Re: [RFC PATCH] PCI: Introduce new device binding path using pci_dev.driver_override

Kim Phillips
2014-04-01T23:52:18Z

On Tue, 01 Apr 2014 10:28:54 -0600
Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com> wrote:

> The driver_override field allows us to specify the driver for a device
> rather than relying on the driver to provide a positive match of the
> device. This shortcuts the existing process of looking up the vendor
> and device ID, adding them to the driver new_id, binding the device,
> then removing the ID, but it also provides a couple advantages.
>
> First, the above process allows the driver to bind to any device
> matching the new_id for the window where it's enabled. This is often
> not desired, such as the case of trying to bind a single device to a
> meta driver like pci-stub or vfio-pci. Using driver_override we can
> do this deterministically using:
>
> echo pci-stub > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:03:00.0/driver_override
> echo 0000:03:00.0 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:03:00.0/driver/unbind
> echo 0000:03:00.0 > /sys/bus/pci/drivers_probe
>
> Previously we could not invoke drivers_probe after adding a device
> to new_id for a driver as we get non-deterministic behavior whether
> the driver we intend or the standard driver will claim the device.
> Now it becomes a deterministic process, only the driver matching
> driver_override will probe the device.
>
> To return the device to the standard driver, we simply clear the
> driver_override and reprobe the device, ex:
>
> echo > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:03:00.0/preferred_driver
> echo 0000:03:00.0 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:03:00.0/driver/unbind
> echo 0000:03:00.0 > /sys/bus/pci/drivers_probe
>
> Another advantage to this approach is that we can specify a driver
> override to force a specific binding or prevent any binding. For
> instance when an IOMMU group is exposed to userspace through VFIO
> we require that all devices within that group are owned by VFIO.
> However, devices can be hot-added into an IOMMU group, in which case
> we want to prevent the device from binding to any driver (preferred
> driver = "none") or perhaps have it automatically bind to vfio-pci.
> With driver_override it's a simple matter for this field to be set
> internally when the device is first discovered to prevent driver
> matches.
>
> Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
> ---
>
> Apologies for the exceptionally long cc list, this is a follow-up to
> Stuart's "Subject: mechanism to allow a driver to bind to any device"
> thread. This is effectively a v2 of the proof-of-concept patch I
> posted in that thread. This version changes to use a dummy id struct
> to return on an "override" match, which removes the collateral damage
> and greatly simplifies the patch. This feels fairly well baked for
> PCI and I would expect that platform drivers could do a similar
> implementation. From there perhaps we can discuss whether there's
> any advantage to placing driver_override on struct device. The logic
> for incorporating it into the match still needs to happen per bus
> driver, so it might only contribute to consistency of the show/store
> sysfs attributes to move it up to struct device. Please comment.

Sounds like Greg likes this approach more than {drv,dev}_sysfs_only.

The diff below is the result of duplicating and converting this patch
for platform devices, and, indeed, binding a device to the
vfio-platform driver succeeds with:

echo vfio-platform > /sys/bus/platform/devices/fff51000.ethernet/driver_override
echo fff51000.ethernet > /sys/bus/platform/devices/fff51000.ethernet/driver/unbind
echo fff51000.ethernet > /sys/bus/platform/drivers_probe

However, it's almost pure duplication modulo the bus match code. The
only other place I can see where to put the common bus check is
drivers/base/base.h:driver_match_device(), which I'm guessing is
off-limits? So should we leave this as per-bus code, and somehow
refactor driver_override_{show,store}?

Kim

diff --git a/drivers/base/platform.c b/drivers/base/platform.c
index bc78848..621c5bd2 100644
--- a/drivers/base/platform.c
+++ b/drivers/base/platform.c
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
#include <linux/idr.h>
#include <linux/acpi.h>
+#include <linux/limits.h>

#include "base.h"
#include "power/power.h"
@@ -693,8 +694,49 @@ static ssize_t modalias_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *a,
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(modalias);

+static ssize_t driver_override_store(struct device *dev,
+ struct device_attribute *attr,
+ const char *buf, size_t count)
+{
+ struct platform_device *pdev = to_platform_device(dev);
+ char *driver_override, *old = pdev->driver_override;
+
+ if (count > PATH_MAX)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ driver_override = kstrndup(buf, count, GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!driver_override)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ while (strlen(driver_override) &&
+ driver_override[strlen(driver_override) - 1] == '\n')
+ driver_override[strlen(driver_override) - 1] = '\0';
+
+ if (strlen(driver_override)) {
+ pdev->driver_override = driver_override;
+ } else {
+ kfree(driver_override);
+ pdev->driver_override = NULL;
+ }
+
+ kfree(old);
+
+ return count;
+}
+
+static ssize_t driver_override_show(struct device *dev,
+ struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+ struct platform_device *pdev = to_platform_device(dev);
+
+ return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", pdev->driver_override);
+}
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(driver_override);
+
+
static struct attribute *platform_dev_attrs[] = {
&dev_attr_modalias.attr,
+ &dev_attr_driver_override.attr,
NULL,
};
ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(platform_dev);
@@ -750,6 +792,10 @@ static int platform_match(struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv)
struct platform_device *pdev = to_platform_device(dev);
struct platform_driver *pdrv = to_platform_driver(drv);

+ /* When driver_override is set, only bind to the matching driver */
+ if (pdev->driver_override)
+ return !strcmp(pdev->driver_override, drv->name);
+
/* Attempt an OF style match first */
if (of_driver_match_device(dev, drv))
return 1;
diff --git a/include/linux/platform_device.h b/include/linux/platform_device.h
index 16f6654..7ffe809 100644
--- a/include/linux/platform_device.h
+++ b/include/linux/platform_device.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ struct platform_device {
struct resource *resource;

const struct platform_device_id *id_entry;
+ char *driver_override; /* Driver name to force a match */

/* MFD cell pointer */
struct mfd_cell *mfd_cell;