[PATCH v3 22/33] radix-tree: Delete radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged()

Matthew Wilcox
2016-11-28T19:58:59Z

From: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>

This is an exceptionally complicated function with just one caller
(tag_pages_for_writeback). We devote a large portion of the runtime
of the test suite to testing this one function which has one caller.
By introducing the new function radix_tree_iter_tag_set(), we
can eliminate all of the complexity while keeping the performance.
The caller can now use a fairly standard radix_tree_for_each() loop,
and it doesn't need to worry about tricksy things like 'start' wrapping.

The test suite continues to spend a large amount of time investigating
this function, but now it's testing the underlying primitives such as
radix_tree_iter_resume() and the radix_tree_for_each_tagged() iterator
which are also used by other parts of the kernel.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
---
include/linux/radix-tree.h | 74 ++++++++++-----------
lib/radix-tree.c | 117 ++++++---------------------------
mm/page-writeback.c | 28 +++++---
tools/testing/radix-tree/main.c | 12 ++--
tools/testing/radix-tree/multiorder.c | 13 ++--
tools/testing/radix-tree/regression2.c | 3 +-
tools/testing/radix-tree/tag_check.c | 4 +-
tools/testing/radix-tree/test.c | 34 ++++++++++
tools/testing/radix-tree/test.h | 3 +
9 files changed, 125 insertions(+), 163 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/radix-tree.h b/include/linux/radix-tree.h
index a13d3f7c6c..7a8d251 100644
--- a/include/linux/radix-tree.h
+++ b/include/linux/radix-tree.h
@@ -121,6 +121,41 @@ static inline bool radix_tree_empty(struct radix_tree_root *root)
}

/**
+ * struct radix_tree_iter - radix tree iterator state
+ *
+ * @index: index of current slot
+ * @next_index: one beyond the last index for this chunk
+ * @tags: bit-mask for tag-iterating
+ * @node: node that contains current slot
+ * @shift: shift for the node that holds our slots
+ *
+ * This radix tree iterator works in terms of "chunks" of slots. A chunk is a
+ * subinterval of slots contained within one radix tree leaf node. It is
+ * described by a pointer to its first slot and a struct radix_tree_iter
+ * which holds the chunk's position in the tree and its size. For tagged
+ * iteration radix_tree_iter also holds the slots' bit-mask for one chosen
+ * radix tree tag.
+ */
+struct radix_tree_iter {
+ unsigned long index;
+ unsigned long next_index;
+ unsigned long tags;
+ struct radix_tree_node *node;
+#ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
+ unsigned int shift;
+#endif
+};
+
+static inline unsigned int iter_shift(const struct radix_tree_iter *iter)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
+ return iter->shift;
+#else
+ return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
* Radix-tree synchronization
*
* The radix-tree API requires that users provide all synchronisation (with
@@ -283,6 +318,8 @@ void *radix_tree_tag_clear(struct radix_tree_root *root,
unsigned long index, unsigned int tag);
int radix_tree_tag_get(struct radix_tree_root *root,
unsigned long index, unsigned int tag);
+void radix_tree_iter_tag_set(struct radix_tree_root *root,
+ const struct radix_tree_iter *iter, unsigned int tag);
unsigned int
radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag(struct radix_tree_root *root, void **results,
unsigned long first_index, unsigned int max_items,
@@ -291,10 +328,6 @@ unsigned int
radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag_slot(struct radix_tree_root *root, void ***results,
unsigned long first_index, unsigned int max_items,
unsigned int tag);
-unsigned long radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged(struct radix_tree_root *root,
- unsigned long *first_indexp, unsigned long last_index,
- unsigned long nr_to_tag,
- unsigned int fromtag, unsigned int totag);
int radix_tree_tagged(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned int tag);

static inline void radix_tree_preload_end(void)
@@ -302,39 +335,6 @@ static inline void radix_tree_preload_end(void)
preempt_enable();
}

-/**
- * struct radix_tree_iter - radix tree iterator state
- *
- * @index: index of current slot
- * @next_index: one beyond the last index for this chunk
- * @tags: bit-mask for tag-iterating
- * @shift: shift for the node that holds our slots
- *
- * This radix tree iterator works in terms of "chunks" of slots. A chunk is a
- * subinterval of slots contained within one radix tree leaf node. It is
- * described by a pointer to its first slot and a struct radix_tree_iter
- * which holds the chunk's position in the tree and its size. For tagged
- * iteration radix_tree_iter also holds the slots' bit-mask for one chosen
- * radix tree tag.
- */
-struct radix_tree_iter {
- unsigned long index;
- unsigned long next_index;
- unsigned long tags;
-#ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
- unsigned int shift;
-#endif
-};
-
-static inline unsigned int iter_shift(struct radix_tree_iter *iter)
-{
-#ifdef CONFIG_RADIX_TREE_MULTIORDER
- return iter->shift;
-#else
- return 0;
-#endif
-}
-
#define RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAG_MASK 0x00FF /* tag index in lower byte */
#define RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAGGED 0x0100 /* lookup tagged slots */
#define RADIX_TREE_ITER_CONTIG 0x0200 /* stop at first hole */
diff --git a/lib/radix-tree.c b/lib/radix-tree.c
index 54ef055..e1ed58b 100644
--- a/lib/radix-tree.c
+++ b/lib/radix-tree.c
@@ -218,6 +218,11 @@ radix_tree_find_next_bit(struct radix_tree_node *node, unsigned int tag,
return RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE;
}

+static unsigned int iter_offset(const struct radix_tree_iter *iter)
+{
+ return (iter->index >> iter_shift(iter)) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
+}
+
/*
* The maximum index which can be stored in a radix tree
*/
@@ -1014,6 +1019,18 @@ static void node_tag_set(struct radix_tree_root *root,
}

/**
+ * radix_tree_iter_tag_set - set a tag on the current iterator entry
+ * @root: radix tree root
+ * @iter: iterator state
+ * @tag: tag to set
+ */
+void radix_tree_iter_tag_set(struct radix_tree_root *root,
+ const struct radix_tree_iter *iter, unsigned int tag)
+{
+ node_tag_set(root, iter->node, tag, iter_offset(iter));
+}
+
+/**
* radix_tree_tag_clear - clear a tag on a radix tree node
* @root: radix tree root
* @index: index key
@@ -1163,6 +1180,7 @@ void ** __radix_tree_next_slot(void **slot, struct radix_tree_iter *iter,
if (node == RADIX_TREE_RETRY)
return slot;
node = entry_to_node(node);
+ iter->node = node;
iter->shift = node->shift;

if (flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAGGED) {
@@ -1265,6 +1283,7 @@ void **radix_tree_next_chunk(struct radix_tree_root *root,
iter->index = index;
iter->next_index = maxindex + 1;
iter->tags = 1;
+ iter->node = NULL;
__set_iter_shift(iter, 0);
return (void **)&root->rnode;
}
@@ -1307,6 +1326,7 @@ void **radix_tree_next_chunk(struct radix_tree_root *root,
/* Update the iterator state */
iter->index = (index &~ node_maxindex(node)) | (offset << node->shift);
iter->next_index = (index | node_maxindex(node)) + 1;
+ iter->node = node;
__set_iter_shift(iter, node->shift);

if (flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAGGED)
@@ -1317,103 +1337,6 @@ void **radix_tree_next_chunk(struct radix_tree_root *root,
EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_next_chunk);

/**
- * radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged - for each item in given range set given
- * tag if item has another tag set
- * @root: radix tree root
- * @first_indexp: pointer to a starting index of a range to scan
- * @last_index: last index of a range to scan
- * @nr_to_tag: maximum number items to tag
- * @iftag: tag index to test
- * @settag: tag index to set if tested tag is set
- *
- * This function scans range of radix tree from first_index to last_index
- * (inclusive). For each item in the range if iftag is set, the function sets
- * also settag. The function stops either after tagging nr_to_tag items or
- * after reaching last_index.
- *
- * The tags must be set from the leaf level only and propagated back up the
- * path to the root. We must do this so that we resolve the full path before
- * setting any tags on intermediate nodes. If we set tags as we descend, then
- * we can get to the leaf node and find that the index that has the iftag
- * set is outside the range we are scanning. This reults in dangling tags and
- * can lead to problems with later tag operations (e.g. livelocks on lookups).
- *
- * The function returns the number of leaves where the tag was set and sets
- * *first_indexp to the first unscanned index.
- * WARNING! *first_indexp can wrap if last_index is ULONG_MAX. Caller must
- * be prepared to handle that.
- */
-unsigned long radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged(struct radix_tree_root *root,
- unsigned long *first_indexp, unsigned long last_index,
- unsigned long nr_to_tag,
- unsigned int iftag, unsigned int settag)
-{
- struct radix_tree_node *node, *child;
- unsigned long maxindex;
- unsigned long tagged = 0;
- unsigned long index = *first_indexp;
-
- radix_tree_load_root(root, &child, &maxindex);
- last_index = min(last_index, maxindex);
- if (index > last_index)
- return 0;
- if (!nr_to_tag)
- return 0;
- if (!root_tag_get(root, iftag)) {
- *first_indexp = last_index + 1;
- return 0;
- }
- if (!radix_tree_is_internal_node(child)) {
- *first_indexp = last_index + 1;
- root_tag_set(root, settag);
- return 1;
- }
-
- node = entry_to_node(child);
-
- for (;;) {
- unsigned offset = radix_tree_descend(node, &child, index);
- if (!child)
- goto next;
- if (!tag_get(node, iftag, offset))
- goto next;
- /* Sibling slots never have tags set on them */
- if (radix_tree_is_internal_node(child)) {
- node = entry_to_node(child);
- continue;
- }
-
- tagged++;
- node_tag_set(root, node, settag, offset);
- next:
- /* Go to next entry in node */
- index = ((index >> node->shift) + 1) << node->shift;
- /* Overflow can happen when last_index is ~0UL... */
- if (index > last_index || !index)
- break;
- offset = (index >> node->shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
- while (offset == 0) {
- /*
- * We've fully scanned this node. Go up. Because
- * last_index is guaranteed to be in the tree, what
- * we do below cannot wander astray.
- */
- node = node->parent;
- offset = (index >> node->shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
- }
- if (is_sibling_entry(node, node->slots[offset]))
- goto next;
- if (tagged >= nr_to_tag)
- break;
- }
-
- *first_indexp = index;
-
- return tagged;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged);
-
-/**
* radix_tree_gang_lookup - perform multiple lookup on a radix tree
* @root: radix tree root
* @results: where the results of the lookup are placed
diff --git a/mm/page-writeback.c b/mm/page-writeback.c
index 52e2f8e..290e8b7 100644
--- a/mm/page-writeback.c
+++ b/mm/page-writeback.c
@@ -2106,18 +2106,26 @@ void tag_pages_for_writeback(struct address_space *mapping,
pgoff_t start, pgoff_t end)
{
#define WRITEBACK_TAG_BATCH 4096
- unsigned long tagged;
-
- do {
- spin_lock_irq(&mapping->tree_lock);
- tagged = radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged(&mapping->page_tree,
- &start, end, WRITEBACK_TAG_BATCH,
- PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY, PAGECACHE_TAG_TOWRITE);
+ unsigned long tagged = 0;
+ struct radix_tree_iter iter;
+ void **slot;
+
+ spin_lock_irq(&mapping->tree_lock);
+ radix_tree_for_each_tagged(slot, &mapping->page_tree, &iter, start,
+ PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY) {
+ if (iter.index > end)
+ break;
+ radix_tree_iter_tag_set(&mapping->page_tree, &iter,
+ PAGECACHE_TAG_TOWRITE);
+ tagged++;
+ if ((tagged % WRITEBACK_TAG_BATCH) != 0)
+ continue;
+ slot = radix_tree_iter_resume(slot, &iter);
spin_unlock_irq(&mapping->tree_lock);
- WARN_ON_ONCE(tagged > WRITEBACK_TAG_BATCH);
cond_resched();
- /* We check 'start' to handle wrapping when end == ~0UL */
- } while (tagged >= WRITEBACK_TAG_BATCH && start);
+ spin_lock_irq(&mapping->tree_lock);
+ }
+ spin_unlock_irq(&mapping->tree_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(tag_pages_for_writeback);

diff --git a/tools/testing/radix-tree/main.c b/tools/testing/radix-tree/main.c
index a028dae..170175c 100644
--- a/tools/testing/radix-tree/main.c
+++ b/tools/testing/radix-tree/main.c
@@ -205,8 +205,7 @@ void copy_tag_check(void)
}

// printf("\ncopying tags...\n");
- cur = start;
- tagged = radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged(&tree, &cur, end, ITEMS, 0, 1);
+ tagged = tag_tagged_items(&tree, NULL, start, end, ITEMS, 0, 1);

// printf("checking copied tags\n");
assert(tagged == count);
@@ -214,16 +213,13 @@ void copy_tag_check(void)

/* Copy tags in several rounds */
// printf("\ncopying tags...\n");
- cur = start;
- do {
- tmp = rand() % (count/10+2);
- tagged = radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged(&tree, &cur, end, tmp, 0, 2);
- } while (tmp == tagged);
+ tmp = rand() % (count / 10 + 2);
+ tagged = tag_tagged_items(&tree, NULL, start, end, tmp, 0, 2);
+ assert(tagged == count);

// printf("%lu %lu %lu\n", tagged, tmp, count);
// printf("checking copied tags\n");
check_copied_tags(&tree, start, end, idx, ITEMS, 0, 2);
- assert(tagged < tmp);
verify_tag_consistency(&tree, 0);
verify_tag_consistency(&tree, 1);
verify_tag_consistency(&tree, 2);
diff --git a/tools/testing/radix-tree/multiorder.c b/tools/testing/radix-tree/multiorder.c
index b9be885..86daf23 100644
--- a/tools/testing/radix-tree/multiorder.c
+++ b/tools/testing/radix-tree/multiorder.c
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ static void __multiorder_tag_test(int index, int order)
{
RADIX_TREE(tree, GFP_KERNEL);
int base, err, i;
- unsigned long first = 0;

/* our canonical entry */
base = index & ~((1 << order) - 1);
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ static void __multiorder_tag_test(int index, int order)
assert(!radix_tree_tag_get(&tree, i, 1));
}

- assert(radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged(&tree, &first, ~0UL, 10, 0, 1) == 1);
+ assert(tag_tagged_items(&tree, NULL, 0, ~0UL, 10, 0, 1) == 1);
assert(radix_tree_tag_clear(&tree, index, 0));

for_each_index(i, base, order) {
@@ -251,7 +250,6 @@ void multiorder_tagged_iteration(void)
RADIX_TREE(tree, GFP_KERNEL);
struct radix_tree_iter iter;
void **slot;
- unsigned long first = 0;
int i, j;

printf("Multiorder tagged iteration test\n");
@@ -296,8 +294,8 @@ void multiorder_tagged_iteration(void)
}
}

- radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged(&tree, &first, ~0UL,
- MT_NUM_ENTRIES, 1, 2);
+ assert(tag_tagged_items(&tree, NULL, 0, ~0UL, TAG_ENTRIES, 1, 2) ==
+ TAG_ENTRIES);

for (j = 0; j < 256; j++) {
int mask, k;
@@ -323,9 +321,8 @@ void multiorder_tagged_iteration(void)
}
}

- first = 1;
- radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged(&tree, &first, ~0UL,
- MT_NUM_ENTRIES, 1, 0);
+ assert(tag_tagged_items(&tree, NULL, 1, ~0UL, MT_NUM_ENTRIES * 2, 1, 0)
+ == TAG_ENTRIES);
i = 0;
radix_tree_for_each_tagged(slot, &tree, &iter, 0, 0) {
assert(iter.index == tag_index[i]);
diff --git a/tools/testing/radix-tree/regression2.c b/tools/testing/radix-tree/regression2.c
index 63bf347..a41325d 100644
--- a/tools/testing/radix-tree/regression2.c
+++ b/tools/testing/radix-tree/regression2.c
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
#include <stdio.h>

#include "regression.h"
+#include "test.h"

#define PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY 0
#define PAGECACHE_TAG_WRITEBACK 1
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ void regression2_test(void)
/* 1. */
start = 0;
end = max_slots - 2;
- radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged(&mt_tree, &start, end, 1,
+ tag_tagged_items(&mt_tree, NULL, start, end, 1,
PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY, PAGECACHE_TAG_TOWRITE);

/* 2. */
diff --git a/tools/testing/radix-tree/tag_check.c b/tools/testing/radix-tree/tag_check.c
index 186f6e4..ed5f87d 100644
--- a/tools/testing/radix-tree/tag_check.c
+++ b/tools/testing/radix-tree/tag_check.c
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ __simple_checks(struct radix_tree_root *tree, unsigned long index, int tag)
item_tag_set(tree, index, tag);
ret = item_tag_get(tree, index, tag);
assert(ret != 0);
- ret = radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged(tree, &first, ~0UL, 10, tag, !tag);
+ ret = tag_tagged_items(tree, NULL, first, ~0UL, 10, tag, !tag);
assert(ret == 1);
ret = item_tag_get(tree, index, !tag);
assert(ret != 0);
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ static void single_check(void)
assert(ret == 0);
verify_tag_consistency(&tree, 0);
verify_tag_consistency(&tree, 1);
- ret = radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged(&tree, &first, 10, 10, 0, 1);
+ ret = tag_tagged_items(&tree, NULL, first, 10, 10, 0, 1);
assert(ret == 1);
ret = radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag(&tree, (void **)items, 0, BATCH, 1);
assert(ret == 1);
diff --git a/tools/testing/radix-tree/test.c b/tools/testing/radix-tree/test.c
index 88bf57f..e5726e3 100644
--- a/tools/testing/radix-tree/test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/radix-tree/test.c
@@ -151,6 +151,40 @@ void item_full_scan(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long start,
assert(nfound == 0);
}

+/* Use the same pattern as tag_pages_for_writeback() in mm/page-writeback.c */
+int tag_tagged_items(struct radix_tree_root *root, pthread_mutex_t *lock,
+ unsigned long start, unsigned long end, unsigned batch,
+ unsigned iftag, unsigned thentag)
+{
+ unsigned long tagged = 0;
+ struct radix_tree_iter iter;
+ void **slot;
+
+ if (batch == 0)
+ batch = 1;
+
+ if (lock)
+ pthread_mutex_lock(lock);
+ radix_tree_for_each_tagged(slot, root, &iter, start, iftag) {
+ if (iter.index > end)
+ break;
+ radix_tree_iter_tag_set(root, &iter, thentag);
+ tagged++;
+ if ((tagged % batch) != 0)
+ continue;
+ slot = radix_tree_iter_resume(slot, &iter);
+ if (lock) {
+ pthread_mutex_unlock(lock);
+ rcu_barrier();
+ pthread_mutex_lock(lock);
+ }
+ }
+ if (lock)
+ pthread_mutex_unlock(lock);
+
+ return tagged;
+}
+
/* Use the same pattern as find_swap_entry() in mm/shmem.c */
unsigned long find_item(struct radix_tree_root *root, void *item)
{
diff --git a/tools/testing/radix-tree/test.h b/tools/testing/radix-tree/test.h
index 3d9d1d3..e11e4d2 100644
--- a/tools/testing/radix-tree/test.h
+++ b/tools/testing/radix-tree/test.h
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ void item_full_scan(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long start,
unsigned long nr, int chunk);
void item_kill_tree(struct radix_tree_root *root);

+int tag_tagged_items(struct radix_tree_root *, pthread_mutex_t *,
+ unsigned long start, unsigned long end, unsigned batch,
+ unsigned iftag, unsigned thentag);
unsigned long find_item(struct radix_tree_root *, void *item);

void tag_check(void);
--
2.10.2