[RFC 2/9] of/irq: Replace of_irq with of_phandle_args

Grant Likely
2013-10-15T20:42:05Z

struct of_irq and struct of_phandle_args are exactly the same structure.
This patch makes the kernel use of_phandle_args everywhere. This in
itself isn't a big deal, but it makes some follow-on patches simpler.

Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
---
arch/arm/mach-integrator/pci_v3.c | 5 ++---
arch/microblaze/pci/pci-common.c | 9 ++++-----
arch/mips/pci/fixup-lantiq.c | 5 ++---
arch/mips/pci/pci-rt3883.c | 6 ++----
arch/powerpc/kernel/pci-common.c | 9 ++++-----
arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/celleb_scc_pciex.c | 5 ++---
arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/celleb_scc_sio.c | 5 ++---
arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spider-pic.c | 6 +++---
arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_manage.c | 12 ++++++------
arch/powerpc/platforms/fsl_uli1575.c | 8 +++-----
arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pic.c | 8 ++++----
arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/event_sources.c | 7 +++----
arch/powerpc/sysdev/mpic_msi.c | 6 +++---
arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c | 5 ++---
drivers/of/irq.c | 15 +++++++--------
drivers/of/of_pci_irq.c | 2 +-
drivers/pci/host/pci-mvebu.c | 5 ++---
include/linux/of_irq.h | 24 ++++--------------------
include/linux/of_pci.h | 4 ++--
19 files changed, 58 insertions(+), 88 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm/mach-integrator/pci_v3.c b/arch/arm/mach-integrator/pci_v3.c
index 0f496cc..2d6b4da 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mach-integrator/pci_v3.c
+++ b/arch/arm/mach-integrator/pci_v3.c
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ static struct hw_pci pci_v3 __initdata = {

static int __init pci_v3_map_irq_dt(const struct pci_dev *dev, u8 slot, u8 pin)
{
- struct of_irq oirq;
+ struct of_phandle_args oirq;
int ret;

ret = of_irq_parse_pci(dev, &oirq);
@@ -847,8 +847,7 @@ static int __init pci_v3_map_irq_dt(const struct pci_dev *dev, u8 slot, u8 pin)
return 0;
}

- return irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.controller, oirq.specifier,
- oirq.size);
+ return irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.np, oirq.args, oirq.args_count);
}

static int __init pci_v3_dtprobe(struct platform_device *pdev,
diff --git a/arch/microblaze/pci/pci-common.c b/arch/microblaze/pci/pci-common.c
index 4d5b1a9..c9302c4 100644
--- a/arch/microblaze/pci/pci-common.c
+++ b/arch/microblaze/pci/pci-common.c
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ void pcibios_set_master(struct pci_dev *dev)
*/
int pci_read_irq_line(struct pci_dev *pci_dev)
{
- struct of_irq oirq;
+ struct of_phandle_args oirq;
unsigned int virq;

/* The current device-tree that iSeries generates from the HV
@@ -243,11 +243,10 @@ int pci_read_irq_line(struct pci_dev *pci_dev)
irq_set_irq_type(virq, IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_LOW);
} else {
pr_debug(" Got one, spec %d cells (0x%08x 0x%08x...) on %s\n",
- oirq.size, oirq.specifier[0], oirq.specifier[1],
- of_node_full_name(oirq.controller));
+ oirq.args_count, oirq.args[0], oirq.args[1],
+ of_node_full_name(oirq.np));

- virq = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.controller, oirq.specifier,
- oirq.size);
+ virq = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.np, oirq.args, oirq.args_count);
}
if (!virq) {
pr_debug(" Failed to map !\n");
diff --git a/arch/mips/pci/fixup-lantiq.c b/arch/mips/pci/fixup-lantiq.c
index 2e8dbfe..81ff0b5 100644
--- a/arch/mips/pci/fixup-lantiq.c
+++ b/arch/mips/pci/fixup-lantiq.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ int pcibios_plat_dev_init(struct pci_dev *dev)

int __init pcibios_map_irq(const struct pci_dev *dev, u8 slot, u8 pin)
{
- struct of_irq dev_irq;
+ struct of_phandle_args dev_irq;
int irq;

if (of_irq_parse_pci(dev, &dev_irq)) {
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ int __init pcibios_map_irq(const struct pci_dev *dev, u8 slot, u8 pin)
slot, pin);
return 0;
}
- irq = irq_create_of_mapping(dev_irq.controller, dev_irq.specifier,
- dev_irq.size);
+ irq = irq_create_of_mapping(dev_irq.np, dev_irq.args, dev_irq.args_count);
dev_info(&dev->dev, "SLOT:%d PIN:%d IRQ:%d\n", slot, pin, irq);
return irq;
}
diff --git a/arch/mips/pci/pci-rt3883.c b/arch/mips/pci/pci-rt3883.c
index cae92a0..0f08a5b 100644
--- a/arch/mips/pci/pci-rt3883.c
+++ b/arch/mips/pci/pci-rt3883.c
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ err_put_intc_node:

int __init pcibios_map_irq(const struct pci_dev *dev, u8 slot, u8 pin)
{
- struct of_irq dev_irq;
+ struct of_phandle_args dev_irq;
int err;
int irq;

@@ -594,9 +594,7 @@ int __init pcibios_map_irq(const struct pci_dev *dev, u8 slot, u8 pin)
return 0;
}

- irq = irq_create_of_mapping(dev_irq.controller,
- dev_irq.specifier,
- dev_irq.size);
+ irq = irq_create_of_mapping(dev_irq.np, dev_irq.args, dev_irq.args_count);

if (irq == 0)
pr_crit("pci %s: no irq found for pin %u\n",
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/pci-common.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/pci-common.c
index 2f41854..96c4623 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/pci-common.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/pci-common.c
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ int pcibios_add_platform_entries(struct pci_dev *pdev)
*/
static int pci_read_irq_line(struct pci_dev *pci_dev)
{
- struct of_irq oirq;
+ struct of_phandle_args oirq;
unsigned int virq;

pr_debug("PCI: Try to map irq for %s...\n", pci_name(pci_dev));
@@ -263,11 +263,10 @@ static int pci_read_irq_line(struct pci_dev *pci_dev)
irq_set_irq_type(virq, IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_LOW);
} else {
pr_debug(" Got one, spec %d cells (0x%08x 0x%08x...) on %s\n",
- oirq.size, oirq.specifier[0], oirq.specifier[1],
- of_node_full_name(oirq.controller));
+ oirq.args_count, oirq.args[0], oirq.args[1],
+ of_node_full_name(oirq.np));

- virq = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.controller, oirq.specifier,
- oirq.size);
+ virq = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.np, oirq.args, oirq.args_count);
}
if(virq == NO_IRQ) {
pr_debug(" Failed to map !\n");
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/celleb_scc_pciex.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/celleb_scc_pciex.c
index 40bc371..e8d34d1 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/celleb_scc_pciex.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/celleb_scc_pciex.c
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ static __init int celleb_setup_pciex(struct device_node *node,
struct pci_controller *phb)
{
struct resource r;
- struct of_irq oirq;
+ struct of_phandle_args oirq;
int virq;

/* SMMIO registers; used inside this file */
@@ -511,8 +511,7 @@ static __init int celleb_setup_pciex(struct device_node *node,
pr_err("PCIEXC:Failed to map irq\n");
goto error;
}
- virq = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.controller, oirq.specifier,
- oirq.size);
+ virq = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.np, oirq.args, oirq.args_count);
if (request_irq(virq, pciex_handle_internal_irq,
0, "pciex", (void *)phb)) {
pr_err("PCIEXC:Failed to request irq\n");
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/celleb_scc_sio.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/celleb_scc_sio.c
index 96388b2..06046d5 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/celleb_scc_sio.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/celleb_scc_sio.c
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ static int __init txx9_serial_init(void)
struct device_node *node;
int i;
struct uart_port req;
- struct of_irq irq;
+ struct of_phandle_args irq;
struct resource res;

for_each_compatible_node(node, "serial", "toshiba,sio-scc") {
@@ -66,8 +66,7 @@ static int __init txx9_serial_init(void)
#ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_TXX9_CONSOLE
req.membase = ioremap(req.mapbase, 0x24);
#endif
- req.irq = irq_create_of_mapping(irq.controller,
- irq.specifier, irq.size);
+ req.irq = irq_create_of_mapping(irq.np, irq.args, irq.args_count);
req.flags |= UPF_IOREMAP | UPF_BUGGY_UART
/*HAVE_CTS_LINE*/;
req.uartclk = 83300000;
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spider-pic.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spider-pic.c
index b491f40..6e842fd 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spider-pic.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spider-pic.c
@@ -235,10 +235,10 @@ static unsigned int __init spider_find_cascade_and_node(struct spider_pic *pic)
/* First, we check whether we have a real "interrupts" in the device
* tree in case the device-tree is ever fixed
*/
- struct of_irq oirq;
+ struct of_phandle_args oirq;
if (of_irq_parse_one(pic->host->of_node, 0, &oirq) == 0) {
- virq = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.controller, oirq.specifier,
- oirq.size);
+ virq = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.np, oirq.args,
+ oirq.args_count);
return virq;
}

diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_manage.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_manage.c
index e6cdb81..e9eb4f8 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_manage.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_manage.c
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ out:

static int __init spu_map_interrupts(struct spu *spu, struct device_node *np)
{
- struct of_irq oirq;
+ struct of_phandle_args oirq;
int ret;
int i;

@@ -188,10 +188,10 @@ static int __init spu_map_interrupts(struct spu *spu, struct device_node *np)
goto err;
}
ret = -EINVAL;
- pr_debug(" irq %d no 0x%x on %s\n", i, oirq.specifier[0],
- oirq.controller->full_name);
- spu->irqs[i] = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.controller,
- oirq.specifier, oirq.size);
+ pr_debug(" irq %d no 0x%x on %s\n", i, oirq.args[0],
+ oirq.np->full_name);
+ spu->irqs[i] = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.np,
+ oirq.args, oirq.args_count);
if (spu->irqs[i] == NO_IRQ) {
pr_debug("spu_new: failed to map it !\n");
goto err;
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ static int __init spu_map_interrupts(struct spu *spu, struct device_node *np)
return 0;

err:
- pr_debug("failed to map irq %x for spu %s\n", *oirq.specifier,
+ pr_debug("failed to map irq %x for spu %s\n", *oirq.args,
spu->name);
for (; i >= 0; i--) {
if (spu->irqs[i] != NO_IRQ)
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/fsl_uli1575.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/fsl_uli1575.c
index ac539c1..288226d 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/fsl_uli1575.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/fsl_uli1575.c
@@ -321,8 +321,8 @@ static void hpcd_final_uli5288(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
struct pci_controller *hose = pci_bus_to_host(dev->bus);
struct device_node *hosenode = hose ? hose->dn : NULL;
- struct of_irq oirq;
- int virq, pin = 2;
+ struct of_phandle_args oirq;
+ int pin = 2;
u32 laddr[3];

if (!machine_is(mpc86xx_hpcd))
@@ -334,9 +334,7 @@ static void hpcd_final_uli5288(struct pci_dev *dev)
laddr[0] = (hose->first_busno << 16) | (PCI_DEVFN(31, 0) << 8);
laddr[1] = laddr[2] = 0;
of_irq_parse_raw(hosenode, &pin, 1, laddr, &oirq);
- virq = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.controller, oirq.specifier,
- oirq.size);
- dev->irq = virq;
+ dev->irq = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.np, oirq.args, oirq.args_count);
}

DECLARE_PCI_FIXUP_HEADER(PCI_VENDOR_ID_AL, 0x1575, hpcd_quirk_uli1575);
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pic.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pic.c
index 720663e..4c24bf6 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pic.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pic.c
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ static void __init pmac_pic_probe_oldstyle(void)
}

int of_irq_parse_oldworld(struct device_node *device, int index,
- struct of_irq *out_irq)
+ struct of_phandle_args *out_irq)
{
const u32 *ints = NULL;
int intlen;
@@ -422,9 +422,9 @@ int of_irq_parse_oldworld(struct device_node *device, int index,
if (index >= intlen)
return -EINVAL;

- out_irq->controller = NULL;
- out_irq->specifier[0] = ints[index];
- out_irq->size = 1;
+ out_irq->np = NULL;
+ out_irq->args[0] = ints[index];
+ out_irq->args_count = 1;

return 0;
}
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/event_sources.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/event_sources.c
index 850c18c..6dcf9cc 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/event_sources.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/event_sources.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ void request_event_sources_irqs(struct device_node *np,
const char *name)
{
int i, index, count = 0;
- struct of_irq oirq;
+ struct of_phandle_args oirq;
const u32 *opicprop;
unsigned int opicplen;
unsigned int virqs[16];
@@ -59,9 +59,8 @@ void request_event_sources_irqs(struct device_node *np,
index++) {
if (count > 15)
break;
- virqs[count] = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.controller,
- oirq.specifier,
- oirq.size);
+ virqs[count] = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.np, oirq.args,
+ oirq.args_count);
if (virqs[count] == NO_IRQ) {
pr_err("event-sources: Unable to allocate "
"interrupt number for %s\n",
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/sysdev/mpic_msi.c b/arch/powerpc/sysdev/mpic_msi.c
index 463e3a7..7dc39f3 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/sysdev/mpic_msi.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/sysdev/mpic_msi.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ static int mpic_msi_reserve_u3_hwirqs(struct mpic *mpic)
const struct irq_domain_ops *ops = mpic->irqhost->ops;
struct device_node *np;
int flags, index, i;
- struct of_irq oirq;
+ struct of_phandle_args oirq;

pr_debug("mpic: found U3, guessing msi allocator setup\n");

@@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ static int mpic_msi_reserve_u3_hwirqs(struct mpic *mpic)

index = 0;
while (of_irq_parse_one(np, index++, &oirq) == 0) {
- ops->xlate(mpic->irqhost, NULL, oirq.specifier,
- oirq.size, &hwirq, &flags);
+ ops->xlate(mpic->irqhost, NULL, oirq.args,
+ oirq.args_count, &hwirq, &flags);
msi_bitmap_reserve_hwirq(&mpic->msi_bitmap, hwirq);
}
}
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c b/arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c
index 3ac6398..0098698 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ struct device_node *pcibios_get_phb_of_node(struct pci_bus *bus)

static int x86_of_pci_irq_enable(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
- struct of_irq oirq;
+ struct of_phandle_args oirq;
u32 virq;
int ret;
u8 pin;
@@ -120,8 +120,7 @@ static int x86_of_pci_irq_enable(struct pci_dev *dev)
if (ret)
return ret;

- virq = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.controller, oirq.specifier,
- oirq.size);
+ virq = irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.np, oirq.args, oirq.args_count);
if (virq == 0)
return -EINVAL;
dev->irq = virq;
diff --git a/drivers/of/irq.c b/drivers/of/irq.c
index 410aa24..a7db38a 100644
--- a/drivers/of/irq.c
+++ b/drivers/of/irq.c
@@ -36,13 +36,12 @@
*/
unsigned int irq_of_parse_and_map(struct device_node *dev, int index)
{
- struct of_irq oirq;
+ struct of_phandle_args oirq;

if (of_irq_parse_one(dev, index, &oirq))
return 0;

- return irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.controller, oirq.specifier,
- oirq.size);
+ return irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.np, oirq.args, oirq.args_count);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(irq_of_parse_and_map);

@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ struct device_node *of_irq_find_parent(struct device_node *child)
* node exist for the parent.
*/
int of_irq_parse_raw(struct device_node *parent, const __be32 *intspec,
- u32 ointsize, const __be32 *addr, struct of_irq *out_irq)
+ u32 ointsize, const __be32 *addr, struct of_phandle_args *out_irq)
{
struct device_node *ipar, *tnode, *old = NULL, *newpar = NULL;
const __be32 *tmp, *imap, *imask;
@@ -156,10 +155,10 @@ int of_irq_parse_raw(struct device_node *parent, const __be32 *intspec,
NULL) {
pr_debug(" -> got it !\n");
for (i = 0; i < intsize; i++)
- out_irq->specifier[i] =
+ out_irq->args[i] =
of_read_number(intspec +i, 1);
- out_irq->size = intsize;
- out_irq->controller = ipar;
+ out_irq->args_count = intsize;
+ out_irq->np = ipar;
of_node_put(old);
return 0;
}
@@ -280,7 +279,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(of_irq_parse_raw);
* This function resolves an interrupt, walking the tree, for a given
* device-tree node. It's the high level pendant to of_irq_parse_raw().
*/
-int of_irq_parse_one(struct device_node *device, int index, struct of_irq *out_irq)
+int of_irq_parse_one(struct device_node *device, int index, struct of_phandle_args *out_irq)
{
struct device_node *p;
const __be32 *intspec, *tmp, *addr;
diff --git a/drivers/of/of_pci_irq.c b/drivers/of/of_pci_irq.c
index dceec10..ee3293d 100644
--- a/drivers/of/of_pci_irq.c
+++ b/drivers/of/of_pci_irq.c
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
* PCI tree until an device-node is found, at which point it will finish
* resolving using the OF tree walking.
*/
-int of_irq_parse_pci(const struct pci_dev *pdev, struct of_irq *out_irq)
+int of_irq_parse_pci(const struct pci_dev *pdev, struct of_phandle_args *out_irq)
{
struct device_node *dn, *ppnode;
struct pci_dev *ppdev;
diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-mvebu.c b/drivers/pci/host/pci-mvebu.c
index 05f8180..c5e57f8 100644
--- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-mvebu.c
+++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-mvebu.c
@@ -647,15 +647,14 @@ static int __init mvebu_pcie_setup(int nr, struct pci_sys_data *sys)

static int __init mvebu_pcie_map_irq(const struct pci_dev *dev, u8 slot, u8 pin)
{
- struct of_irq oirq;
+ struct of_phandle_args oirq;
int ret;

ret = of_irq_parse_pci(dev, &oirq);
if (ret)
return ret;

- return irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.controller, oirq.specifier,
- oirq.size);
+ return irq_create_of_mapping(oirq.np, oirq.args, oirq.args_count);
}

static struct pci_bus *mvebu_pcie_scan_bus(int nr, struct pci_sys_data *sys)
diff --git a/include/linux/of_irq.h b/include/linux/of_irq.h
index a00bc71..8d9f855 100644
--- a/include/linux/of_irq.h
+++ b/include/linux/of_irq.h
@@ -8,22 +8,6 @@
#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <linux/of.h>

-/**
- * of_irq - container for device_node/irq_specifier pair for an irq controller
- * @controller: pointer to interrupt controller device tree node
- * @size: size of interrupt specifier
- * @specifier: array of cells @size long specifing the specific interrupt
- *
- * This structure is returned when an interrupt is mapped. The controller
- * field needs to be put() after use
- */
-#define OF_MAX_IRQ_SPEC 4 /* We handle specifiers of at most 4 cells */
-struct of_irq {
- struct device_node *controller; /* Interrupt controller node */
- u32 size; /* Specifier size */
- u32 specifier[OF_MAX_IRQ_SPEC]; /* Specifier copy */
-};
-
typedef int (*of_irq_init_cb_t)(struct device_node *, struct device_node *);

/*
@@ -36,12 +20,12 @@ typedef int (*of_irq_init_cb_t)(struct device_node *, struct device_node *);
extern unsigned int of_irq_workarounds;
extern struct device_node *of_irq_dflt_pic;
extern int of_irq_parse_oldworld(struct device_node *device, int index,
- struct of_irq *out_irq);
+ struct of_phandle_args *out_irq);
#else /* CONFIG_PPC32 && CONFIG_PPC_PMAC */
#define of_irq_workarounds (0)
#define of_irq_dflt_pic (NULL)
static inline int of_irq_parse_oldworld(struct device_node *device, int index,
- struct of_irq *out_irq)
+ struct of_phandle_args *out_irq)
{
return -EINVAL;
}
@@ -50,9 +34,9 @@ static inline int of_irq_parse_oldworld(struct device_node *device, int index,

extern int of_irq_parse_raw(struct device_node *parent, const __be32 *intspec,
u32 ointsize, const __be32 *addr,
- struct of_irq *out_irq);
+ struct of_phandle_args *out_irq);
extern int of_irq_parse_one(struct device_node *device, int index,
- struct of_irq *out_irq);
+ struct of_phandle_args *out_irq);
extern unsigned int irq_create_of_mapping(struct device_node *controller,
const u32 *intspec,
unsigned int intsize);
diff --git a/include/linux/of_pci.h b/include/linux/of_pci.h
index 839ba20..f297237 100644
--- a/include/linux/of_pci.h
+++ b/include/linux/of_pci.h
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
#include <linux/msi.h>

struct pci_dev;
-struct of_irq;
-int of_irq_parse_pci(const struct pci_dev *pdev, struct of_irq *out_irq);
+struct of_phandle_args;
+int of_irq_parse_pci(const struct pci_dev *pdev, struct of_phandle_args *out_irq);

struct device_node;
struct device_node *of_pci_find_child_device(struct device_node *parent,
--
1.8.1.2