RE: File system problem

RE: File system problem

[Jean-Samuel Chenard]

> Message: 9
> Date: Thu, 3 Jan 2008 18:00:14 +0100
> From: "mojtaba"
>
> Actually, I removed the console and null created by buildroot and create
> them manually using make node. This time the system freezes at this point=
.
> "Freeing unused kernel memory: 76k init"

Hi Mojtaba,

I just want to comment on your observation that the file size in /dev
was zero.  This is normal as the device files are 'special' since they
are a mean of abstracting the interface to the kernel.  I had to read
the online book listed below before I could understand the inner
workings of those special files.  If you plan on interfacing your FPGA
with the Linux Kernel, I suggest you read it too, as it is a very
insightful book:
http://lwn.net/Kernel/LDD3/

At this point, your system is not frozen, but your init script and
configuration files are probably not all correctly set.  You might
need to read some documentation about buildroot to see what its init
scripts are trying to do.

You might be missing a library or symlink (I got that problem in my
attempt to build the BusyBox root filesystem from scratch).  One way
to go at the problem is to pass the init=3D/bin/ash or something like
that to your kernel at the boot prompt (you could even make some
trivial 'hello world' program and pass it to the kernel as the init
process).  This way, you can dive right into a shell or your program
and avoid init and its configuration.

After some copying of required libraries in /lib (I'm using uClibc)
and the creation of the required symbolic links, I got my Busybox root
filesystem working on my ML-310 board.

Good luck!

Regards,

Jean-Samuel
--=20
Ph.D. candidate
Integrated Microsystems Laboratory
McGill University, Montr=E9al, QC, CANADA
Web Page: http://chaos.ece.mcgill.ca

RE: File system problem

[mojtaba]

Hi,
Thank you all for your helps.

Today I tried to make the file system again using buildroot. This time I
included busybox to the packages for target system (Before that, I did =
not
include the busybox). Surprisingly the system boot correctly.

But, I do not want to use busybox. I already compiled coreutiles and I =
want
to put them on my target system. After building the root file system I =
tried
to replace those symbolic links to busybox(such as ls, cp, ...) with the
real commands from coreutiles but I got this error.

Freeing unused kernel memory: 76k init
missing file opeKernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!
rand
Try `/bin/Rebooting in 180 seconds..sh --help' for more information.

So, how can I use coreutils instead of busybox?

Regards,
Mojtaba

-----Original Message-----
From: jsamch@gmail.com [mailto:jsamch@gmail.com] On Behalf Of =
Jean-Samuel
Chenard
Sent: Friday, January 04, 2008 12:58 AM
To: linuxppc-embedded@ozlabs.org; kernelppc@gmail.com
Subject: RE: File system problem

> Message: 9
> Date: Thu, 3 Jan 2008 18:00:14 +0100
> From: "mojtaba"
>
> Actually, I removed the console and null created by buildroot and =
create
> them manually using make node. This time the system freezes at this =
point.
> "Freeing unused kernel memory: 76k init"

Hi Mojtaba,

I just want to comment on your observation that the file size in /dev
was zero.  This is normal as the device files are 'special' since they
are a mean of abstracting the interface to the kernel.  I had to read
the online book listed below before I could understand the inner
workings of those special files.  If you plan on interfacing your FPGA
with the Linux Kernel, I suggest you read it too, as it is a very
insightful book:
http://lwn.net/Kernel/LDD3/

At this point, your system is not frozen, but your init script and
configuration files are probably not all correctly set.  You might
need to read some documentation about buildroot to see what its init
scripts are trying to do.

You might be missing a library or symlink (I got that problem in my
attempt to build the BusyBox root filesystem from scratch).  One way
to go at the problem is to pass the init=3D/bin/ash or something like
that to your kernel at the boot prompt (you could even make some
trivial 'hello world' program and pass it to the kernel as the init
process).  This way, you can dive right into a shell or your program
and avoid init and its configuration.

After some copying of required libraries in /lib (I'm using uClibc)
and the creation of the required symbolic links, I got my Busybox root
filesystem working on my ML-310 board.

Good luck!

Regards,

Jean-Samuel
--=20
Ph.D. candidate
Integrated Microsystems Laboratory
McGill University, Montr=E9al, QC, CANADA
Web Page: http://chaos.ece.mcgill.ca

RE: File system problem

[Jean-Samuel Chenard]

> Date: Wed, 2 Jan 2008 19:50:13 +0100
> From: "mojtaba"
> I am trying to boot a root file system build by buildroot. But I got this
> error" init has generated signal 11 but has no handler for it".
>
> My kernel version is 2.6.24-rc3
> My target system is PPC 405 (XILINX VIRTEX II pro) I am using the 26-12-2=
007
> snapshot of buildroot.
[ ... ]
> Warning: unable to open an initial console.
> init has generated signal 11 but has no handler for it Kernel panic - not

Hi Mojtaba,

I got a similar error on my ML-310 when I tried a new root filesystem.
 As far as I recall, I needed to make sure that two entries existed in
/dev, namely:

crw-------    1 root     root       5,   1 Jan  1 05:18 console
crw-rw----    1 root     root       1,   3 Dec 10  2007 null

I think that you are missing /dev/console and then init cannot run
since it has nowhere to put its standard output.

You can make those by mounting your CF card on your development host
and (as root) make the nodes:

# mknod -m 660 /dev/console c 5 1
# mknod -m 660 /dev/null c 1 3

In my case, I use the UartLite (ttyUL0) serial port driver, but I'm
pretty sure this is going to fix the problem you are observing.

Regards,

Jean-Samuel
--=20
Ph.D. candidate
Integrated Microsystems Laboratory
McGill University, Montr=E9al, QC, CANADA
Web Page: http://chaos.ece.mcgill.ca

RE: File system problem

[mojtaba]

Hi,
Thank you very much for your answers.

But I have both console and null in /dev.

-rw-rw-rw- 1 mojtaba mojtaba    0 2007-12-26 15:50 console
-rw-rw-rw- 1 mojtaba mojtaba    0 2007-12-26 15:50 null

They have been created by buildroot. Do I need to create them manually?
Actually the size of both of them is 0 and both are empty files. Is that =
a
problem?

Thank you in advance and best regards,
Mojtaba

-----Original Message-----
From: jsamch@gmail.com [mailto:jsamch@gmail.com] On Behalf Of =
Jean-Samuel
Chenard
Sent: Thursday, January 03, 2008 4:33 AM
To: linuxppc-embedded@ozlabs.org; kernelppc@gmail.com
Subject: RE: File system problem

> Date: Wed, 2 Jan 2008 19:50:13 +0100
> From: "mojtaba"
> I am trying to boot a root file system build by buildroot. But I got =
this
> error" init has generated signal 11 but has no handler for it".
>
> My kernel version is 2.6.24-rc3
> My target system is PPC 405 (XILINX VIRTEX II pro) I am using the
26-12-2007
> snapshot of buildroot.
[ ... ]
> Warning: unable to open an initial console.
> init has generated signal 11 but has no handler for it Kernel panic - =
not

Hi Mojtaba,

I got a similar error on my ML-310 when I tried a new root filesystem.
 As far as I recall, I needed to make sure that two entries existed in
/dev, namely:

crw-------    1 root     root       5,   1 Jan  1 05:18 console
crw-rw----    1 root     root       1,   3 Dec 10  2007 null

I think that you are missing /dev/console and then init cannot run
since it has nowhere to put its standard output.

You can make those by mounting your CF card on your development host
and (as root) make the nodes:

# mknod -m 660 /dev/console c 5 1
# mknod -m 660 /dev/null c 1 3

In my case, I use the UartLite (ttyUL0) serial port driver, but I'm
pretty sure this is going to fix the problem you are observing.

Regards,

Jean-Samuel
--=20
Ph.D. candidate
Integrated Microsystems Laboratory
McGill University, Montr=E9al, QC, CANADA
Web Page: http://chaos.ece.mcgill.ca

Re: File system problem

[Grant Likely]

On 1/3/08, mojtaba <kernelppc@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi,
> Thank you very much for your answers.
>
> But I have both console and null in /dev.
>
> -rw-rw-rw- 1 mojtaba mojtaba    0 2007-12-26 15:50 console
> -rw-rw-rw- 1 mojtaba mojtaba    0 2007-12-26 15:50 null
>
> They have been created by buildroot. Do I need to create them manually?
> Actually the size of both of them is 0 and both are empty files. Is that a
> problem?

They should look like this:

crw------- 1 root root 5, 1 2008-01-03 07:43 /dev/console
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 3 2007-10-08 18:39 /dev/null

They are not regular files.  They are device files created with the
'mknod' command.

Instead of a size, these files have 2 number; the device major and
minor numbers.  /dev/console uses major 5, minor 1.  /dev/null is
major 1 minor 3.

Cheers,
g.

-- 
Grant Likely, B.Sc., P.Eng.
Secret Lab Technologies Ltd.
grant.likely@secretlab.ca
(403) 399-0195

RE: File system problem

[mojtaba]

Hi Jean-Samuel,

Actually, I removed the console and null created by buildroot and create
them manually using make node. This time the system freezes at this =
point.
"Freeing unused kernel memory: 76k init"


loaded at:     00400000 004CE1A0                               =20
board data at: 004CC120 004CC19C                               =20
relocated to:  0040405C 004040D8                               =20
zimage at:     00404E94 004CB08A                               =20
avail ram:     004CF000 10000000                               =20

Linux/PPC load: console=3DttyS0,9600 root=3D/dev/xsa2 init=3D/bin/sh

Uncompressing Linux...done.                          =20
Now booting the kernel                     =20
Linux version 2.6.24-rc3 (mojtaba@ubuntu2) (gcc version 4.2.2) #1 Wed =
Jan 2
14:3

7:58 CET 2008            =20
Xilinx ML300 Reference System (Virtex-II Pro)

Zone PFN ranges:               =20
  DMA             0 ->    65536                              =20
  Normal      65536 ->    65536                              =20
  HighMem     655               =20
Movable zone start PFN for each node                                   =20
early_node_map[1] active PFN ranges                                  =20
    0:        0 ->    65536                          =20
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: =
65024

Kernel command line: console=3DttyS0,9600 root=3D/dev/xsa2 =
init=3D/bin/sh

Xilinx INTC #0 at 0x41200000 mapped to 0xEF5FE000

PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 10, 4096 bytes)

Console: colour dummy device 80x25                                 =20
Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)

Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)

Memory: 258048k available (1288k kernel code, 436k data, 76k init, 0k
highmem)

Mount-cache hash table entries: 512                                  =20
net_namespace: 64 bytes                      =20
NET: Registered protocol family 16                                 =20
sysctl table check failed: /kernel/l2cr .1.31 Missing strategy

Call Trace:          =20
[cfc1fe20] [c0008148] show_stack+0x58/0x188 (unreliable)

[cfc1fe68] [c0038908] set_fail+0x50/0x68

[cfc1fe80] [c0038f7c] sysctl_check_table+0x65c/0x6ac

[cfc1fee8] [c0038f8c] sysctl_check_table+0x66c/0x6ac

[cfc1ff50] [c0026c58] register_sysctl_table+0x64/0xb4

[cfc1ff50] [c0026c58] register_sysctl_table+0x64/0xb4

[cfc1ff70] [c019b228] kernel_init+0x104/0x290

[cfc1fff0] [c0004af8] kernel_thread+0x44/0x60

io scheduler noop registered                           =20
io scheduler anticipatory registered                                   =20
io scheduler deadline registered                               =20
io scheduler cfq registered (default)                                    =
=20
Generic RTC Driver v1.07                       =20
Macintosh non-volatile memory driver v1.1

Serial: 8250/16550 driver $Revision: 1.90 $ 4 ports, IRQ sharing =
disabled

serial8250.0: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x40401003 (irq =3D 2) is a 16550A

console [ttyS0] enabled                      =20
xsysace xsysace.0: Xilinx SystemACE revision 1.0.12

xsysace xsysace.0: capacity: 1981728 sectors

 xsa: xsa1 xsa2 xsa3                   =20
Xilinx SystemACE device driver, major=3D254

i8042.c: No controller found.                            =20
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice

VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) readonly.

Freeing unused kernel memory: 76k init                                   =
  =20
Warning: unable to open an initial console.

init has generated signal 11 but has no handler for it

Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!

Rebooting in 180 seconds..<NULL>                               =20

loaded at:     00400000 004CE1A0                               =20
board data at: 004CC120 004CC19C                               =20
relocated to:  0040405C 004040D8                               =20
zimage at:     00404E94 004CB08A                               =20
avail ram:     004CF000 10000000                               =20

Linux/PPC load: console=3DttyS0,9600 root=3D/dev/xsa2 init=3D/bin/sh

Uncompressing Linux...done.                          =20
Now booting the kernel                     =20
Linux version 2.6.24-rc3 (mojtaba@ubuntu2) (gcc version 4.2.2) #1 Wed =
Jan 2
14:3

7:58 CET 2008            =20
Xilinx ML300 Reference System (Virtex-II Pro)

Zone PFN ranges:               =20
  DMA             0 ->    65536                              =20
  Normal      65536 ->    65536                              =20
  HighMem     6553               =20
Movable zone start PFN for each node                                   =20
early_node_map[1] active PFN ranges                                  =20
    0:        0 ->    65536                          =20
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: =
65024

Kernel command line: console=3DttyS0,9600 root=3D/dev/xsa2 =
init=3D/bin/sh

Xilinx INTC #0 at 0x41200000 mapped to 0xEF5FE000

PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 10, 4096 bytes)

Console: colour dummy device 80x25                                 =20
Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)

Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)

Memory: 258048k available (1288k kernel code, 436k data, 76k init, 0k
highmem)

Mount-cache hash table entries: 512                                  =20
net_namespace: 64 bytes                      =20
NET: Registered protocol family 16                                 =20
sysctl table check failed: /kernel/l2cr .1.31 Missing strategy

Call Trace:          =20
[cfc1fe20] [c0008148] show_stack+0x58/0x188 (unreliable)

[cfc1fe68] [c0038908] set_fail+0x50/0x68

[cfc1fe80] [c0038f7c] sysctl_check_table+0x65c/0x6ac
[cfc1fee8] [c0038f8c] sysctl_check_table+0x66c/0x6ac
[cfc1ff50] [c0026c58] register_sysctl_table+0x64/0xb4
[cfc1ff68] [c019ed4c] register_ppc_htab_sysctl+0x18/0x2c
[cfc1ff70] [c019b228] kernel_init+0x104/0x290
[cfc1fff0] [c0004af8] kernel_thread+0x44/0x60
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
Generic RTC Driver v1.07
Macintosh non-volatile memory driver v1.1
Serial: 8250/16550 driver $Revision: 1.90 $ 4 ports, IRQ sharing =
disabled
serial8250.0: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x40401003 (irq =3D 2) is a 16550A
console [ttyS0] enabled
xsysace xsysace.0: Xilinx SystemACE revision 1.0.12
xsysace xsysace.0: capacity: 1981728 sectors
 xsa: xsa1 xsa2 xsa3
Xilinx SystemACE device driver, major=3D254
i8042.c: No controller found.
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) readonly.
Freeing unused kernel memory: 76k init


-----Original Message-----
From: mojtaba [mailto:kernelppc@gmail.com]=20
Sent: Thursday, January 03, 2008 4:58 PM
To: 'linuxppc-embedded@ozlabs.org'
Subject: RE: File system problem

Hi,
Thank you very much for your answers.

But I have both console and null in /dev.

-rw-rw-rw- 1 mojtaba mojtaba    0 2007-12-26 15:50 console
-rw-rw-rw- 1 mojtaba mojtaba    0 2007-12-26 15:50 null

They have been created by buildroot. Do I need to create them manually?
Actually the size of both of them is 0 and both are empty files. Is that =
a
problem?

Thank you in advance and best regards,
Mojtaba

-----Original Message-----
From: jsamch@gmail.com [mailto:jsamch@gmail.com] On Behalf Of =
Jean-Samuel
Chenard
Sent: Thursday, January 03, 2008 4:33 AM
To: linuxppc-embedded@ozlabs.org; kernelppc@gmail.com
Subject: RE: File system problem

> Date: Wed, 2 Jan 2008 19:50:13 +0100
> From: "mojtaba"
> I am trying to boot a root file system build by buildroot. But I got =
this
> error" init has generated signal 11 but has no handler for it".
>
> My kernel version is 2.6.24-rc3
> My target system is PPC 405 (XILINX VIRTEX II pro) I am using the
26-12-2007
> snapshot of buildroot.
[ ... ]
> Warning: unable to open an initial console.
> init has generated signal 11 but has no handler for it Kernel panic - =
not

Hi Mojtaba,

I got a similar error on my ML-310 when I tried a new root filesystem.
 As far as I recall, I needed to make sure that two entries existed in
/dev, namely:

crw-------    1 root     root       5,   1 Jan  1 05:18 console
crw-rw----    1 root     root       1,   3 Dec 10  2007 null

I think that you are missing /dev/console and then init cannot run
since it has nowhere to put its standard output.

You can make those by mounting your CF card on your development host
and (as root) make the nodes:

# mknod -m 660 /dev/console c 5 1
# mknod -m 660 /dev/null c 1 3

In my case, I use the UartLite (ttyUL0) serial port driver, but I'm
pretty sure this is going to fix the problem you are observing.

Regards,

Jean-Samuel
--=20
Ph.D. candidate
Integrated Microsystems Laboratory
McGill University, Montr=E9al, QC, CANADA
Web Page: http://chaos.ece.mcgill.ca

Re: File system problem

[Grant Likely]

On 1/3/08, mojtaba <kernelppc@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi Jean-Samuel,
>
> Actually, I removed the console and null created by buildroot and create
> them manually using make node. This time the system freezes at this point.
> "Freeing unused kernel memory: 76k init"

It looks like your inittab is not setup correctly to me.

Do you have a /dev/ttyS0 device file?  Is inittab trying to start a
getty process (getty allows you to log in.)

Try adding "init=/bin/sh" to your kernel boot parameters to prove that
userspace is working.

Cheers,
g.

-- 
Grant Likely, B.Sc., P.Eng.
Secret Lab Technologies Ltd.
grant.likely@secretlab.ca
(403) 399-0195

File system problem

[mojtaba]

Dear all,

I am trying to boot a root file system build by buildroot. But I got this
error" init has generated signal 11 but has no handler for it".

My kernel version is 2.6.24-rc3
My target system is PPC 405 (XILINX VIRTEX II pro) I am using the 26-12-2007
snapshot of buildroot.

This is what I get on terminal:

loaded at:     00400000 004CE1A0                                
board data at: 004CC120 004CC19C                                
relocated to:  0040405C 004040D8                                
zimage at:     00404E94 004CB08A                                
avail ram:     004CF000 10000000                                

Linux/PPC load: console=ttyS0,9600 root=/dev/xsa2 init=/bin/sh

Uncompressing Linux...done.                           
Now booting the kernel                      
Linux version 2.6.24-rc3 (mojtaba@ubuntu2) (gcc version 4.2.2) #1 Wed Jan 2
14:3

7:58 CET 2008             
Xilinx ML300 Reference System (Virtex-II Pro)

Zone PFN ranges:                
  DMA             0 ->    65536                               
  Normal      65536 ->    65536                               
  HighMem     655                
Movable zone start PFN for each node                                    
early_node_map[1] active PFN ranges                                   
    0:        0 ->    65536                           
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 65024

Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,9600 root=/dev/xsa2 init=/bin/sh

Xilinx INTC #0 at 0x41200000 mapped to 0xEF5FE000

PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 10, 4096 bytes)

Console: colour dummy device 80x25                                  
Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)

Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)

Memory: 258048k available (1288k kernel code, 436k data, 76k init, 0k
highmem)

Mount-cache hash table entries: 512                                   
net_namespace: 64 bytes                       
NET: Registered protocol family 16                                  
sysctl table check failed: /kernel/l2cr .1.31 Missing strategy

Call Trace:           
[cfc1fe20] [c0008148] show_stack+0x58/0x188 (unreliable)

[cfc1fe68] [c0038908] set_fail+0x50/0x68

[cfc1fe80] [c0038f7c] sysctl_check_table+0x65c/0x6ac

[cfc1fee8] [c0038f8c] sysctl_check_table+0x66c/0x6ac

[cfc1ff50] [c0026c58] register_sysctl_table+0x64/0xb4

[cfc1ff68] [c019ed4c] register_ppc_htab_sysctl+0x18/0x2c
[cfc1ff70] [c019b228] kernel_init+0x104/0x290 [cfc1fff0] [c0004af8]
kernel_thread+0x44/0x60 io scheduler noop registered io scheduler
anticipatory registered io scheduler deadline registered io scheduler cfq
registered (default) Generic RTC Driver v1.07 Macintosh non-volatile memory
driver v1.1
Serial: 8250/16550 driver $Revision: 1.90 $ 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
serial8250.0: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x40401003 (irq = 2) is a 16550A console [ttyS0]
enabled xsysace xsysace.0: Xilinx SystemACE revision 1.0.12 xsysace
xsysace.0: capacity: 1981728 sectors
 xsa: xsa1 xsa2 xsa3
Xilinx SystemACE device driver, major=254
i8042.c: No controller found.
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) readonly.
Freeing unused kernel memory: 76k init
Warning: unable to open an initial console.
init has generated signal 11 but has no handler for it Kernel panic - not
syncing: Attempted to kill init!
Rebooting in 180 seconds..


Regards,
Mojtaba