Re: [PATCH v3 02/11] memcg: document cgroup dirty memory interfaces

Greg Thelen
2010-10-19T21:02:38Z

Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp> writes:

> On Mon, 18 Oct 2010 17:39:35 -0700
> Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> wrote:
>
>> Document cgroup dirty memory interfaces and statistics.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Andrea Righi <arighi@develer.com>
>> Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
>> ---
>>
>> Changelog since v1:
>> - Renamed "nfs"/"total_nfs" to "nfs_unstable"/"total_nfs_unstable" in per cgroup
>> memory.stat to match /proc/meminfo.
>>
>> - Allow [kKmMgG] suffixes for newly created dirty limit value cgroupfs files.
>>
>> - Describe a situation where a cgroup can exceed its dirty limit.
>>
>> Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>> 1 files changed, 60 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt b/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt
>> index 7781857..02bbd6f 100644
>> --- a/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt
>> +++ b/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt
>> @@ -385,6 +385,10 @@ mapped_file - # of bytes of mapped file (includes tmpfs/shmem)
>> pgpgin - # of pages paged in (equivalent to # of charging events).
>> pgpgout - # of pages paged out (equivalent to # of uncharging events).
>> swap - # of bytes of swap usage
>> +dirty - # of bytes that are waiting to get written back to the disk.
>> +writeback - # of bytes that are actively being written back to the disk.
>> +nfs_unstable - # of bytes sent to the NFS server, but not yet committed to
>> + the actual storage.
>> inactive_anon - # of bytes of anonymous memory and swap cache memory on
>> LRU list.
>> active_anon - # of bytes of anonymous and swap cache memory on active
>
> Shouldn't we add description of "total_diryt/writeback/nfs_unstable" too ?
> Seeing [5/11], it will be showed in memory.stat.

Good catch. See patch (below).

>> @@ -453,6 +457,62 @@ memory under it will be reclaimed.
>> You can reset failcnt by writing 0 to failcnt file.
>> # echo 0 > .../memory.failcnt
>>
>> +5.5 dirty memory
>> +
>> +Control the maximum amount of dirty pages a cgroup can have at any given time.
>> +
>> +Limiting dirty memory is like fixing the max amount of dirty (hard to reclaim)
>> +page cache used by a cgroup. So, in case of multiple cgroup writers, they will
>> +not be able to consume more than their designated share of dirty pages and will
>> +be forced to perform write-out if they cross that limit.
>> +
>> +The interface is equivalent to the procfs interface: /proc/sys/vm/dirty_*. It
>> +is possible to configure a limit to trigger both a direct writeback or a
>> +background writeback performed by per-bdi flusher threads. The root cgroup
>> +memory.dirty_* control files are read-only and match the contents of
>> +the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_* files.
>> +
>> +Per-cgroup dirty limits can be set using the following files in the cgroupfs:
>> +
>> +- memory.dirty_ratio: the amount of dirty memory (expressed as a percentage of
>> + cgroup memory) at which a process generating dirty pages will itself start
>> + writing out dirty data.
>> +
>> +- memory.dirty_limit_in_bytes: the amount of dirty memory (expressed in bytes)
>> + in the cgroup at which a process generating dirty pages will start itself
>> + writing out dirty data. Suffix (k, K, m, M, g, or G) can be used to indicate
>> + that value is kilo, mega or gigabytes.
>> +
>> + Note: memory.dirty_limit_in_bytes is the counterpart of memory.dirty_ratio.
>> + Only one of them may be specified at a time. When one is written it is
>> + immediately taken into account to evaluate the dirty memory limits and the
>> + other appears as 0 when read.
>> +
>> +- memory.dirty_background_ratio: the amount of dirty memory of the cgroup
>> + (expressed as a percentage of cgroup memory) at which background writeback
>> + kernel threads will start writing out dirty data.
>> +
>> +- memory.dirty_background_limit_in_bytes: the amount of dirty memory (expressed
>> + in bytes) in the cgroup at which background writeback kernel threads will
>> + start writing out dirty data. Suffix (k, K, m, M, g, or G) can be used to
>> + indicate that value is kilo, mega or gigabytes.
>> +
>> + Note: memory.dirty_background_limit_in_bytes is the counterpart of
>> + memory.dirty_background_ratio. Only one of them may be specified at a time.
>> + When one is written it is immediately taken into account to evaluate the dirty
>> + memory limits and the other appears as 0 when read.
>> +
>> +A cgroup may contain more dirty memory than its dirty limit. This is possible
>> +because of the principle that the first cgroup to touch a page is charged for
>> +it. Subsequent page counting events (dirty, writeback, nfs_unstable) are also
>> +counted to the originally charged cgroup.
>> +
>> +Example: If page is allocated by a cgroup A task, then the page is charged to
>> +cgroup A. If the page is later dirtied by a task in cgroup B, then the cgroup A
>> +dirty count will be incremented. If cgroup A is over its dirty limit but cgroup
>> +B is not, then dirtying a cgroup A page from a cgroup B task may push cgroup A
>> +over its dirty limit without throttling the dirtying cgroup B task.
>> +
>> 6. Hierarchy support
>>
>> The memory controller supports a deep hierarchy and hierarchical accounting.
>> --
>> 1.7.1
>>
> Can you clarify whether we can limit the "total" dirty pages under hierarchy
> in use_hierarchy==1 case ?
> If we can, I think it would be better to note it in this documentation.
>
>
> Thanks,
> Daisuke Nishimura.

Here is a second version of this -v3 doc patch:

Author: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Date: Sat Apr 10 15:34:28 2010 -0700

memcg: document cgroup dirty memory interfaces

Document cgroup dirty memory interfaces and statistics.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Righi <arighi@develer.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>

diff --git a/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt b/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt
index 7781857..8bf6d3b 100644
--- a/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt
+++ b/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt
@@ -385,6 +385,10 @@ mapped_file - # of bytes of mapped file (includes tmpfs/shmem)
pgpgin - # of pages paged in (equivalent to # of charging events).
pgpgout - # of pages paged out (equivalent to # of uncharging events).
swap - # of bytes of swap usage
+dirty - # of bytes that are waiting to get written back to the disk.
+writeback - # of bytes that are actively being written back to the disk.
+nfs_unstable - # of bytes sent to the NFS server, but not yet committed to
+ the actual storage.
inactive_anon - # of bytes of anonymous memory and swap cache memory on
LRU list.
active_anon - # of bytes of anonymous and swap cache memory on active
@@ -406,6 +410,9 @@ total_mapped_file - sum of all children's "cache"
total_pgpgin - sum of all children's "pgpgin"
total_pgpgout - sum of all children's "pgpgout"
total_swap - sum of all children's "swap"
+total_dirty - sum of all children's "dirty"
+total_writeback - sum of all children's "writeback"
+total_nfs_unstable - sum of all children's "nfs_unstable"
total_inactive_anon - sum of all children's "inactive_anon"
total_active_anon - sum of all children's "active_anon"
total_inactive_file - sum of all children's "inactive_file"
@@ -453,6 +460,71 @@ memory under it will be reclaimed.
You can reset failcnt by writing 0 to failcnt file.
# echo 0 > .../memory.failcnt

+5.5 dirty memory
+
+Control the maximum amount of dirty pages a cgroup can have at any given time.
+
+Limiting dirty memory is like fixing the max amount of dirty (hard to reclaim)
+page cache used by a cgroup. So, in case of multiple cgroup writers, they will
+not be able to consume more than their designated share of dirty pages and will
+be forced to perform write-out if they cross that limit.
+
+The interface is equivalent to the procfs interface: /proc/sys/vm/dirty_*. It
+is possible to configure a limit to trigger both a direct writeback or a
+background writeback performed by per-bdi flusher threads. The root cgroup
+memory.dirty_* control files are read-only and match the contents of
+the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_* files.
+
+Per-cgroup dirty limits can be set using the following files in the cgroupfs:
+
+- memory.dirty_ratio: the amount of dirty memory (expressed as a percentage of
+ cgroup memory) at which a process generating dirty pages will itself start
+ writing out dirty data.
+
+- memory.dirty_limit_in_bytes: the amount of dirty memory (expressed in bytes)
+ in the cgroup at which a process generating dirty pages will start itself
+ writing out dirty data. Suffix (k, K, m, M, g, or G) can be used to indicate
+ that value is kilo, mega or gigabytes.
+
+ Note: memory.dirty_limit_in_bytes is the counterpart of memory.dirty_ratio.
+ Only one of them may be specified at a time. When one is written it is
+ immediately taken into account to evaluate the dirty memory limits and the
+ other appears as 0 when read.
+
+- memory.dirty_background_ratio: the amount of dirty memory of the cgroup
+ (expressed as a percentage of cgroup memory) at which background writeback
+ kernel threads will start writing out dirty data.
+
+- memory.dirty_background_limit_in_bytes: the amount of dirty memory (expressed
+ in bytes) in the cgroup at which background writeback kernel threads will
+ start writing out dirty data. Suffix (k, K, m, M, g, or G) can be used to
+ indicate that value is kilo, mega or gigabytes.
+
+ Note: memory.dirty_background_limit_in_bytes is the counterpart of
+ memory.dirty_background_ratio. Only one of them may be specified at a time.
+ When one is written it is immediately taken into account to evaluate the dirty
+ memory limits and the other appears as 0 when read.
+
+A cgroup may contain more dirty memory than its dirty limit. This is possible
+because of the principle that the first cgroup to touch a page is charged for
+it. Subsequent page counting events (dirty, writeback, nfs_unstable) are also
+counted to the originally charged cgroup.
+
+Example: If page is allocated by a cgroup A task, then the page is charged to
+cgroup A. If the page is later dirtied by a task in cgroup B, then the cgroup A
+dirty count will be incremented. If cgroup A is over its dirty limit but cgroup
+B is not, then dirtying a cgroup A page from a cgroup B task may push cgroup A
+over its dirty limit without throttling the dirtying cgroup B task.
+
+When use_hierarchy=0, each cgroup has independent dirty memory usage and limits.
+
+When use_hierarchy=1, a parent cgroup increasing its dirty memory usage will
+compare its total_dirty memory (which includes sum of all child cgroup dirty
+memory) to its dirty limits. This keeps a parent from explicitly exceeding its
+dirty limits. However, a child cgroup can increase its dirty usage without
+considering the parent's dirty limits. Thus the parent's total_dirty can exceed
+the parent's dirty limits as a child dirties pages.
+
6. Hierarchy support

The memory controller supports a deep hierarchy and hierarchical accounting.
--
1.7.1