs, mod);
+	return module_finalize(info->hdr, info->sechdrs, mod);
 }
 
 /* Call module constructors. */
diff --git a/kernel/module/strict_rwx.c b/kernel/module/strict_rwx.c
index 239e5013359d..ce47b6346f27 100644
--- a/kernel/module/strict_rwx.c
+++ b/kernel/module/strict_rwx.c
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 #include <linux/set_memory.h>
+#include <linux/execmem.h>
 #include "internal.h"
 
 static int module_set_memory(const struct module *mod, enum mod_mem_type type,
@@ -32,12 +33,12 @@ static int module_set_memory(const struct module *mod, enum mod_mem_type type,
 int module_enable_text_rox(const struct module *mod)
 {
 	for_class_mod_mem_type(type, text) {
+		const struct module_memory *mem = &mod->mem[type];
 		int ret;
 
-		if (mod->mem[type].is_rox)
-			continue;
-
-		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX))
+		if (mem->is_rox)
+			ret = execmem_restore_rox(mem->base, mem->size);
+		else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX))
 			ret = module_set_memory(mod, type, set_memory_rox);
 		else
 			ret = module_set_memory(mod, type, set_memory_x);
-- 
2.45.2

[PATCH v2 08/10] Revert "x86/module: prepare module loading for ROX allocations of text"

[Mike Rapoport]

From: "Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)" <rppt@kernel.org>

The module code does not create a writable copy of the executable memory
anymore so there is no need to handle it in module relocation and
alternatives patching.

This reverts commit 9bfc4824fd4836c16bb44f922bfaffba5da3e4f3.

Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
---
 arch/um/kernel/um_arch.c           |  11 +-
 arch/x86/entry/vdso/vma.c          |   3 +-
 arch/x86/include/asm/alternative.h |  14 +--
 arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c      | 181 ++++++++++++-----------------
 arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c           |  30 +++--
 arch/x86/kernel/module.c           |  45 +++----
 6 files changed, 117 insertions(+), 167 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/um/kernel/um_arch.c b/arch/um/kernel/um_arch.c
index 8037a967225d..d2cc2c69a8c4 100644
--- a/arch/um/kernel/um_arch.c
+++ b/arch/um/kernel/um_arch.c
@@ -440,25 +440,24 @@ void __init arch_cpu_finalize_init(void)
 	os_check_bugs();
 }
 
-void apply_seal_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
+void apply_seal_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 }
 
-void apply_retpolines(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
+void apply_retpolines(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 }
 
-void apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
+void apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 }
 
 void apply_fineibt(s32 *start_retpoline, s32 *end_retpoline,
-		   s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi, struct module *mod)
+		   s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi)
 {
 }
 
-void apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start, struct alt_instr *end,
-			struct module *mod)
+void apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start, struct alt_instr *end)
 {
 }
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/entry/vdso/vma.c b/arch/x86/entry/vdso/vma.c
index 39e6efc1a9ca..bfc7cabf4017 100644
--- a/arch/x86/entry/vdso/vma.c
+++ b/arch/x86/entry/vdso/vma.c
@@ -48,8 +48,7 @@ int __init init_vdso_image(const struct vdso_image *image)
 
 	apply_alternatives((struct alt_instr *)(image->data + image->alt),
 			   (struct alt_instr *)(image->data + image->alt +
-						image->alt_len),
-			   NULL);
+						image->alt_len));
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/alternative.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/alternative.h
index dc03a647776d..ca9ae606aab9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/alternative.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/alternative.h
@@ -96,16 +96,16 @@ extern struct alt_instr __alt_instructions[], __alt_instructions_end[];
  * instructions were patched in already:
  */
 extern int alternatives_patched;
-struct module;
 
 extern void alternative_instructions(void);
-extern void apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start, struct alt_instr *end,
-			       struct module *mod);
-extern void apply_retpolines(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod);
-extern void apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod);
-extern void apply_seal_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod);
+extern void apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start, struct alt_instr *end);
+extern void apply_retpolines(s32 *start, s32 *end);
+extern void apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end);
+extern void apply_seal_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end);
 extern void apply_fineibt(s32 *start_retpoline, s32 *end_retpoine,
-			  s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi, struct module *mod);
+			  s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi);
+
+struct module;
 
 struct callthunk_sites {
 	s32				*call_start, *call_end;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c b/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
index 243843e44e89..d17518ca19b8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
@@ -392,10 +392,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(BUG_func);
  * Rewrite the "call BUG_func" replacement to point to the target of the
  * indirect pv_ops call "call *disp(%ip)".
  */
-static int alt_replace_call(u8 *instr, u8 *insn_buff, struct alt_instr *a,
-			    struct module *mod)
+static int alt_replace_call(u8 *instr, u8 *insn_buff, struct alt_instr *a)
 {
-	u8 *wr_instr = module_writable_address(mod, instr);
 	void *target, *bug = &BUG_func;
 	s32 disp;
 
@@ -405,14 +403,14 @@ static int alt_replace_call(u8 *instr, u8 *insn_buff, struct alt_instr *a,
 	}
 
 	if (a->instrlen != 6 ||
-	    wr_instr[0] != CALL_RIP_REL_OPCODE ||
-	    wr_instr[1] != CALL_RIP_REL_MODRM) {
+	    instr[0] != CALL_RIP_REL_OPCODE ||
+	    instr[1] != CALL_RIP_REL_MODRM) {
 		pr_err("ALT_FLAG_DIRECT_CALL set for unrecognized indirect call\n");
 		BUG();
 	}
 
 	/* Skip CALL_RIP_REL_OPCODE and CALL_RIP_REL_MODRM */
-	disp = *(s32 *)(wr_instr + 2);
+	disp = *(s32 *)(instr + 2);
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 	/* ff 15 00 00 00 00   call   *0x0(%rip) */
 	/* target address is stored at "next instruction + disp". */
@@ -450,8 +448,7 @@ static inline u8 * instr_va(struct alt_instr *i)
  * to refetch changed I$ lines.
  */
 void __init_or_module noinline apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start,
-						  struct alt_instr *end,
-						  struct module *mod)
+						  struct alt_instr *end)
 {
 	u8 insn_buff[MAX_PATCH_LEN];
 	u8 *instr, *replacement;
@@ -480,7 +477,6 @@ void __init_or_module noinline apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start,
 	 */
 	for (a = start; a < end; a++) {
 		int insn_buff_sz = 0;
-		u8 *wr_instr, *wr_replacement;
 
 		/*
 		 * In case of nested ALTERNATIVE()s the outer alternative might
@@ -494,11 +490,7 @@ void __init_or_module noinline apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start,
 		}
 
 		instr = instr_va(a);
-		wr_instr = module_writable_address(mod, instr);
-
 		replacement = (u8 *)&a->repl_offset + a->repl_offset;
-		wr_replacement = module_writable_address(mod, replacement);
-
 		BUG_ON(a->instrlen > sizeof(insn_buff));
 		BUG_ON(a->cpuid >= (NCAPINTS + NBUGINTS) * 32);
 
@@ -509,9 +501,9 @@ void __init_or_module noinline apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start,
 		 *   patch if feature is *NOT* present.
 		 */
 		if (!boot_cpu_has(a->cpuid) == !(a->flags & ALT_FLAG_NOT)) {
-			memcpy(insn_buff, wr_instr, a->instrlen);
+			memcpy(insn_buff, instr, a->instrlen);
 			optimize_nops(instr, insn_buff, a->instrlen);
-			text_poke_early(wr_instr, insn_buff, a->instrlen);
+			text_poke_early(instr, insn_buff, a->instrlen);
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -521,12 +513,11 @@ void __init_or_module noinline apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start,
 			instr, instr, a->instrlen,
 			replacement, a->replacementlen, a->flags);
 
-		memcpy(insn_buff, wr_replacement, a->replacementlen);
+		memcpy(insn_buff, replacement, a->replacementlen);
 		insn_buff_sz = a->replacementlen;
 
 		if (a->flags & ALT_FLAG_DIRECT_CALL) {
-			insn_buff_sz = alt_replace_call(instr, insn_buff, a,
-							mod);
+			insn_buff_sz = alt_replace_call(instr, insn_buff, a);
 			if (insn_buff_sz < 0)
 				continue;
 		}
@@ -536,11 +527,11 @@ void __init_or_module noinline apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start,
 
 		apply_relocation(insn_buff, instr, a->instrlen, replacement, a->replacementlen);
 
-		DUMP_BYTES(ALT, wr_instr, a->instrlen, "%px:   old_insn: ", instr);
+		DUMP_BYTES(ALT, instr, a->instrlen, "%px:   old_insn: ", instr);
 		DUMP_BYTES(ALT, replacement, a->replacementlen, "%px:   rpl_insn: ", replacement);
 		DUMP_BYTES(ALT, insn_buff, insn_buff_sz, "%px: final_insn: ", instr);
 
-		text_poke_early(wr_instr, insn_buff, insn_buff_sz);
+		text_poke_early(instr, insn_buff, insn_buff_sz);
 	}
 
 	kasan_enable_current();
@@ -731,20 +722,18 @@ static int patch_retpoline(void *addr, struct insn *insn, u8 *bytes)
 /*
  * Generated by 'objtool --retpoline'.
  */
-void __init_or_module noinline apply_retpolines(s32 *start, s32 *end,
-						struct module *mod)
+void __init_or_module noinline apply_retpolines(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 	s32 *s;
 
 	for (s = start; s < end; s++) {
 		void *addr = (void *)s + *s;
-		void *wr_addr = module_writable_address(mod, addr);
 		struct insn insn;
 		int len, ret;
 		u8 bytes[16];
 		u8 op1, op2;
 
-		ret = insn_decode_kernel(&insn, wr_addr);
+		ret = insn_decode_kernel(&insn, addr);
 		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ret < 0))
 			continue;
 
@@ -772,9 +761,9 @@ void __init_or_module noinline apply_retpolines(s32 *start, s32 *end,
 		len = patch_retpoline(addr, &insn, bytes);
 		if (len == insn.length) {
 			optimize_nops(addr, bytes, len);
-			DUMP_BYTES(RETPOLINE, ((u8*)wr_addr),  len, "%px: orig: ", addr);
+			DUMP_BYTES(RETPOLINE, ((u8*)addr),  len, "%px: orig: ", addr);
 			DUMP_BYTES(RETPOLINE, ((u8*)bytes), len, "%px: repl: ", addr);
-			text_poke_early(wr_addr, bytes, len);
+			text_poke_early(addr, bytes, len);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -810,8 +799,7 @@ static int patch_return(void *addr, struct insn *insn, u8 *bytes)
 	return i;
 }
 
-void __init_or_module noinline apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end,
-					     struct module *mod)
+void __init_or_module noinline apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 	s32 *s;
 
@@ -820,13 +808,12 @@ void __init_or_module noinline apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end,
 
 	for (s = start; s < end; s++) {
 		void *dest = NULL, *addr = (void *)s + *s;
-		void *wr_addr = module_writable_address(mod, addr);
 		struct insn insn;
 		int len, ret;
 		u8 bytes[16];
 		u8 op;
 
-		ret = insn_decode_kernel(&insn, wr_addr);
+		ret = insn_decode_kernel(&insn, addr);
 		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ret < 0))
 			continue;
 
@@ -846,35 +833,32 @@ void __init_or_module noinline apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end,
 
 		len = patch_return(addr, &insn, bytes);
 		if (len == insn.length) {
-			DUMP_BYTES(RET, ((u8*)wr_addr),  len, "%px: orig: ", addr);
+			DUMP_BYTES(RET, ((u8*)addr),  len, "%px: orig: ", addr);
 			DUMP_BYTES(RET, ((u8*)bytes), len, "%px: repl: ", addr);
-			text_poke_early(wr_addr, bytes, len);
+			text_poke_early(addr, bytes, len);
 		}
 	}
 }
 #else
-void __init_or_module noinline apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end,
-					     struct module *mod) { }
+void __init_or_module noinline apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end) { }
 #endif /* CONFIG_MITIGATION_RETHUNK */
 
 #else /* !CONFIG_MITIGATION_RETPOLINE || !CONFIG_OBJTOOL */
 
-void __init_or_module noinline apply_retpolines(s32 *start, s32 *end,
-						struct module *mod) { }
-void __init_or_module noinline apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end,
-					     struct module *mod) { }
+void __init_or_module noinline apply_retpolines(s32 *start, s32 *end) { }
+void __init_or_module noinline apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end) { }
 
 #endif /* CONFIG_MITIGATION_RETPOLINE && CONFIG_OBJTOOL */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_KERNEL_IBT
 
-static void poison_cfi(void *addr, void *wr_addr);
+static void poison_cfi(void *addr);
 
-static void __init_or_module poison_endbr(void *addr, void *wr_addr, bool warn)
+static void __init_or_module poison_endbr(void *addr, bool warn)
 {
 	u32 endbr, poison = gen_endbr_poison();
 
-	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(get_kernel_nofault(endbr, wr_addr)))
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(get_kernel_nofault(endbr, addr)))
 		return;
 
 	if (!is_endbr(endbr)) {
@@ -889,7 +873,7 @@ static void __init_or_module poison_endbr(void *addr, void *wr_addr, bool warn)
 	 */
 	DUMP_BYTES(ENDBR, ((u8*)addr), 4, "%px: orig: ", addr);
 	DUMP_BYTES(ENDBR, ((u8*)&poison), 4, "%px: repl: ", addr);
-	text_poke_early(wr_addr, &poison, 4);
+	text_poke_early(addr, &poison, 4);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -898,23 +882,22 @@ static void __init_or_module poison_endbr(void *addr, void *wr_addr, bool warn)
  * Seal the functions for indirect calls by clobbering the ENDBR instructions
  * and the kCFI hash value.
  */
-void __init_or_module noinline apply_seal_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
+void __init_or_module noinline apply_seal_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 	s32 *s;
 
 	for (s = start; s < end; s++) {
 		void *addr = (void *)s + *s;
-		void *wr_addr = module_writable_address(mod, addr);
 
-		poison_endbr(addr, wr_addr, true);
+		poison_endbr(addr, true);
 		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_FINEIBT))
-			poison_cfi(addr - 16, wr_addr - 16);
+			poison_cfi(addr - 16);
 	}
 }
 
 #else
 
-void __init_or_module apply_seal_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod) { }
+void __init_or_module apply_seal_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end) { }
 
 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_KERNEL_IBT */
 
@@ -1136,7 +1119,7 @@ static u32 decode_caller_hash(void *addr)
 }
 
 /* .retpoline_sites */
-static int cfi_disable_callers(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
+static int cfi_disable_callers(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Disable kCFI by patching in a JMP.d8, this leaves the hash immediate
@@ -1148,23 +1131,20 @@ static int cfi_disable_callers(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
 
 	for (s = start; s < end; s++) {
 		void *addr = (void *)s + *s;
-		void *wr_addr;
 		u32 hash;
 
 		addr -= fineibt_caller_size;
-		wr_addr = module_writable_address(mod, addr);
-		hash = decode_caller_hash(wr_addr);
-
+		hash = decode_caller_hash(addr);
 		if (!hash) /* nocfi callers */
 			continue;
 
-		text_poke_early(wr_addr, jmp, 2);
+		text_poke_early(addr, jmp, 2);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int cfi_enable_callers(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
+static int cfi_enable_callers(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Re-enable kCFI, undo what cfi_disable_callers() did.
@@ -1174,115 +1154,106 @@ static int cfi_enable_callers(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
 
 	for (s = start; s < end; s++) {
 		void *addr = (void *)s + *s;
-		void *wr_addr;
 		u32 hash;
 
 		addr -= fineibt_caller_size;
-		wr_addr = module_writable_address(mod, addr);
-		hash = decode_caller_hash(wr_addr);
+		hash = decode_caller_hash(addr);
 		if (!hash) /* nocfi callers */
 			continue;
 
-		text_poke_early(wr_addr, mov, 2);
+		text_poke_early(addr, mov, 2);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
 /* .cfi_sites */
-static int cfi_rand_preamble(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
+static int cfi_rand_preamble(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 	s32 *s;
 
 	for (s = start; s < end; s++) {
 		void *addr = (void *)s + *s;
-		void *wr_addr = module_writable_address(mod, addr);
 		u32 hash;
 
-		hash = decode_preamble_hash(wr_addr);
+		hash = decode_preamble_hash(addr);
 		if (WARN(!hash, "no CFI hash found at: %pS %px %*ph\n",
 			 addr, addr, 5, addr))
 			return -EINVAL;
 
 		hash = cfi_rehash(hash);
-		text_poke_early(wr_addr + 1, &hash, 4);
+		text_poke_early(addr + 1, &hash, 4);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int cfi_rewrite_preamble(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
+static int cfi_rewrite_preamble(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 	s32 *s;
 
 	for (s = start; s < end; s++) {
 		void *addr = (void *)s + *s;
-		void *wr_addr = module_writable_address(mod, addr);
 		u32 hash;
 
-		hash = decode_preamble_hash(wr_addr);
+		hash = decode_preamble_hash(addr);
 		if (WARN(!hash, "no CFI hash found at: %pS %px %*ph\n",
 			 addr, addr, 5, addr))
 			return -EINVAL;
 
-		text_poke_early(wr_addr, fineibt_preamble_start, fineibt_preamble_size);
-		WARN_ON(*(u32 *)(wr_addr + fineibt_preamble_hash) != 0x12345678);
-		text_poke_early(wr_addr + fineibt_preamble_hash, &hash, 4);
+		text_poke_early(addr, fineibt_preamble_start, fineibt_preamble_size);
+		WARN_ON(*(u32 *)(addr + fineibt_preamble_hash) != 0x12345678);
+		text_poke_early(addr + fineibt_preamble_hash, &hash, 4);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void cfi_rewrite_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
+static void cfi_rewrite_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 	s32 *s;
 
 	for (s = start; s < end; s++) {
 		void *addr = (void *)s + *s;
-		void *wr_addr = module_writable_address(mod, addr);
 
-		poison_endbr(addr + 16, wr_addr + 16, false);
+		poison_endbr(addr+16, false);
 	}
 }
 
 /* .retpoline_sites */
-static int cfi_rand_callers(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
+static int cfi_rand_callers(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 	s32 *s;
 
 	for (s = start; s < end; s++) {
 		void *addr = (void *)s + *s;
-		void *wr_addr;
 		u32 hash;
 
 		addr -= fineibt_caller_size;
-		wr_addr = module_writable_address(mod, addr);
-		hash = decode_caller_hash(wr_addr);
+		hash = decode_caller_hash(addr);
 		if (hash) {
 			hash = -cfi_rehash(hash);
-			text_poke_early(wr_addr + 2, &hash, 4);
+			text_poke_early(addr + 2, &hash, 4);
 		}
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int cfi_rewrite_callers(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
+static int cfi_rewrite_callers(s32 *start, s32 *end)
 {
 	s32 *s;
 
 	for (s = start; s < end; s++) {
 		void *addr = (void *)s + *s;
-		void *wr_addr;
 		u32 hash;
 
 		addr -= fineibt_caller_size;
-		wr_addr = module_writable_address(mod, addr);
-		hash = decode_caller_hash(wr_addr);
+		hash = decode_caller_hash(addr);
 		if (hash) {
-			text_poke_early(wr_addr, fineibt_caller_start, fineibt_caller_size);
-			WARN_ON(*(u32 *)(wr_addr + fineibt_caller_hash) != 0x12345678);
-			text_poke_early(wr_addr + fineibt_caller_hash, &hash, 4);
+			text_poke_early(addr, fineibt_caller_start, fineibt_caller_size);
+			WARN_ON(*(u32 *)(addr + fineibt_caller_hash) != 0x12345678);
+			text_poke_early(addr + fineibt_caller_hash, &hash, 4);
 		}
 		/* rely on apply_retpolines() */
 	}
@@ -1291,9 +1262,8 @@ static int cfi_rewrite_callers(s32 *start, s32 *end, struct module *mod)
 }
 
 static void __apply_fineibt(s32 *start_retpoline, s32 *end_retpoline,
-			    s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi, struct module *mod)
+			    s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi, bool builtin)
 {
-	bool builtin = mod ? false : true;
 	int ret;
 
 	if (WARN_ONCE(fineibt_preamble_size != 16,
@@ -1311,7 +1281,7 @@ static void __apply_fineibt(s32 *start_retpoline, s32 *end_retpoline,
 	 * rewrite them. This disables all CFI. If this succeeds but any of the
 	 * later stages fails, we're without CFI.
 	 */
-	ret = cfi_disable_callers(start_retpoline, end_retpoline, mod);
+	ret = cfi_disable_callers(start_retpoline, end_retpoline);
 	if (ret)
 		goto err;
 
@@ -1322,11 +1292,11 @@ static void __apply_fineibt(s32 *start_retpoline, s32 *end_retpoline,
 			cfi_bpf_subprog_hash = cfi_rehash(cfi_bpf_subprog_hash);
 		}
 
-		ret = cfi_rand_preamble(start_cfi, end_cfi, mod);
+		ret = cfi_rand_preamble(start_cfi, end_cfi);
 		if (ret)
 			goto err;
 
-		ret = cfi_rand_callers(start_retpoline, end_retpoline, mod);
+		ret = cfi_rand_callers(start_retpoline, end_retpoline);
 		if (ret)
 			goto err;
 	}
@@ -1338,7 +1308,7 @@ static void __apply_fineibt(s32 *start_retpoline, s32 *end_retpoline,
 		return;
 
 	case CFI_KCFI:
-		ret = cfi_enable_callers(start_retpoline, end_retpoline, mod);
+		ret = cfi_enable_callers(start_retpoline, end_retpoline);
 		if (ret)
 			goto err;
 
@@ -1348,17 +1318,17 @@ static void __apply_fineibt(s32 *start_retpoline, s32 *end_retpoline,
 
 	case CFI_FINEIBT:
 		/* place the FineIBT preamble at func()-16 */
-		ret = cfi_rewrite_preamble(start_cfi, end_cfi, mod);
+		ret = cfi_rewrite_preamble(start_cfi, end_cfi);
 		if (ret)
 			goto err;
 
 		/* rewrite the callers to target func()-16 */
-		ret = cfi_rewrite_callers(start_retpoline, end_retpoline, mod);
+		ret = cfi_rewrite_callers(start_retpoline, end_retpoline);
 		if (ret)
 			goto err;
 
 		/* now that nobody targets func()+0, remove ENDBR there */
-		cfi_rewrite_endbr(start_cfi, end_cfi, mod);
+		cfi_rewrite_endbr(start_cfi, end_cfi);
 
 		if (builtin)
 			pr_info("Using FineIBT CFI\n");
@@ -1377,7 +1347,7 @@ static inline void poison_hash(void *addr)
 	*(u32 *)addr = 0;
 }
 
-static void poison_cfi(void *addr, void *wr_addr)
+static void poison_cfi(void *addr)
 {
 	switch (cfi_mode) {
 	case CFI_FINEIBT:
@@ -1389,8 +1359,8 @@ static void poison_cfi(void *addr, void *wr_addr)
 		 *	ud2
 		 * 1:	nop
 		 */
-		poison_endbr(addr, wr_addr, false);
-		poison_hash(wr_addr + fineibt_preamble_hash);
+		poison_endbr(addr, false);
+		poison_hash(addr + fineibt_preamble_hash);
 		break;
 
 	case CFI_KCFI:
@@ -1399,7 +1369,7 @@ static void poison_cfi(void *addr, void *wr_addr)
 		 *	movl	$0, %eax
 		 *	.skip	11, 0x90
 		 */
-		poison_hash(wr_addr + 1);
+		poison_hash(addr + 1);
 		break;
 
 	default:
@@ -1410,21 +1380,22 @@ static void poison_cfi(void *addr, void *wr_addr)
 #else
 
 static void __apply_fineibt(s32 *start_retpoline, s32 *end_retpoline,
-			    s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi, struct module *mod)
+			    s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi, bool builtin)
 {
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_KERNEL_IBT
-static void poison_cfi(void *addr, void *wr_addr) { }
+static void poison_cfi(void *addr) { }
 #endif
 
 #endif
 
 void apply_fineibt(s32 *start_retpoline, s32 *end_retpoline,
-		   s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi, struct module *mod)
+		   s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi)
 {
 	return __apply_fineibt(start_retpoline, end_retpoline,
-			       start_cfi, end_cfi, mod);
+			       start_cfi, end_cfi,
+			       /* .builtin = */ false);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
@@ -1721,16 +1692,16 @@ void __init alternative_instructions(void)
 	paravirt_set_cap();
 
 	__apply_fineibt(__retpoline_sites, __retpoline_sites_end,
-			__cfi_sites, __cfi_sites_end, NULL);
+			__cfi_sites, __cfi_sites_end, true);
 
 	/*
 	 * Rewrite the retpolines, must be done before alternatives since
 	 * those can rewrite the retpoline thunks.
 	 */
-	apply_retpolines(__retpoline_sites, __retpoline_sites_end, NULL);
-	apply_returns(__return_sites, __return_sites_end, NULL);
+	apply_retpolines(__retpoline_sites, __retpoline_sites_end);
+	apply_returns(__return_sites, __return_sites_end);
 
-	apply_alternatives(__alt_instructions, __alt_instructions_end, NULL);
+	apply_alternatives(__alt_instructions, __alt_instructions_end);
 
 	/*
 	 * Now all calls are established. Apply the call thunks if
@@ -1741,7 +1712,7 @@ void __init alternative_instructions(void)
 	/*
 	 * Seal all functions that do not have their address taken.
 	 */
-	apply_seal_endbr(__ibt_endbr_seal, __ibt_endbr_seal_end, NULL);
+	apply_seal_endbr(__ibt_endbr_seal, __ibt_endbr_seal_end);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 	/* Patch to UP if other cpus not imminent. */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c
index 4dd0ad6c94d6..adb09f78edb2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c
@@ -118,13 +118,10 @@ ftrace_modify_code_direct(unsigned long ip, const char *old_code,
 		return ret;
 
 	/* replace the text with the new text */
-	if (ftrace_poke_late) {
+	if (ftrace_poke_late)
 		text_poke_queue((void *)ip, new_code, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE, NULL);
-	} else {
-		mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
-		text_poke((void *)ip, new_code, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE);
-		mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
-	}
+	else
+		text_poke_early((void *)ip, new_code, MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -321,7 +318,7 @@ create_trampoline(struct ftrace_ops *ops, unsigned int *tramp_size)
 	unsigned const char op_ref[] = { 0x48, 0x8b, 0x15 };
 	unsigned const char retq[] = { RET_INSN_OPCODE, INT3_INSN_OPCODE };
 	union ftrace_op_code_union op_ptr;
-	void *ret;
+	int ret;
 
 	if (ops->flags & FTRACE_OPS_FL_SAVE_REGS) {
 		start_offset = (unsigned long)ftrace_regs_caller;
@@ -352,15 +349,15 @@ create_trampoline(struct ftrace_ops *ops, unsigned int *tramp_size)
 	npages = DIV_ROUND_UP(*tramp_size, PAGE_SIZE);
 
 	/* Copy ftrace_caller onto the trampoline memory */
-	ret = text_poke_copy(trampoline, (void *)start_offset, size);
-	if (WARN_ON(!ret))
+	ret = copy_from_kernel_nofault(trampoline, (void *)start_offset, size);
+	if (WARN_ON(ret < 0))
 		goto fail;
 
 	ip = trampoline + size;
 	if (cpu_feature_enabled(X86_FEATURE_RETHUNK))
 		__text_gen_insn(ip, JMP32_INSN_OPCODE, ip, x86_return_thunk, JMP32_INSN_SIZE);
 	else
-		text_poke_copy(ip, retq, sizeof(retq));
+		memcpy(ip, retq, sizeof(retq));
 
 	/* No need to test direct calls on created trampolines */
 	if (ops->flags & FTRACE_OPS_FL_SAVE_REGS) {
@@ -368,7 +365,8 @@ create_trampoline(struct ftrace_ops *ops, unsigned int *tramp_size)
 		ip = trampoline + (jmp_offset - start_offset);
 		if (WARN_ON(*(char *)ip != 0x75))
 			goto fail;
-		if (!text_poke_copy(ip, x86_nops[2], 2))
+		ret = copy_from_kernel_nofault(ip, x86_nops[2], 2);
+		if (ret < 0)
 			goto fail;
 	}
 
@@ -381,7 +379,7 @@ create_trampoline(struct ftrace_ops *ops, unsigned int *tramp_size)
 	 */
 
 	ptr = (unsigned long *)(trampoline + size + RET_SIZE);
-	text_poke_copy(ptr, &ops, sizeof(unsigned long));
+	*ptr = (unsigned long)ops;
 
 	op_offset -= start_offset;
 	memcpy(&op_ptr, trampoline + op_offset, OP_REF_SIZE);
@@ -397,7 +395,7 @@ create_trampoline(struct ftrace_ops *ops, unsigned int *tramp_size)
 	op_ptr.offset = offset;
 
 	/* put in the new offset to the ftrace_ops */
-	text_poke_copy(trampoline + op_offset, &op_ptr, OP_REF_SIZE);
+	memcpy(trampoline + op_offset, &op_ptr, OP_REF_SIZE);
 
 	/* put in the call to the function */
 	mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
@@ -407,9 +405,9 @@ create_trampoline(struct ftrace_ops *ops, unsigned int *tramp_size)
 	 * the depth accounting before the call already.
 	 */
 	dest = ftrace_ops_get_func(ops);
-	text_poke_copy_locked(trampoline + call_offset,
-	      text_gen_insn(CALL_INSN_OPCODE, trampoline + call_offset, dest),
-	      CALL_INSN_SIZE, false);
+	memcpy(trampoline + call_offset,
+	       text_gen_insn(CALL_INSN_OPCODE, trampoline + call_offset, dest),
+	       CALL_INSN_SIZE);
 	mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
 
 	/* ALLOC_TRAMP flags lets us know we created it */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/module.c b/arch/x86/kernel/module.c
index 8984abd91c00..837450b6e882 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/module.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/module.c
@@ -146,21 +146,18 @@ static int __write_relocate_add(Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
 		}
 
 		if (apply) {
-			void *wr_loc = module_writable_address(me, loc);
-
-			if (memcmp(wr_loc, &zero, size)) {
+			if (memcmp(loc, &zero, size)) {
 				pr_err("x86/modules: Invalid relocation target, existing value is nonzero for type %d, loc %p, val %Lx\n",
 				       (int)ELF64_R_TYPE(rel[i].r_info), loc, val);
 				return -ENOEXEC;
 			}
-			write(wr_loc, &val, size);
+			write(loc, &val, size);
 		} else {
 			if (memcmp(loc, &val, size)) {
 				pr_warn("x86/modules: Invalid relocation target, existing value does not match expected value for type %d, loc %p, val %Lx\n",
 					(int)ELF64_R_TYPE(rel[i].r_info), loc, val);
 				return -ENOEXEC;
 			}
-			/* FIXME: needs care for ROX module allocations */
 			write(loc, &zero, size);
 		}
 	}
@@ -227,7 +224,7 @@ int module_finalize(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr,
 		    const Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,
 		    struct module *me)
 {
-	const Elf_Shdr *s, *alt = NULL,
+	const Elf_Shdr *s, *alt = NULL, *locks = NULL,
 		*orc = NULL, *orc_ip = NULL,
 		*retpolines = NULL, *returns = NULL, *ibt_endbr = NULL,
 		*calls = NULL, *cfi = NULL;
@@ -236,6 +233,8 @@ int module_finalize(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr,
 	for (s = sechdrs; s < sechdrs + hdr->e_shnum; s++) {
 		if (!strcmp(".altinstructions", secstrings + s->sh_name))
 			alt = s;
+		if (!strcmp(".smp_locks", secstrings + s->sh_name))
+			locks = s;
 		if (!strcmp(".orc_unwind", secstrings + s->sh_name))
 			orc = s;
 		if (!strcmp(".orc_unwind_ip", secstrings + s->sh_name))
@@ -266,20 +265,20 @@ int module_finalize(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr,
 			csize = cfi->sh_size;
 		}
 
-		apply_fineibt(rseg, rseg + rsize, cseg, cseg + csize, me);
+		apply_fineibt(rseg, rseg + rsize, cseg, cseg + csize);
 	}
 	if (retpolines) {
 		void *rseg = (void *)retpolines->sh_addr;
-		apply_retpolines(rseg, rseg + retpolines->sh_size, me);
+		apply_retpolines(rseg, rseg + retpolines->sh_size);
 	}
 	if (returns) {
 		void *rseg = (void *)returns->sh_addr;
-		apply_returns(rseg, rseg + returns->sh_size, me);
+		apply_returns(rseg, rseg + returns->sh_size);
 	}
 	if (alt) {
 		/* patch .altinstructions */
 		void *aseg = (void *)alt->sh_addr;
-		apply_alternatives(aseg, aseg + alt->sh_size, me);
+		apply_alternatives(aseg, aseg + alt->sh_size);
 	}
 	if (calls || alt) {
 		struct callthunk_sites cs = {};
@@ -298,28 +297,8 @@ int module_finalize(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr,
 	}
 	if (ibt_endbr) {
 		void *iseg = (void *)ibt_endbr->sh_addr;
-		apply_seal_endbr(iseg, iseg + ibt_endbr->sh_size, me);
+		apply_seal_endbr(iseg, iseg + ibt_endbr->sh_size);
 	}
-
-	if (orc && orc_ip)
-		unwind_module_init(me, (void *)orc_ip->sh_addr, orc_ip->sh_size,
-				   (void *)orc->sh_addr, orc->sh_size);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int module_post_finalize(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr,
-			 const Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,
-			 struct module *me)
-{
-	const Elf_Shdr *s, *locks = NULL;
-	char *secstrings = (void *)hdr + sechdrs[hdr->e_shstrndx].sh_offset;
-
-	for (s = sechdrs; s < sechdrs + hdr->e_shnum; s++) {
-		if (!strcmp(".smp_locks", secstrings + s->sh_name))
-			locks = s;
-	}
-
 	if (locks) {
 		void *lseg = (void *)locks->sh_addr;
 		void *text = me->mem[MOD_TEXT].base;
@@ -329,6 +308,10 @@ int module_post_finalize(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr,
 					    text, text_end);
 	}
 
+	if (orc && orc_ip)
+		unwind_module_init(me, (void *)orc_ip->sh_addr, orc_ip->sh_size,
+				   (void *)orc->sh_addr, orc->sh_size);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
-- 
2.45.2

[PATCH v2 09/10] module: drop unused module_writable_address()

[Mike Rapoport]

From: "Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)" <rppt@kernel.org>

module_writable_address() is unused and can be removed.

Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
---
 include/linux/module.h | 10 ----------
 1 file changed, 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/module.h b/include/linux/module.h
index e9fc9d1fa476..222099bb07cf 100644
--- a/include/linux/module.h
+++ b/include/linux/module.h
@@ -774,11 +774,6 @@ static inline bool is_livepatch_module(struct module *mod)
 
 void set_module_sig_enforced(void);
 
-static inline void *module_writable_address(struct module *mod, void *loc)
-{
-	return loc;
-}
-
 #else /* !CONFIG_MODULES... */
 
 static inline struct module *__module_address(unsigned long addr)
@@ -886,11 +881,6 @@ static inline bool module_is_coming(struct module *mod)
 {
 	return false;
 }
-
-static inline void *module_writable_address(struct module *mod, void *loc)
-{
-	return loc;
-}
 #endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
-- 
2.45.2

[PATCH v2 10/10] x86: re-enable EXECMEM_ROX support

[Mike Rapoport]

From: "Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)" <rppt@kernel.org>

after rework of execmem ROX caches

Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
---
 arch/x86/Kconfig | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/Kconfig b/arch/x86/Kconfig
index ef6cfea9df73..9d7bd0ae48c4 100644
--- a/arch/x86/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/x86/Kconfig
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ config X86
 	select ARCH_HAS_DMA_OPS			if GART_IOMMU || XEN
 	select ARCH_HAS_EARLY_DEBUG		if KGDB
 	select ARCH_HAS_ELF_RANDOMIZE
+	select ARCH_HAS_EXECMEM_ROX		if X86_64
 	select ARCH_HAS_FAST_MULTIPLIER
 	select ARCH_HAS_FORTIFY_SOURCE
 	select ARCH_HAS_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL
-- 
2.45.2

Re: [PATCH v2 00/10] x86/module: rework ROX cache to avoid writable copy

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Tue, Jan 21, 2025 at 11:57:29AM +0200, Mike Rapoport wrote:

> Kirill A. Shutemov (1):
>   x86/mm/pat: restore large ROX pages after fragmentation

The duplication between pmd and pud collapse is a bit annoying, but so
be it.

> Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) (9):
>   x86/mm/pat: cpa-test: fix length for CPA_ARRAY test
>   x86/mm/pat: drop duplicate variable in cpa_flush()
>   execmem: don't remove ROX cache from the direct map
>   execmem: add API for temporal remapping as RW and restoring ROX afterwards
>   module: introduce MODULE_STATE_GONE
>   module: switch to execmem API for remapping as RW and restoring ROX
>   Revert "x86/module: prepare module loading for ROX allocations of text"
>   module: drop unused module_writable_address()
>   x86: re-enable EXECMEM_ROX support

All these look good on a first reading, let me go build and test the
various options.

Re: [PATCH v2 00/10] x86/module: rework ROX cache to avoid writable copy

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Tue, Jan 21, 2025 at 01:36:47PM +0100, Peter Zijlstra wrote:
> On Tue, Jan 21, 2025 at 11:57:29AM +0200, Mike Rapoport wrote:
> 
> > Kirill A. Shutemov (1):
> >   x86/mm/pat: restore large ROX pages after fragmentation
> 
> The duplication between pmd and pud collapse is a bit annoying, but so
> be it.
> 
> > Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) (9):
> >   x86/mm/pat: cpa-test: fix length for CPA_ARRAY test
> >   x86/mm/pat: drop duplicate variable in cpa_flush()
> >   execmem: don't remove ROX cache from the direct map
> >   execmem: add API for temporal remapping as RW and restoring ROX afterwards
> >   module: introduce MODULE_STATE_GONE
> >   module: switch to execmem API for remapping as RW and restoring ROX
> >   Revert "x86/module: prepare module loading for ROX allocations of text"
> >   module: drop unused module_writable_address()
> >   x86: re-enable EXECMEM_ROX support
> 
> All these look good on a first reading, let me go build and test the
> various options.

I've tested:

GCC:  ibt=off
      ibt=on
LLVM: ibt-off,cfi=off
      ibt=off,cfi=kcfi
      ibt=on,cfi=off
      ibt=on,cfi=kcfi
      ibt=on,cfi=fineibt

And all of them were able to load a module, so yay!

My plan is to merge these patches into tip/x86/mm once we have -rc1.