[PATCH 0/2] xfs: fix a couple of swap extent issues

[PATCH 0/2] xfs: fix a couple of swap extent issues

[Dave Chinner]

Hi folks,

Eric pointed out that this morning that if xfs_fsr didn't fsync the
target file, the swap extents ioctl deadlocked. Dumb bug, simple
fix. I also made sure that swap extent treats both inodes the same
in terms of flushing, page cache pages and being mmap()d so that if
anyone other than xfs_fsr uses it it doesn't go boom when the second
inode is not a newly created empty file.

Thoughts?

-Dave.

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[PATCH 1/2] xfs: fix swapext ilock deadlock

[Dave Chinner]

From: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>

xfs_swap_extents() holds the ilock over a call to
filemap_write_and_wait(), which can then try to write data and take
the ilock. That causes a self-deadlock.

Fix the deadlock and clean up the code by separating the locking
appropriately. Add a lockflags variable to track what locks we are
holding as we gain and drop them and cleanup the error handling to
always use "out_unlock" with the lockflags variable.

Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
---
 fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c | 33 ++++++++++++++++++---------------
 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c b/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c
index 703b3ec..948eba1 100644
--- a/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c
+++ b/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c
@@ -1686,6 +1686,7 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
 	int		aforkblks = 0;
 	int		taforkblks = 0;
 	__uint64_t	tmp;
+	int		lock_flags;
 
 	tempifp = kmem_alloc(sizeof(xfs_ifork_t), KM_MAYFAIL);
 	if (!tempifp) {
@@ -1694,13 +1695,13 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * we have to do two separate lock calls here to keep lockdep
-	 * happy. If we try to get all the locks in one call, lock will
-	 * report false positives when we drop the ILOCK and regain them
-	 * below.
+	 * Lock up the inodes against other IO and truncate to begin with.
+	 * Then we can ensure the inodes are flushed and have no page cache
+	 * safely. Once we have done this we can take the ilocks and do the rest
+	 * of the checks.
 	 */
+	lock_flags = XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL;
 	xfs_lock_two_inodes(ip, tip, XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
-	xfs_lock_two_inodes(ip, tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
 
 	/* Verify that both files have the same format */
 	if ((ip->i_d.di_mode & S_IFMT) != (tip->i_d.di_mode & S_IFMT)) {
@@ -1719,6 +1720,9 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
 		goto out_unlock;
 	truncate_pagecache_range(VFS_I(tip), 0, -1);
 
+	xfs_lock_two_inodes(ip, tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
+	lock_flags |= XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
+
 	/* Verify O_DIRECT for ftmp */
 	if (VN_CACHED(VFS_I(tip)) != 0) {
 		error = XFS_ERROR(EINVAL);
@@ -1773,6 +1777,7 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
 
 	xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
 	xfs_iunlock(tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
+	lock_flags &= ~XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
 
 	/*
 	 * There is a race condition here since we gave up the
@@ -1785,13 +1790,11 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
 
 	tp = xfs_trans_alloc(mp, XFS_TRANS_SWAPEXT);
 	error = xfs_trans_reserve(tp, &M_RES(mp)->tr_ichange, 0, 0);
-	if (error) {
-		xfs_iunlock(ip,  XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
-		xfs_iunlock(tip, XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
-		xfs_trans_cancel(tp, 0);
-		goto out;
-	}
+	if (error)
+		goto out_trans_cancel;
+
 	xfs_lock_two_inodes(ip, tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
+	lock_flags |= XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
 
 	/*
 	 * Count the number of extended attribute blocks
@@ -1810,8 +1813,8 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
 			goto out_trans_cancel;
 	}
 
-	xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL | XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
-	xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL | XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
+	xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, ip, lock_flags);
+	xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, tip, lock_flags);
 
 	/*
 	 * Before we've swapped the forks, lets set the owners of the forks
@@ -1940,8 +1943,8 @@ out:
 	return error;
 
 out_unlock:
-	xfs_iunlock(ip,  XFS_ILOCK_EXCL | XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
-	xfs_iunlock(tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL | XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
+	xfs_iunlock(ip, lock_flags);
+	xfs_iunlock(tip, lock_flags);
 	goto out;
 
 out_trans_cancel:
-- 
2.0.0

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[PATCH 2/2] xfs: flush both inodes in xfs_swap_extents

[Dave Chinner]

From: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>

We need to treat both inodes identically from a page ache point of
view when preapreing them for extent swapping. We don't do this
right now - we assume that one of the inodes empty, because that's
what xfs-fsr currently does. Remove this assumption from the code.

While factoring out the flushing and related checks, move the
transactions reservation to immeidately after the flushes so that we
don't need to pick up and then drop the ilock to do the transaction
reservation. There are no issues with aborting the transaction it if
the checks fail before we join the inodes to the transaction and
dirty them, so this is a safe change to make.

Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
---
 fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c | 80 +++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------------
 1 file changed, 37 insertions(+), 43 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c b/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c
index 948eba1..7eac7c4 100644
--- a/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c
+++ b/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c
@@ -1672,6 +1672,30 @@ xfs_swap_extents_check_format(
 }
 
 int
+xfs_swap_extent_flush(
+	struct xfs_inode	*ip)
+{
+	int	error;
+
+	error = -filemap_write_and_wait(VFS_I(ip)->i_mapping);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+	truncate_pagecache_range(VFS_I(ip), 0, -1);
+
+	/* Verify O_DIRECT for ftmp */
+	if (VFS_I(ip)->i_mapping->nrpages)
+		return EINVAL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Don't try to swap extents on mmap()d files because we can't lock
+	 * out races against page faults safely.
+	 */
+	if (mapping_mapped(VFS_I(ip)->i_mapping))
+		return EBUSY;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
 xfs_swap_extents(
 	xfs_inode_t	*ip,	/* target inode */
 	xfs_inode_t	*tip,	/* tmp inode */
@@ -1715,26 +1739,28 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
 		goto out_unlock;
 	}
 
-	error = -filemap_write_and_wait(VFS_I(tip)->i_mapping);
+	error = xfs_swap_extent_flush(ip);
+	if (error)
+		goto out_unlock;
+	error = xfs_swap_extent_flush(tip);
 	if (error)
 		goto out_unlock;
-	truncate_pagecache_range(VFS_I(tip), 0, -1);
-
-	xfs_lock_two_inodes(ip, tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
-	lock_flags |= XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
 
-	/* Verify O_DIRECT for ftmp */
-	if (VN_CACHED(VFS_I(tip)) != 0) {
-		error = XFS_ERROR(EINVAL);
+	tp = xfs_trans_alloc(mp, XFS_TRANS_SWAPEXT);
+	error = xfs_trans_reserve(tp, &M_RES(mp)->tr_ichange, 0, 0);
+	if (error) {
+		xfs_trans_cancel(tp, 0);
 		goto out_unlock;
 	}
+	xfs_lock_two_inodes(ip, tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
+	lock_flags |= XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
 
 	/* Verify all data are being swapped */
 	if (sxp->sx_offset != 0 ||
 	    sxp->sx_length != ip->i_d.di_size ||
 	    sxp->sx_length != tip->i_d.di_size) {
 		error = XFS_ERROR(EFAULT);
-		goto out_unlock;
+		goto out_trans_cancel;
 	}
 
 	trace_xfs_swap_extent_before(ip, 0);
@@ -1746,7 +1772,7 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
 		xfs_notice(mp,
 		    "%s: inode 0x%llx format is incompatible for exchanging.",
 				__func__, ip->i_ino);
-		goto out_unlock;
+		goto out_trans_cancel;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1761,40 +1787,8 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
 	    (sbp->bs_mtime.tv_sec != VFS_I(ip)->i_mtime.tv_sec) ||
 	    (sbp->bs_mtime.tv_nsec != VFS_I(ip)->i_mtime.tv_nsec)) {
 		error = XFS_ERROR(EBUSY);
-		goto out_unlock;
-	}
-
-	/* We need to fail if the file is memory mapped.  Once we have tossed
-	 * all existing pages, the page fault will have no option
-	 * but to go to the filesystem for pages. By making the page fault call
-	 * vop_read (or write in the case of autogrow) they block on the iolock
-	 * until we have switched the extents.
-	 */
-	if (VN_MAPPED(VFS_I(ip))) {
-		error = XFS_ERROR(EBUSY);
-		goto out_unlock;
-	}
-
-	xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
-	xfs_iunlock(tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
-	lock_flags &= ~XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
-
-	/*
-	 * There is a race condition here since we gave up the
-	 * ilock.  However, the data fork will not change since
-	 * we have the iolock (locked for truncation too) so we
-	 * are safe.  We don't really care if non-io related
-	 * fields change.
-	 */
-	truncate_pagecache_range(VFS_I(ip), 0, -1);
-
-	tp = xfs_trans_alloc(mp, XFS_TRANS_SWAPEXT);
-	error = xfs_trans_reserve(tp, &M_RES(mp)->tr_ichange, 0, 0);
-	if (error)
 		goto out_trans_cancel;
-
-	xfs_lock_two_inodes(ip, tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
-	lock_flags |= XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Count the number of extended attribute blocks
-- 
2.0.0

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Re: [PATCH 1/2] xfs: fix swapext ilock deadlock

[Brian Foster]

On Fri, Jun 06, 2014 at 06:22:52PM +1000, Dave Chinner wrote:
> From: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
> 
> xfs_swap_extents() holds the ilock over a call to
> filemap_write_and_wait(), which can then try to write data and take
> the ilock. That causes a self-deadlock.
> 
> Fix the deadlock and clean up the code by separating the locking
> appropriately. Add a lockflags variable to track what locks we are
> holding as we gain and drop them and cleanup the error handling to
> always use "out_unlock" with the lockflags variable.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
> ---
>  fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c | 33 ++++++++++++++++++---------------
>  1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c b/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c
> index 703b3ec..948eba1 100644
> --- a/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c
> +++ b/fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c
> @@ -1686,6 +1686,7 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
>  	int		aforkblks = 0;
>  	int		taforkblks = 0;
>  	__uint64_t	tmp;
> +	int		lock_flags;
>  
>  	tempifp = kmem_alloc(sizeof(xfs_ifork_t), KM_MAYFAIL);
>  	if (!tempifp) {
> @@ -1694,13 +1695,13 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
>  	}
>  
>  	/*
> -	 * we have to do two separate lock calls here to keep lockdep
> -	 * happy. If we try to get all the locks in one call, lock will
> -	 * report false positives when we drop the ILOCK and regain them
> -	 * below.
> +	 * Lock up the inodes against other IO and truncate to begin with.
> +	 * Then we can ensure the inodes are flushed and have no page cache
> +	 * safely. Once we have done this we can take the ilocks and do the rest
> +	 * of the checks.
>  	 */
> +	lock_flags = XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL;
>  	xfs_lock_two_inodes(ip, tip, XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
> -	xfs_lock_two_inodes(ip, tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
>  
>  	/* Verify that both files have the same format */
>  	if ((ip->i_d.di_mode & S_IFMT) != (tip->i_d.di_mode & S_IFMT)) {

Perhaps move these checks further down to where we eventually grab the
ilock..? It's not clear to me if that is important.

I was going to suggest to pull up the tp allocation as well to eliminate
the ilock lock/unlock/lock cycle, but it looks like you've done that in
patch 2. However...

> @@ -1719,6 +1720,9 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
>  		goto out_unlock;
>  	truncate_pagecache_range(VFS_I(tip), 0, -1);
>  
> +	xfs_lock_two_inodes(ip, tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
> +	lock_flags |= XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
> +
>  	/* Verify O_DIRECT for ftmp */
>  	if (VN_CACHED(VFS_I(tip)) != 0) {
>  		error = XFS_ERROR(EINVAL);
> @@ -1773,6 +1777,7 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
>  
>  	xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
>  	xfs_iunlock(tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
> +	lock_flags &= ~XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
>  
>  	/*
>  	 * There is a race condition here since we gave up the
> @@ -1785,13 +1790,11 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
>  
>  	tp = xfs_trans_alloc(mp, XFS_TRANS_SWAPEXT);
>  	error = xfs_trans_reserve(tp, &M_RES(mp)->tr_ichange, 0, 0);
> -	if (error) {
> -		xfs_iunlock(ip,  XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
> -		xfs_iunlock(tip, XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
> -		xfs_trans_cancel(tp, 0);
> -		goto out;
> -	}
> +	if (error)
> +		goto out_trans_cancel;
> +
>  	xfs_lock_two_inodes(ip, tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
> +	lock_flags |= XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
>  
>  	/*
>  	 * Count the number of extended attribute blocks
> @@ -1810,8 +1813,8 @@ xfs_swap_extents(
>  			goto out_trans_cancel;
>  	}
>  
> -	xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL | XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
> -	xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL | XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
> +	xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, ip, lock_flags);
> +	xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, tip, lock_flags);
>  

This still stays around in the middle of the function. It looks to me
that the error handling is broken here irrespective of these changes.
e.g., the xfs_trans_cancel() will unlock the inodes assuming the lock
flags are transferred to the tp when the inodes are joined, yes?

If so, out_trans_cancel will try to unlock the inodes after the cancel,
even after the inodes have been joined. It might be good to join the
inodes immediately after we acquire all the required locks (which is
right after we take care of the transaction with both of these patches
applied) and fix out_trans_cancel appropriately.

Brian

>  	/*
>  	 * Before we've swapped the forks, lets set the owners of the forks
> @@ -1940,8 +1943,8 @@ out:
>  	return error;
>  
>  out_unlock:
> -	xfs_iunlock(ip,  XFS_ILOCK_EXCL | XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
> -	xfs_iunlock(tip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL | XFS_IOLOCK_EXCL);
> +	xfs_iunlock(ip, lock_flags);
> +	xfs_iunlock(tip, lock_flags);
>  	goto out;
>  
>  out_trans_cancel:
> -- 
> 2.0.0
> 
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