From: "Darrick J. Wong" <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
To: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-xfs@vger.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH 12/12] xfs: create a new buf_ops pointer to verify structure metadata
Date: Mon, 18 Sep 2017 13:32:01 -0700 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20170918203201.GU6540@magnolia> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20170906164751.GG55280@bfoster.bfoster>
On Wed, Sep 06, 2017 at 12:47:51PM -0400, Brian Foster wrote:
> On Mon, Aug 28, 2017 at 11:17:45AM -0700, Darrick J. Wong wrote:
> > From: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
> >
> > Expose all metadata structure buffer verifier functions via buf_ops.
> > These will be used by the online scrub mechanism to look for problems
> > with buffers that are already sitting around in memory.
> >
>
> As it is, I think it probably makes sense to post this patch along with
> whatever supporting code uses it. One quick thought in the meantime...
That'll be the scrub patches, which want to be able to perform structure
verification on an arbitrary buffer but without the CRC checks because
the log is in charge of updating CRCs.
> > Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
> > ---
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc.c | 14 ++++++++------
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc_btree.c | 1 +
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr_leaf.c | 1 +
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr_remote.c | 32 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_bmap_btree.c | 1 +
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_da_btree.c | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_block.c | 1 +
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_data.c | 1 +
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_leaf.c | 16 ++++++++++++++++
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_node.c | 1 +
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dquot_buf.c | 12 ++++++++++++
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc.c | 1 +
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc_btree.c | 1 +
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_refcount_btree.c | 1 +
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_rmap_btree.c | 1 +
> > fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_symlink_remote.c | 1 +
> > fs/xfs/xfs_buf.h | 1 +
> > 17 files changed, 105 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
> >
> >
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc.c
> > index d49b1e3..21a1c21 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc.c
> > @@ -604,6 +604,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_agfl_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_agfl",
> > .verify_read = xfs_agfl_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_agfl_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_agfl_verify,
> > };
> >
> > /*
> > @@ -2393,10 +2394,10 @@ xfs_alloc_put_freelist(
> >
> > static void *
> > xfs_agf_verify(
> > - struct xfs_mount *mp,
> > - struct xfs_buf *bp)
> > - {
> > - struct xfs_agf *agf = XFS_BUF_TO_AGF(bp);
> > + struct xfs_buf *bp)
> > +{
> > + struct xfs_mount *mp = bp->b_target->bt_mount;
> > + struct xfs_agf *agf = XFS_BUF_TO_AGF(bp);
> >
> > if (xfs_sb_version_hascrc(&mp->m_sb)) {
> > if (!uuid_equal(&agf->agf_uuid, &mp->m_sb.sb_meta_uuid))
> > @@ -2457,7 +2458,7 @@ xfs_agf_read_verify(
> > if (xfs_sb_version_hascrc(&mp->m_sb) &&
> > !xfs_buf_verify_cksum(bp, XFS_AGF_CRC_OFF))
> > xfs_buf_ioerror(bp, -EFSBADCRC);
> > - else if (XFS_TEST_ERROR((failed_at = xfs_agf_verify(mp, bp)), mp,
> > + else if (XFS_TEST_ERROR((failed_at = xfs_agf_verify(bp)), mp,
> > XFS_ERRTAG_ALLOC_READ_AGF))
> > xfs_buf_ioerror(bp, -EFSCORRUPTED);
> >
> > @@ -2473,7 +2474,7 @@ xfs_agf_write_verify(
> > struct xfs_buf_log_item *bip = bp->b_fspriv;
> > void *failed_at;
> >
> > - if ((failed_at = xfs_agf_verify(mp, bp))) {
> > + if ((failed_at = xfs_agf_verify(bp))) {
> > xfs_buf_ioerror(bp, -EFSCORRUPTED);
> > xfs_verifier_error(bp, failed_at);
> > return;
> > @@ -2492,6 +2493,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_agf_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_agf",
> > .verify_read = xfs_agf_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_agf_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_agf_verify,
> > };
>
> If we expose the core verifier function of each structure through the
> ops table and the read/write verifiers mostly call that function and do
> some CRC processing based on read or write, I'm wondering how many of
> the unique read/write verifiers could be condensed into a generic buffer
> read and generic buffer write function that invokes the
> ->verify_struct() function and does the CRC/LSN check or updates
> appropriately. We'd have to at least include the CRC offset in the
> buf_ops for read verifiers and additionally the lsn offset for write
> verifiers. Thoughts?
That would be difficult -- while btree blocks have a statically defined
crc offset, inodes and dquots have multiple objects per buffer, each
with their own crc, so you'd have to make both variants work. It's not
impossible, but it seemed like a lot of change for not a lot of gain.
--D
> Brian
>
> >
> > /*
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc_btree.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc_btree.c
> > index 8d4c004..eb79f6c 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc_btree.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc_btree.c
> > @@ -397,6 +397,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_allocbt_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_allocbt",
> > .verify_read = xfs_allocbt_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_allocbt_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_allocbt_verify,
> > };
> >
> >
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr_leaf.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr_leaf.c
> > index bde5269..3a563c5 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr_leaf.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr_leaf.c
> > @@ -339,6 +339,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_attr3_leaf_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_attr3_leaf",
> > .verify_read = xfs_attr3_leaf_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_attr3_leaf_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_attr3_leaf_verify,
> > };
> >
> > int
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr_remote.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr_remote.c
> > index d33a4d3..164c366 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr_remote.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr_remote.c
> > @@ -203,10 +203,42 @@ xfs_attr3_rmt_write_verify(
> > ASSERT(len == 0);
> > }
> >
> > +static void *
> > +xfs_attr3_rmt_verify_struct(
> > + struct xfs_buf *bp)
> > +{
> > + struct xfs_mount *mp = bp->b_target->bt_mount;
> > + char *ptr;
> > + void *failed_at;
> > + int len;
> > + xfs_daddr_t bno;
> > + int blksize = mp->m_attr_geo->blksize;
> > +
> > + /* no verification of non-crc buffers */
> > + if (!xfs_sb_version_hascrc(&mp->m_sb))
> > + return NULL;
> > +
> > + ptr = bp->b_addr;
> > + bno = bp->b_bn;
> > + len = BBTOB(bp->b_length);
> > + ASSERT(len >= blksize);
> > +
> > + while (len > 0) {
> > + if ((failed_at = xfs_attr3_rmt_verify(mp, ptr, blksize, bno)))
> > + return failed_at;
> > + len -= blksize;
> > + ptr += blksize;
> > + bno += BTOBB(blksize);
> > + }
> > +
> > + return NULL;
> > +}
> > +
> > const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_attr3_rmt_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_attr3_rmt",
> > .verify_read = xfs_attr3_rmt_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_attr3_rmt_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_attr3_rmt_verify_struct,
> > };
> >
> > STATIC int
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_bmap_btree.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_bmap_btree.c
> > index d613080..0d5dd7b 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_bmap_btree.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_bmap_btree.c
> > @@ -692,6 +692,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_bmbt_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_bmbt",
> > .verify_read = xfs_bmbt_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_bmbt_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_bmbt_verify,
> > };
> >
> >
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_da_btree.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_da_btree.c
> > index f3544fb..af738bf 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_da_btree.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_da_btree.c
> > @@ -247,10 +247,35 @@ xfs_da3_node_read_verify(
> > xfs_verifier_error(bp, failed_at);
> > }
> >
> > +/* Verify the structure of a da3 block. */
> > +static void *
> > +xfs_da3_node_verify_struct(
> > + struct xfs_buf *bp)
> > +{
> > + struct xfs_da_blkinfo *info = bp->b_addr;
> > +
> > + switch (be16_to_cpu(info->magic)) {
> > + case XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC:
> > + case XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC:
> > + return xfs_da3_node_verify(bp);
> > + case XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC:
> > + case XFS_ATTR3_LEAF_MAGIC:
> > + bp->b_ops = &xfs_attr3_leaf_buf_ops;
> > + return bp->b_ops->verify_struct(bp);
> > + case XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC:
> > + case XFS_DIR3_LEAFN_MAGIC:
> > + bp->b_ops = &xfs_dir3_leafn_buf_ops;
> > + return bp->b_ops->verify_struct(bp);
> > + default:
> > + return __this_address;
> > + }
> > +}
> > +
> > const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_da3_node_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_da3_node",
> > .verify_read = xfs_da3_node_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_da3_node_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_da3_node_verify_struct,
> > };
> >
> > int
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_block.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_block.c
> > index 6c54d03..6dce935 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_block.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_block.c
> > @@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_dir3_block_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_dir3_block",
> > .verify_read = xfs_dir3_block_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_dir3_block_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_dir3_block_verify,
> > };
> >
> > int
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_data.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_data.c
> > index 5e27b71..d08a7ac 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_data.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_data.c
> > @@ -318,6 +318,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_dir3_data_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_dir3_data",
> > .verify_read = xfs_dir3_data_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_dir3_data_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_dir3_data_verify,
> > };
> >
> > static const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_dir3_data_reada_buf_ops = {
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_leaf.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_leaf.c
> > index 00dcfef..792fd98 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_leaf.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_leaf.c
> > @@ -218,6 +218,13 @@ __write_verify(
> > xfs_buf_update_cksum(bp, XFS_DIR3_LEAF_CRC_OFF);
> > }
> >
> > +static void *
> > +xfs_dir3_leaf1_verify(
> > + struct xfs_buf *bp)
> > +{
> > + return xfs_dir3_leaf_verify(bp, XFS_DIR2_LEAF1_MAGIC);
> > +}
> > +
> > static void
> > xfs_dir3_leaf1_read_verify(
> > struct xfs_buf *bp)
> > @@ -232,6 +239,13 @@ xfs_dir3_leaf1_write_verify(
> > __write_verify(bp, XFS_DIR2_LEAF1_MAGIC);
> > }
> >
> > +static void *
> > +xfs_dir3_leafn_verify(
> > + struct xfs_buf *bp)
> > +{
> > + return xfs_dir3_leaf_verify(bp, XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC);
> > +}
> > +
> > static void
> > xfs_dir3_leafn_read_verify(
> > struct xfs_buf *bp)
> > @@ -250,12 +264,14 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_dir3_leaf1_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_dir3_leaf1",
> > .verify_read = xfs_dir3_leaf1_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_dir3_leaf1_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_dir3_leaf1_verify,
> > };
> >
> > const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_dir3_leafn_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_dir3_leafn",
> > .verify_read = xfs_dir3_leafn_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_dir3_leafn_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_dir3_leafn_verify,
> > };
> >
> > int
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_node.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_node.c
> > index a11585b..1a5e383 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_node.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dir2_node.c
> > @@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_dir3_free_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_dir3_free",
> > .verify_read = xfs_dir3_free_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_dir3_free_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_dir3_free_verify,
> > };
> >
> > /* Everything ok in the free block header? */
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dquot_buf.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dquot_buf.c
> > index 5561011..8ce5239 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dquot_buf.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_dquot_buf.c
> > @@ -242,6 +242,17 @@ xfs_dquot_buf_verify(
> > return true;
> > }
> >
> > +static void *
> > +xfs_dquot_buf_verify_struct(
> > + struct xfs_buf *bp)
> > +{
> > + struct xfs_mount *mp = bp->b_target->bt_mount;
> > +
> > + if (!xfs_dquot_buf_verify(mp, bp, 0))
> > + return __this_address;
> > + return NULL;
> > +}
> > +
> > static void
> > xfs_dquot_buf_read_verify(
> > struct xfs_buf *bp)
> > @@ -298,6 +309,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_dquot_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_dquot",
> > .verify_read = xfs_dquot_buf_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_dquot_buf_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_dquot_buf_verify_struct,
> > };
> >
> > const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_dquot_buf_ra_ops = {
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc.c
> > index c63b708..a2c8c1d 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc.c
> > @@ -2586,6 +2586,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_agi_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_agi",
> > .verify_read = xfs_agi_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_agi_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_agi_verify,
> > };
> >
> > /*
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc_btree.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc_btree.c
> > index 38d6a50..f920ca6 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc_btree.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc_btree.c
> > @@ -327,6 +327,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_inobt_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_inobt",
> > .verify_read = xfs_inobt_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_inobt_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_inobt_verify,
> > };
> >
> > STATIC int
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_refcount_btree.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_refcount_btree.c
> > index 8d6c0fc..a151b4d 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_refcount_btree.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_refcount_btree.c
> > @@ -288,6 +288,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_refcountbt_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_refcountbt",
> > .verify_read = xfs_refcountbt_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_refcountbt_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_refcountbt_verify,
> > };
> >
> > STATIC int
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_rmap_btree.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_rmap_btree.c
> > index 4fd77e7..ec7b216 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_rmap_btree.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_rmap_btree.c
> > @@ -380,6 +380,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_rmapbt_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_rmapbt",
> > .verify_read = xfs_rmapbt_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_rmapbt_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_rmapbt_verify,
> > };
> >
> > STATIC int
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_symlink_remote.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_symlink_remote.c
> > index ef5e754..53732f4 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_symlink_remote.c
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_symlink_remote.c
> > @@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_symlink_buf_ops = {
> > .name = "xfs_symlink",
> > .verify_read = xfs_symlink_read_verify,
> > .verify_write = xfs_symlink_write_verify,
> > + .verify_struct = xfs_symlink_verify,
> > };
> >
> > void
> > diff --git a/fs/xfs/xfs_buf.h b/fs/xfs/xfs_buf.h
> > index 2072126..094e3e7 100644
> > --- a/fs/xfs/xfs_buf.h
> > +++ b/fs/xfs/xfs_buf.h
> > @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ struct xfs_buf_ops {
> > char *name;
> > void (*verify_read)(struct xfs_buf *);
> > void (*verify_write)(struct xfs_buf *);
> > + void *(*verify_struct)(struct xfs_buf *);
> > };
> >
> > typedef struct xfs_buf {
> >
> > --
> > To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-xfs" in
> > the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
> > More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
> --
> To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-xfs" in
> the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
> More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2017-09-18 20:32 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 26+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2017-08-28 18:16 [PATCH 00/12] xfs: more and better verifiers Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-28 18:16 ` [PATCH 01/12] xfs: refactor long-format btree header verification routines Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-28 18:16 ` [PATCH 02/12] xfs: remove XFS_WANT_CORRUPTED_RETURN from dir3 data verifiers Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-28 18:16 ` [PATCH 03/12] xfs: have buffer verifier functions report failing address Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-28 18:16 ` [PATCH 04/12] xfs: refactor verifier callers to print address of failing check Darrick J. Wong
2017-09-06 16:43 ` Brian Foster
2017-09-18 19:29 ` Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-28 18:17 ` [PATCH 05/12] xfs: verify dinode header first Darrick J. Wong
2017-09-06 16:43 ` Brian Foster
2017-09-18 19:45 ` Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-28 18:17 ` [PATCH 06/12] xfs: move inode fork verifiers to xfs_dinode_verify Darrick J. Wong
2017-09-06 16:44 ` Brian Foster
2017-09-18 20:22 ` Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-28 18:17 ` [PATCH 07/12] xfs: create structure verifier function for shortform xattrs Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-28 18:17 ` [PATCH 08/12] xfs: create structure verifier function for short form symlinks Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-28 18:17 ` [PATCH 09/12] xfs: refactor short form directory structure verifier function Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-28 18:17 ` [PATCH 10/12] xfs: provide a centralized method for verifying inline fork data Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-28 18:17 ` [PATCH 11/12] xfs: fail out of xfs_attr3_leaf_lookup_int if it looks corrupt Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-28 18:17 ` [PATCH 12/12] xfs: create a new buf_ops pointer to verify structure metadata Darrick J. Wong
2017-09-06 16:47 ` Brian Foster
2017-09-18 20:32 ` Darrick J. Wong [this message]
2017-09-19 14:52 ` Brian Foster
2017-09-19 17:24 ` Darrick J. Wong
2017-09-06 16:43 ` [PATCH 00/12] xfs: more and better verifiers Brian Foster
2017-09-18 20:23 ` Darrick J. Wong
-- strict thread matches above, loose matches on Subject: below --
2017-08-17 23:31 [RFC " Darrick J. Wong
2017-08-17 23:32 ` [PATCH 12/12] xfs: create a new buf_ops pointer to verify structure metadata Darrick J. Wong
Reply instructions:
You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:
* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
and reply-to-all from there: mbox
Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style
* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
switches of git-send-email(1):
git send-email \
--in-reply-to=20170918203201.GU6540@magnolia \
--to=darrick.wong@oracle.com \
--cc=bfoster@redhat.com \
--cc=linux-xfs@vger.kernel.org \
/path/to/YOUR_REPLY
https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html
* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line
before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox;
as well as URLs for NNTP newsgroup(s).