Re: PM / hibernate xfs lock up / xfs_reclaim_inodes_ag

["Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>]

On Wednesday, July 13, 2011, Dave Chinner wrote:
> On Tue, Jul 12, 2011 at 06:05:01PM +0200, Christoph wrote:
> > Hi!
> > 
> > I'd like you to have a look into this issue:
> > 
> > pm-hibernate locks up when using xfs while "Preallocating image memory".
> > 
> > https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=33622
> > 
> > I got at least this backtrace (2.6.39.3)
> > 
> > tia
> > 
> > chris
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > SysRq : Show Blocked State
> > 
> > pm-hibernate    D 0000000000000000     0  3638   3637 0x00000000
> >  ffff8800017bf918 0000000000000082 ffff8800017be010 ffff880000000000
> >  ffff8800017be010 ffff88000b8a6170 0000000000013900 ffff8800017bffd8
> >  ffff8800017bffd8 0000000000013900 ffffffff8148b020 ffff88000b8a6170
> > Call Trace:
> >  [<ffffffff81344ce2>] schedule_timeout+0x22/0xbb
> >  [<ffffffff81344b64>] wait_for_common+0xcb/0x148
> >  [<ffffffff810408ea>] ? try_to_wake_up+0x18c/0x18c
> >  [<ffffffff81345527>] ? down_write+0x2d/0x31
> >  [<ffffffff81344c7b>] wait_for_completion+0x18/0x1a
> >  [<ffffffffa02374da>] xfs_reclaim_inode+0x74/0x258 [xfs]
> >  [<ffffffffa0237853>] xfs_reclaim_inodes_ag+0x195/0x264 [xfs]
> >  [<ffffffffa0237974>] xfs_reclaim_inode_shrink+0x52/0x90 [xfs]
> >  [<ffffffff810c4e21>] shrink_slab+0xdb/0x151
> >  [<ffffffff810c625a>] do_try_to_free_pages+0x204/0x39a
> >  [<ffffffff8134ce4e>] ? apic_timer_interrupt+0xe/0x20
> >  [<ffffffff810c647f>] shrink_all_memory+0x8f/0xa8
> >  [<ffffffff810cc41a>] ? next_online_pgdat+0x20/0x41
> >  [<ffffffff8107937d>] hibernate_preallocate_memory+0x1c4/0x30f
> >  [<ffffffff811a8fa2>] ? kobject_put+0x47/0x4b
> >  [<ffffffff81077eb2>] hibernation_snapshot+0x45/0x281
> >  [<ffffffff810781bf>] hibernate+0xd1/0x1b8
> >  [<ffffffff81076c58>] state_store+0x57/0xce
> >  [<ffffffff811a8d0b>] kobj_attr_store+0x17/0x19
> >  [<ffffffff81152bda>] sysfs_write_file+0xfc/0x138
> >  [<ffffffff810fca74>] vfs_write+0xa9/0x105
> >  [<ffffffff810fcb89>] sys_write+0x45/0x6c
> >  [<ffffffff8134c492>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
> 
> It's waiting for IO completion, and holding an AG scan lock.
> 
> And IO completion requires a workqueue to run. Just FYI, this
> process of inode reclaim can dirty the filesystem, long after
> hibernate have assumed that it is clean due to the sys_sync() call
> you do after freezing the processes. I pointed out this flaw in
> using sync to write dirty data prior to hibernate a couple of years
> ago.

However, attempts to remove the sys_sync() from the hibernate code
were objected to by some developers, since they believe it will increase
the probability of data loss in case of a failing hibernation in general. 

> Anyway, it's a good thing that XFS doesn't use freezable work
> queues, otherwise it would hang on every hibernate. Perhaps I should
> do that to force hibernate to do things properly in filesystems
> land.

Well, I'd say it's a very well known fact that filesystems are not
handled in any special way during hibernation, which is not a good
thing.  Nevertheless, I've never seen anyone from the filesystems land
pay any kind of attention to this issue.

> However, it is entirely possible that something else that XFS relies
> on for IO completion has been put to sleep by this point.
> 
> /me finds the smoking cannon:
> 
> [  648.794455] xfsbufd/sda3    D 0000000000000000     0   192      2 0x00000000
> [  648.794455]  ffff88003720be00 0000000000000046 ffff88003720bd90 ffffffff00000000
> [  648.794455]  ffff88003720a010 ffff880056bc3580 0000000000013900 ffff88003720bfd8
> [  648.794455]  ffff88003720bfd8 0000000000013900 ffffffff8148b020 ffff880056bc3580
> [  648.794455] Call Trace:
> [  648.794455]  [<ffffffff81065c0a>] refrigerator+0xbd/0xd3
> [  648.794455]  [<ffffffffa022d072>] xfsbufd+0x93/0x14d [xfs]
> [  648.794455]  [<ffffffffa022cfdf>] ? xfs_free_buftarg+0x4c/0x4c [xfs]
> [  648.794455]  [<ffffffff8105f25a>] kthread+0x7d/0x85
> [  648.794455]  [<ffffffff8134d6e4>] kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10
> [  648.794455]  [<ffffffff8105f1dd>] ? kthread_worker_fn+0x148/0x148
> [  648.794455]  [<ffffffff8134d6e0>] ? gs_change+0x13/0x13
> 
> The xfsbufd, responsible for pushing out dirty metadata, has been
> been frozen. sys_sync() does not push out dirty metadata because it
> is already on stable storage in the journal. If the flush lock is
> already held on the inode, then inode reclaim will wait for the
> xfsbufd to flush the backing buffer because reclaim can't do it
> directly. And hibernate has already frozen the xfsbufd.
> 
> IOWs, what hibernate does is:
> 
> 	freeze_processes()
> 	sys_sync()
> 	allocate a large amount of memory
> 
> Freezing the processes causes parts of filesystems to be put in the
> fridge, which means there is no guarantee that sys_sync() actually
> does what it is supposed to. As it is, sys_sync() really only
> guarantees file data is clean in memory - metadata does not need to
> be clean as long s it has been journalled and the journal is safe on
> disk.
>
> Further, allocating memory can cause memory reclaim to enter the
> filesystem and try to free memory held by the filesystem. In XFS (at
> least) this can cause the filesystem to issue tranactions and
> metadata IO to clean the dirty metadata to enable it to be
> reclaimed. So hibernate is effectively guaranteed to dirty the
> filesystem after it has frozen all the worker threads the filesystem
> might rely on.
> 
> Also, by this point kswapd has already been frozen, so hibernate is
> relying totally on direct memory reclaim to free up the memory it
> requires. I'm not sure that's a good idea.
> 
> IOWs, hibernate is still broken by design - and broken in exactly
> the way that was pointed out a couple of years ago by myself and
> others in the filesystem world: sys_sync() does not quiesce or
> guarantee a clean filesystem in memory after it completes.
> 
> There is a solution to this, and it already exists - it's called
> freezing the filesystem. Effectively hibernate needs to allocate
> memory before it freezes kernel/filesystem worker threads:
> 
> 	freeze_userspace_processes()
> 
> 	// just to clean the page cache quickly
> 	sys_sync()
> 
> 	// optionally to free page/inode/dentry caches:
> 		iterate_supers(drop_pagecache_sb, NULL);
> 		drop_slab()
> 
> 	allocate a large amount of memory
> 
> 	// Now quiesce the filesystems and clean remaining metadata
> 	iterate_supers(freeze_super, NULL);
> 
> 	freeze_remaining_processes()
> 
> This guarantees that filesystems are still working when memory
> reclaim comes along to free memory for the hibernate image, and that
> once it is allocated that filesystems will not be changed until
> thawed on the hibernate wakeup.
> 
> So, like I said a couple of years ago: fix hibernate to quiesce
> filesystems properly, and the hibernate will be much more reliable
> and robust and less likely to break randomly in the future.

Why don't you simply submit a patch to do that?

Rafael

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