Re: [PATCH v7 2/5] PCI/DPC: Run recovery on device that detected the error

Shuai Xue
2026-02-07T07:49:35Z

On 2/3/26 5:09 AM, Lukas Wunner wrote:
> On Mon, Feb 02, 2026 at 03:02:54PM +0100, Lukas Wunner wrote:
>> You're assuming that the parent of the Requester is always identical
>> to the containing Downstream Port. But that's not necessarily the case:
>>
>> E.g., imagine a DPC-capable Root Port with a PCIe switch below
>> whose Downstream Ports are not DPC-capable. Let's say an Endpoint
>> beneath the PCIe switch sends ERR_FATAL upstream. AFAICS, your patch
>> will cause pcie_do_recovery() to invoke dpc_reset_link() with the
>> Downstream Port of the PCIe switch as argument. That function will
>> then happily use pdev->dpc_cap even though it's 0.
>
> Thinking about this some more, I realized there's another problem:
>
> In a scenario like the one I've outlined above, after your change,
> pcie_do_recovery() will only broadcast error_detected (and other
> callbacks) below the downstream port of the PCIe switch -- and not
> to any other devices below the containing Root Port.
>
> However, the DPC-induced Link Down event at the Root Port results
> in a Hot Reset being propagated down the hierarchy to any device
> below the Root Port. So with your change, the siblings of the
> downstream port on the PCIe switch will no longer be informed of
> the reset and thus are no longer given an opportunity to recover
> after reset.
>
> The premise on which this patch is built is false -- that the bridge
> upstream of the error-reporting device is always equal to the
> containing Downstream Port.

Thanks again for the very detailed analysis and for the pointers to
your earlier mail.

You are right, thanks for pointing it out.

>
> It seems the only reason why you want to pass the reporting device
> to pcie_do_recovery() is that you want to call pcie_clear_device_status()
> and pci_aer_clear_nonfatal_status() with that device.

In the AER path, pcie_do_recovery() is indeed invoked with the Error
Source device found by find_source_device(), and internally it treats
that dev as the function that detected the error and derives the
containing Downstream Port (bridge) from it. For DPC, however, the
error-detecting function is the DPC-capable Downstream Port itself, not
the Endpoint identified as Error Source, so passing the Endpoint to
pcie_do_recovery() breaks that assumption.
>
> However as I've said before, those calls are AER-specific and should
> be moved out of pcie_do_recovery() so that it becomes generic and can
> be used by EEH and s390:
>
> https://lore.kernel.org/all/aPYKe1UKKkR7qrt1@wunner.de/

Sure, I'd like to move it out. I will remove the AER-specific calls
(pcie_clear_device_status() and pci_aer_raw_clear_status()) from
pcie_do_recovery() itself, and instead handle them in the AER and DPC
code paths where we already know which device(s) are the actual error
sources. That way, pcie_do_recovery() becomes a generic recovery
framework that can be reused by EEH and s390.

>
> There's another problem: When a device experiences an error while DPC
> is ongoing (i.e. while the link is down), its ERR_FATAL or ERR_NONFATAL
> Message may not come through. Still the error bits are set in the
> device's Uncorrectable Error Status register. So I think what we need to
> do is walk the hierarchy below the containing Downstream Port after the
> link is back up and search for devices with any error bits set,
> then report and clear those errors. We may do this after first
> examining the device in the DPC Error Source ID register.
> Any additional errors found while walking the hierarchy can then
> be identified as "occurred during DPC recovery".

I agree this is similar in spirit to find_source_device() -- both walk
the bus and check AER Status registers. For the DPC case, I'll perform
this walk after the link is back up (i.e., after dpc_reset_link()
succeeds).

Regarding pci_restore_state() in slot_reset(): I see now that it does
call pci_aer_clear_status(dev) (at line 1844 in pci.c), which will
clear the AER Status registers. So if we walk the hierarchy after
the slot_reset callbacks, the error bits accumulated during DPC will
already be cleared.

To avoid losing those errors, I think the walk should happen after
dpc_reset_link() succeeds but *before* pcie_do_recovery() invokes the
slot_reset callbacks. That way, we can capture the AER Status bits
before pci_restore_state() clears them.

Does that sound like the right approach, or would you prefer a
different placement?

Thanks a lot for your guidance.

Best Regards,
Shuai