[RFC PATCH 0/4] trace, livepatch: Allow kprobe return overriding for livepatched functions

[Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>]

Livepatching allows for rapid experimentation with new kernel features
without interrupting production workloads. However, static livepatches lack
the flexibility required to tune features based on task-specific attributes,
such as cgroup membership, which is critical in multi-tenant k8s
environments. Furthermore, hardcoding logic into a livepatch prevents
dynamic adjustments based on the runtime environment.

To address this, we propose a hybrid approach using BPF. Our production use
case involves:

1. Deploying a Livepatch function to serve as a stable BPF hook.

2. Utilizing bpf_override_return() to dynamically modify the return value
   of that hook based on the current task's context.

A significant challenge arises when atomic-replace is enabled. In this
mode, deploying a new livepatch changes the target function's address,
forcing a re-attachment of the BPF program. This re-attachment latency is
unacceptable in critical paths, such as those handling networking policies.

To solve this, we introduce a hybrid livepatch mode that allows specific
patches to remain non-replaceable, ensuring the function address remains
stable and the BPF program stays attached.

Furthermore, this mechanism provides a lower-maintenance alternative to
out-of-tree BPF hooks. Given the complexities of upstreaming custom BPF
hooks (e.g., [0], [1]), this hybrid mode allows for the maintenance of
stable, minimal hook points via livepatching with significantly reduced
maintenance burden.

Link: https://lwn.net/Articles/1054030/ [0]
Link: https://lwn.net/Articles/1043548/ [1]

Yafang Shao (4):
  trace: Simplify kprobe overridable function check
  trace: Allow kprobes to override livepatched functions
  livepatch: Add "replaceable" attribute to klp_patch
  livepatch: Implement livepatch hybrid mode

 include/linux/livepatch.h   |  2 ++
 kernel/livepatch/core.c     | 50 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 kernel/trace/Kconfig        | 14 +++++++++
 kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c    | 14 ++++++---
 kernel/trace/trace_kprobe.c | 49 ++++++++++++------------------
 kernel/trace/trace_probe.h  | 59 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------
 6 files changed, 139 insertions(+), 49 deletions(-)

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2.47.3