Re: use-after-free on log replay failure

Alex Lyakas
2014-08-06T12:52:04Z

Hello Dave and Brian,

Dave, I tried the patch you suggested, but it does not fix the issue. I did
some further digging, and it appears that _xfs_buf_ioend(schedule=1) can be
called from xfs_buf_iorequest(), which the patch fixes, but also from
xfs_buf_bio_end_io() which is my case. I am reproducing the issue pretty
easily. The flow that I have is like this:
- xlog_recover() calls xlog_find_tail(). This works alright.
- Now I add a small sleep before calling xlog_do_recover(), and meanwhile I
instruct my block device to return ENOSPC for any WRITE from now on.

What seems to happen is that several WRITE bios are submitted and they all
fail. When they do, they reach xfs_buf_ioend() through a stack like this:

Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.410528] [56]xfs*[xfs_buf_ioend:1056]
XFS(dm-19): Scheduling xfs_buf_iodone_work on error
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.410534] Pid: 56, comm: kworker/u:1
Tainted: G W O 3.8.13-557-generic #1382000791
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.410537] Call Trace:
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.410587] [<ffffffffa04d6654>]
xfs_buf_ioend+0x1a4/0x1b0 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.410621] [<ffffffffa04d6685>]
_xfs_buf_ioend+0x25/0x30 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.410643] [<ffffffffa04d6b3d>]
xfs_buf_bio_end_io+0x3d/0x50 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.410652] [<ffffffff811c3d8d>]
bio_endio+0x1d/0x40
...

At this point, they are scheduled to run xlog_recover_iodone through
xfslogd_workqueue.
The first callback that gets called, calls xfs_do_force_shutdown in stack
like this:

Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.411791] XFS (dm-19): metadata I/O error:
block 0x3780001 ("xlog_recover_iodone") error 28 numblks 1
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413493] XFS (dm-19):
xfs_do_force_shutdown(0x1) called from line 377 of file
/mnt/work/alex/xfs/fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c. Return address =
0xffffffffa0526848
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413837] [<ffffffffa04e0b60>]
xfs_do_force_shutdown+0x40/0x180 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413870] [<ffffffffa0526848>] ?
xlog_recover_iodone+0x48/0x70 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413902] [<ffffffffa0526848>]
xlog_recover_iodone+0x48/0x70 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413923] [<ffffffffa04d645d>]
xfs_buf_iodone_work+0x4d/0xa0 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413930] [<ffffffff81077a11>]
process_one_work+0x141/0x4a0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413937] [<ffffffff810789e8>]
worker_thread+0x168/0x410
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413943] [<ffffffff81078880>] ?
manage_workers+0x120/0x120
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413949] [<ffffffff8107df10>]
kthread+0xc0/0xd0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413954] [<ffffffff8107de50>] ?
flush_kthread_worker+0xb0/0xb0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413976] [<ffffffff816ab86c>]
ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413986] [<ffffffff8107de50>] ?
flush_kthread_worker+0xb0/0xb0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.413990] ---[ end trace
988d698520e1fa81 ]---
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.414012] XFS (dm-19): I/O Error Detected.
Shutting down filesystem
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.415936] XFS (dm-19): Please umount the
filesystem and rectify the problem(s)

But the rest of the callbacks also arrive:
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.417812] XFS (dm-19): metadata I/O error:
block 0x3780002 ("xlog_recover_iodone") error 28 numblks 1
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.420420] XFS (dm-19):
xfs_do_force_shutdown(0x1) called from line 377 of file
/mnt/work/alex/xfs/fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c. Return address =
0xffffffffa0526848
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.420427] XFS (dm-19): metadata I/O error:
block 0x3780008 ("xlog_recover_iodone") error 28 numblks 8
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.422708] XFS (dm-19):
xfs_do_force_shutdown(0x1) called from line 377 of file
/mnt/work/alex/xfs/fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c. Return address =
0xffffffffa0526848
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.422738] XFS (dm-19): metadata I/O error:
block 0x3780010 ("xlog_recover_iodone") error 28 numblks 8

The mount sequence fails and goes back to the caller:
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.423438] XFS (dm-19): log mount/recovery
failed: error 28
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.423757] XFS (dm-19): log mount failed

But there are still additional callbacks to deliver, which the mount
sequence did not wait for!
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.425717] XFS (\x10@dR):
xfs_do_force_shutdown(0x1) called from line 377 of file
/mnt/work/alex/xfs/fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c. Return address =
0xffffffffa0526848
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.425723] XFS (\x10@dR): metadata I/O error:
block 0x3780018 ("xlog_recover_iodone") error 28 numblks 8
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.428239] XFS (\x10@dR):
xfs_do_force_shutdown(0x1) called from line 377 of file
/mnt/work/alex/xfs/fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c. Return address =
0xffffffffa0526848
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.428246] XFS (\x10@dR): metadata I/O error:
block 0x37800a0 ("xlog_recover_iodone") error 28 numblks 16

Notice the junk that they are printing! Naturally, because xfs_mount
structure has been kfreed.

Finally the kernel crashes (instead of printing junk), because the xfs_mount
structure is gone, but the callback tries to access it (printing the name):

Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.430796] general protection fault: 0000
[#1] SMP
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] Modules linked in: xfrm_user
xfrm4_tunnel tunnel4 ipcomp xfrm_ipcomp esp4 ah4 iscsi_scst_tcp(O)
scst_vdisk(O) scst(O) dm_zcache(O) dm_btrfs(O) xfs(O) btrfs(O) libcrc32c
raid456(O) async_pq async_xor xor async_memcpy async_raid6_recov raid6_pq
async_tx raid1(O) md_mod deflate zlib_deflate ctr twofish_generic
twofish_x86_64_3way glue_helper lrw xts gf128mul twofish_x86_64
twofish_common camellia_generic serpent_generic blowfish_generic
blowfish_x86_64 blowfish_common cast5_generic cast_common des_generic xcbc
rmd160 sha512_generic crypto_null af_key xfrm_algo dm_round_robin kvm vfat
fat ppdev psmouse microcode nfsd nfs_acl dm_multipath(O) serio_raw
parport_pc nfsv4 dm_iostat(O) mac_hid i2c_piix4 auth_rpcgss nfs fscache
lockd sunrpc lp parport floppy
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] CPU 1
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] Pid: 133, comm: kworker/1:1H
Tainted: G W O 3.8.13-557-generic #1382000791 Bochs Bochs
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff8133c2cb>]
[<ffffffff8133c2cb>] strnlen+0xb/0x30
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] RSP: 0018:ffff880035461b08
EFLAGS: 00010086
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX:
ffffffff81e6a4e7 RCX: 0000000000000000
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] RDX: e4e8390a265c0000 RSI:
ffffffffffffffff RDI: e4e8390a265c0000
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] RBP: ffff880035461b08 R08:
000000000000ffff R09: 000000000000ffff
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] R10: 0000000000000000 R11:
00000000000004cd R12: e4e8390a265c0000
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] R13: ffffffff81e6a8c0 R14:
0000000000000000 R15: 000000000000ffff
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] FS: 0000000000000000(0000)
GS:ffff88007fc80000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0:
000000008005003b
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] CR2: 00007fc902ffbfd8 CR3:
000000007702a000 CR4: 00000000000006e0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1:
0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6:
00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] Process kworker/1:1H (pid: 133,
threadinfo ffff880035460000, task ffff880035412e00)
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] Stack:
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] ffff880035461b48
ffffffff8133dd5e 0000000000000000 ffffffff81e6a4e7
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] ffffffffa0566cba
ffff880035461c80 ffffffffa0566cba ffffffff81e6a8c0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] ffff880035461bc8
ffffffff8133ef59 ffff880035461bc8 ffffffff81c84040
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] Call Trace:
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff8133dd5e>]
string.isra.4+0x3e/0xd0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff8133ef59>]
vsnprintf+0x219/0x640
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff8133f441>]
vscnprintf+0x11/0x30
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff8105a971>]
vprintk_emit+0xc1/0x490
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff8105aa20>] ?
vprintk_emit+0x170/0x490
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff8168b992>]
printk+0x61/0x63
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffffa04e9bf1>]
__xfs_printk+0x31/0x50 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffffa04e9e43>]
xfs_notice+0x53/0x60 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffffa04e0c15>]
xfs_do_force_shutdown+0xf5/0x180 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffffa0526848>] ?
xlog_recover_iodone+0x48/0x70 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffffa0526848>]
xlog_recover_iodone+0x48/0x70 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffffa04d645d>]
xfs_buf_iodone_work+0x4d/0xa0 [xfs]
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff81077a11>]
process_one_work+0x141/0x4a0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff810789e8>]
worker_thread+0x168/0x410
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff81078880>] ?
manage_workers+0x120/0x120
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff8107df10>]
kthread+0xc0/0xd0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff8107de50>] ?
flush_kthread_worker+0xb0/0xb0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff816ab86c>]
ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] [<ffffffff8107de50>] ?
flush_kthread_worker+0xb0/0xb0
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] Code: 31 c0 80 3f 00 55 48 89 e5
74 11 48 89 f8 66 90 48 83 c0 01 80 38 00 75 f7 48 29 f8 5d c3 66 90 55 31
c0 48 85 f6 48 89 e5 74 23 <80> 3f 00 74 1e 48 89 f8 eb 0c 0f 1f 00 48 83 ee
01 80 38 00 74
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] RIP [<ffffffff8133c2cb>]
strnlen+0xb/0x30
Aug 6 15:23:07 dev kernel: [ 304.432035] RSP <ffff880035461b08>

So previously you said: "So, something is corrupting memory and stamping all
over the XFS structures." and also "given you have a bunch of out of tree
modules loaded (and some which are experiemental) suggests that you have a
problem with your storage...".

But I believe, my analysis shows that during the mount sequence XFS does not
wait properly for all the bios to complete, before failing the mount
sequence back to the caller.

Thanks,
Alex.

-----Original Message-----
From: Dave Chinner
Sent: 05 August, 2014 2:07 AM
To: Alex Lyakas
Cc: xfs@oss.sgi.com
Subject: Re: use-after-free on log replay failure

On Mon, Aug 04, 2014 at 02:00:05PM +0300, Alex Lyakas wrote:
> Greetings,
>
> we had a log replay failure due to some errors that the underlying
> block device returned:
> [49133.801406] XFS (dm-95): metadata I/O error: block 0x270e8c180
> ("xlog_recover_iodone") error 28 numblks 16
> [49133.802495] XFS (dm-95): log mount/recovery failed: error 28
> [49133.802644] XFS (dm-95): log mount failed

#define ENOSPC 28 /* No space left on device */

You're getting an ENOSPC as a metadata IO error during log recovery?
Thin provisioning problem, perhaps, and the error is occurring on
submission rather than completion? If so:

8d6c121 xfs: fix buffer use after free on IO error

Cheers,

Dave.