The build fails almost immediately like so: make[1]: Entering directory `/tmp/uml/linux/arch/um/sys-i386/util' gcc-2.95.4 -c mk_thread_user.c gcc-2.95.4 -D__KERNEL__ -I/tmp/uml/linux/include -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wno-trigraphs -O2 -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -U__i386__ -Ui386 -DUM_FASTCALL -g -D__arch_um__ -DSUBARCH=\"i386\" -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -I/tmp/uml/linux/arch/um/include -Derrno=kernel_errno -I/tmp/uml/linux/arch/um/kernel/skas/include -c mk_thread_kern.c In file included from /tmp/uml/linux/include/asm/ptrace-generic.h:26, from /tmp/uml/linux/include/asm/ptrace.h:10, from /tmp/uml/linux/include/linux/ptrace.h:24, from /tmp/uml/linux/include/linux/binfmts.h:4, from /tmp/uml/linux/include/linux/sched.h:9, from mk_thread_kern.c:3: /tmp/uml/linux/arch/um/include/skas_ptrace.h:9: redefinition of `struct ptrace_faultinfo' /tmp/uml/linux/arch/um/include/skas_ptrace.h:14: redefinition of `struct ptrace_ldt' make[1]: *** [mk_thread_kern.o] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/uml/linux/arch/um/sys-i386/util' make: *** [arch/um/sys-i386/util/mk_thread] Error 2 because skas_ptrace.h is being included after include/asm-um/arch/ptrace.h, which defines the same structures. bzipped preprocessed source: