Re: cannot defrag volume, fragmentation factor 21.73%

Richard Ems
2010-10-19T09:36:15Z

On 10/19/2010 01:10 AM, Dave Chinner wrote:
> On Mon, Oct 18, 2010 at 02:09:52PM +0200, Richard Ems wrote:
>> Hi all,
>>
>> this is on openSUSE 11.3.
>>
>> # uname -a
>> Linux fs1 2.6.34.7-0.3-default #1 SMP 2010-09-20 15:27:38 +0200
>> x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
>>
>> # echo frag | xfs_db -r /dev/disk/by-label/data1
>> xfs_db> actual 6451844, ideal 5050129, fragmentation factor 21.73%
>>
>> # xfs_db -V
>> xfs_db version 3.1.2
>>
>> # xfs_fsr -V
>> xfs_fsr version 3.1.2
>>
>> # df -h /dev/sdb1
>> Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
>> /dev/sdb1 17T 13T 4.3T 75% /data_1
>>
>> The volume is new, 12TB were rsync'ed from another volume, some new
>> files came after the sync.
>>
>> I ran several times xfs_fsr, but the 21.73% factor stays there.
>> There where some busy or modified files on which I started xfs_fsr
>> later again, but this ones where small files and the 21.73% is still
>> there.
>
> Understand your numbers. What frag reports is how many extents there
> are vs a perfect layout. It does not tell you how badly fragmented
> your filesystem is. Extent-based filesystems can have
> "fragmentation" like you see reported above, but not suffer at all
> because the extents are large enough not to affect IO throughput.
>
> e.g. If I have a 100GB file in 100x1GB extents, frag would report an
> ideal of 17 extents and measure 100. That would give a frag factor
> of 83%. Now, is that filesystem fragmented? Theoretically yes.
> Practically, no.
>
> Why? Because extents of 1GB are more than large enough for any IO to
> that file reach full throughput. Therefore, while the file layout is
> not perfect, the "fragmentation" has no impact on performance and
> therefore the filesystem should not be considered fragmented.
>
> So, for 13TB of data, having 20% of your files with two extents
> rather than one is not a problem unless that causes you application
> measurable performance issues...
>
> IOWs, trying to reduce fragmentation without understanding what the
> numbers tell you about the layout of your filesystem can be counter
> productive. Especially as running xfs_fsr when you don't really need
> to can have other side-effects that affect the long-term aging
> characteristics of the filesystem (e.g. causing preamture free space
> fragmentation).
>
> Cheers,
>
> Dave.

Hi Dave,

many thanks for the clarification. I will go again through the XFS
documentation and try to "understand my numbers" as you wrote.

Thanks again,
Richard

--
Richard Ems mail: Richard.Ems@Cape-Horn-Eng.com

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