[PATCH v4 2/3] tools: hv: Add vmbus_bufring

Saurabh Sengar
2023-08-04T07:10:23Z

Provide a userspace interface for userspace drivers or applications to
read/write a VMBus ringbuffer. A significant part of this code is
borrowed from DPDK[1]. Current library is supported exclusively for
the x86 architecture.

To build this library:
make -C tools/hv libvmbus_bufring.a

Applications using this library can include the vmbus_bufring.h header
file and libvmbus_bufring.a statically.

[1] https://github.com/DPDK/dpdk/

Signed-off-by: Mary Hardy <maryhardy@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Saurabh Sengar <ssengar@linux.microsoft.com>
---
[V4]
- Modify comment to remove RingDataStartOffset mention
- Change downward ALIGN macro to upward ALIGN

[V3]
- Made ring buffer data offset depend on page size
- remove rte_smp_rwmb macro and reused rte_compiler_barrier instead
- Added legal counsel sign-off
- Removed "Link:" tag
- Improve commit messages
- new library compilation dependent on x86
- simplify mmap

[V2]
- simpler sysfs path, less parsing

tools/hv/Build | 1 +
tools/hv/Makefile | 13 +-
tools/hv/vmbus_bufring.c | 297 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
tools/hv/vmbus_bufring.h | 154 ++++++++++++++++++++
4 files changed, 464 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
create mode 100644 tools/hv/vmbus_bufring.c
create mode 100644 tools/hv/vmbus_bufring.h

diff --git a/tools/hv/Build b/tools/hv/Build
index 6cf51fa4b306..2a667d3d94cb 100644
--- a/tools/hv/Build
+++ b/tools/hv/Build
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
hv_kvp_daemon-y += hv_kvp_daemon.o
hv_vss_daemon-y += hv_vss_daemon.o
hv_fcopy_daemon-y += hv_fcopy_daemon.o
+vmbus_bufring-y += vmbus_bufring.o
diff --git a/tools/hv/Makefile b/tools/hv/Makefile
index fe770e679ae8..33cf488fd20f 100644
--- a/tools/hv/Makefile
+++ b/tools/hv/Makefile
@@ -11,14 +11,19 @@ srctree := $(patsubst %/,%,$(dir $(CURDIR)))
srctree := $(patsubst %/,%,$(dir $(srctree)))
endif

+include $(srctree)/tools/scripts/Makefile.arch
+
# Do not use make's built-in rules
# (this improves performance and avoids hard-to-debug behaviour);
MAKEFLAGS += -r

override CFLAGS += -O2 -Wall -g -D_GNU_SOURCE -I$(OUTPUT)include

+ifeq ($(SRCARCH),x86)
+ALL_LIBS := libvmbus_bufring.a
+endif
ALL_TARGETS := hv_kvp_daemon hv_vss_daemon hv_fcopy_daemon
-ALL_PROGRAMS := $(patsubst %,$(OUTPUT)%,$(ALL_TARGETS))
+ALL_PROGRAMS := $(patsubst %,$(OUTPUT)%,$(ALL_TARGETS)) $(patsubst %,$(OUTPUT)%,$(ALL_LIBS))

ALL_SCRIPTS := hv_get_dhcp_info.sh hv_get_dns_info.sh hv_set_ifconfig.sh

@@ -27,6 +32,12 @@ all: $(ALL_PROGRAMS)
export srctree OUTPUT CC LD CFLAGS
include $(srctree)/tools/build/Makefile.include

+HV_VMBUS_BUFRING_IN := $(OUTPUT)vmbus_bufring.o
+$(HV_VMBUS_BUFRING_IN): FORCE
+ $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=vmbus_bufring
+$(OUTPUT)libvmbus_bufring.a : vmbus_bufring.o
+ $(AR) rcs $@ $^
+
HV_KVP_DAEMON_IN := $(OUTPUT)hv_kvp_daemon-in.o
$(HV_KVP_DAEMON_IN): FORCE
$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=hv_kvp_daemon
diff --git a/tools/hv/vmbus_bufring.c b/tools/hv/vmbus_bufring.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0a0686751b79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/hv/vmbus_bufring.c
@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2009-2012,2016,2023 Microsoft Corp.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012 NetApp Inc.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012 Citrix Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <emmintrin.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/uio.h>
+#include "vmbus_bufring.h"
+
+#define rte_compiler_barrier() ({ asm volatile ("" : : : "memory"); })
+#define RINGDATA_START_OFFSET (getpagesize())
+#define VMBUS_RQST_ERROR 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
+#define ALIGN(val, align) (((val) + ((align) - 1)) & ~((align) - 1))
+
+/* Increase bufring index by inc with wraparound */
+static inline uint32_t vmbus_br_idxinc(uint32_t idx, uint32_t inc, uint32_t sz)
+{
+ idx += inc;
+ if (idx >= sz)
+ idx -= sz;
+
+ return idx;
+}
+
+void vmbus_br_setup(struct vmbus_br *br, void *buf, unsigned int blen)
+{
+ br->vbr = buf;
+ br->windex = br->vbr->windex;
+ br->dsize = blen - RINGDATA_START_OFFSET;
+}
+
+static inline __always_inline void
+rte_smp_mb(void)
+{
+ asm volatile("lock addl $0, -128(%%rsp); " ::: "memory");
+}
+
+static inline int
+rte_atomic32_cmpset(volatile uint32_t *dst, uint32_t exp, uint32_t src)
+{
+ uint8_t res;
+
+ asm volatile("lock ; "
+ "cmpxchgl %[src], %[dst];"
+ "sete %[res];"
+ : [res] "=a" (res), /* output */
+ [dst] "=m" (*dst)
+ : [src] "r" (src), /* input */
+ "a" (exp),
+ "m" (*dst)
+ : "memory"); /* no-clobber list */
+ return res;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t
+vmbus_txbr_copyto(const struct vmbus_br *tbr, uint32_t windex,
+ const void *src0, uint32_t cplen)
+{
+ uint8_t *br_data = (uint8_t *)tbr->vbr + RINGDATA_START_OFFSET;
+ uint32_t br_dsize = tbr->dsize;
+ const uint8_t *src = src0;
+
+ if (cplen > br_dsize - windex) {
+ uint32_t fraglen = br_dsize - windex;
+
+ /* Wrap-around detected */
+ memcpy(br_data + windex, src, fraglen);
+ memcpy(br_data, src + fraglen, cplen - fraglen);
+ } else {
+ memcpy(br_data + windex, src, cplen);
+ }
+
+ return vmbus_br_idxinc(windex, cplen, br_dsize);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write scattered channel packet to TX bufring.
+ *
+ * The offset of this channel packet is written as a 64bits value
+ * immediately after this channel packet.
+ *
+ * The write goes through three stages:
+ * 1. Reserve space in ring buffer for the new data.
+ * Writer atomically moves priv_write_index.
+ * 2. Copy the new data into the ring.
+ * 3. Update the tail of the ring (visible to host) that indicates
+ * next read location. Writer updates write_index
+ */
+static int
+vmbus_txbr_write(struct vmbus_br *tbr, const struct iovec iov[], int iovlen,
+ bool *need_sig)
+{
+ struct vmbus_bufring *vbr = tbr->vbr;
+ uint32_t ring_size = tbr->dsize;
+ uint32_t old_windex, next_windex, windex, total;
+ uint64_t save_windex;
+ int i;
+
+ total = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < iovlen; i++)
+ total += iov[i].iov_len;
+ total += sizeof(save_windex);
+
+ /* Reserve space in ring */
+ do {
+ uint32_t avail;
+
+ /* Get current free location */
+ old_windex = tbr->windex;
+
+ /* Prevent compiler reordering this with calculation */
+ rte_compiler_barrier();
+
+ avail = vmbus_br_availwrite(tbr, old_windex);
+
+ /* If not enough space in ring, then tell caller. */
+ if (avail <= total)
+ return -EAGAIN;
+
+ next_windex = vmbus_br_idxinc(old_windex, total, ring_size);
+
+ /* Atomic update of next write_index for other threads */
+ } while (!rte_atomic32_cmpset(&tbr->windex, old_windex, next_windex));
+
+ /* Space from old..new is now reserved */
+ windex = old_windex;
+ for (i = 0; i < iovlen; i++)
+ windex = vmbus_txbr_copyto(tbr, windex, iov[i].iov_base, iov[i].iov_len);
+
+ /* Set the offset of the current channel packet. */
+ save_windex = ((uint64_t)old_windex) << 32;
+ windex = vmbus_txbr_copyto(tbr, windex, &save_windex,
+ sizeof(save_windex));
+
+ /* The region reserved should match region used */
+ if (windex != next_windex)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ /* Ensure that data is available before updating host index */
+ rte_compiler_barrier();
+
+ /* Checkin for our reservation. wait for our turn to update host */
+ while (!rte_atomic32_cmpset(&vbr->windex, old_windex, next_windex))
+ _mm_pause();
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int rte_vmbus_chan_send(struct vmbus_br *txbr, uint16_t type, void *data,
+ uint32_t dlen, uint32_t flags)
+{
+ struct vmbus_chanpkt pkt;
+ unsigned int pktlen, pad_pktlen;
+ const uint32_t hlen = sizeof(pkt);
+ bool send_evt = false;
+ uint64_t pad = 0;
+ struct iovec iov[3];
+ int error;
+
+ pktlen = hlen + dlen;
+ pad_pktlen = ALIGN(pktlen, sizeof(uint64_t));
+
+ pkt.hdr.type = type;
+ pkt.hdr.flags = flags;
+ pkt.hdr.hlen = hlen >> VMBUS_CHANPKT_SIZE_SHIFT;
+ pkt.hdr.tlen = pad_pktlen >> VMBUS_CHANPKT_SIZE_SHIFT;
+ pkt.hdr.xactid = VMBUS_RQST_ERROR; /* doesn't support multiple requests at same time */
+
+ iov[0].iov_base = &pkt;
+ iov[0].iov_len = hlen;
+ iov[1].iov_base = data;
+ iov[1].iov_len = dlen;
+ iov[2].iov_base = &pad;
+ iov[2].iov_len = pad_pktlen - pktlen;
+
+ error = vmbus_txbr_write(txbr, iov, 3, &send_evt);
+
+ return error;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t
+vmbus_rxbr_copyfrom(const struct vmbus_br *rbr, uint32_t rindex,
+ void *dst0, size_t cplen)
+{
+ const uint8_t *br_data = (uint8_t *)rbr->vbr + RINGDATA_START_OFFSET;
+ uint32_t br_dsize = rbr->dsize;
+ uint8_t *dst = dst0;
+
+ if (cplen > br_dsize - rindex) {
+ uint32_t fraglen = br_dsize - rindex;
+
+ /* Wrap-around detected. */
+ memcpy(dst, br_data + rindex, fraglen);
+ memcpy(dst + fraglen, br_data, cplen - fraglen);
+ } else {
+ memcpy(dst, br_data + rindex, cplen);
+ }
+
+ return vmbus_br_idxinc(rindex, cplen, br_dsize);
+}
+
+/* Copy data from receive ring but don't change index */
+static int
+vmbus_rxbr_peek(const struct vmbus_br *rbr, void *data, size_t dlen)
+{
+ uint32_t avail;
+
+ /*
+ * The requested data and the 64bits channel packet
+ * offset should be there at least.
+ */
+ avail = vmbus_br_availread(rbr);
+ if (avail < dlen + sizeof(uint64_t))
+ return -EAGAIN;
+
+ vmbus_rxbr_copyfrom(rbr, rbr->vbr->rindex, data, dlen);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Copy data from receive ring and change index
+ * NOTE:
+ * We assume (dlen + skip) == sizeof(channel packet).
+ */
+static int
+vmbus_rxbr_read(struct vmbus_br *rbr, void *data, size_t dlen, size_t skip)
+{
+ struct vmbus_bufring *vbr = rbr->vbr;
+ uint32_t br_dsize = rbr->dsize;
+ uint32_t rindex;
+
+ if (vmbus_br_availread(rbr) < dlen + skip + sizeof(uint64_t))
+ return -EAGAIN;
+
+ /* Record where host was when we started read (for debug) */
+ rbr->windex = rbr->vbr->windex;
+
+ /*
+ * Copy channel packet from RX bufring.
+ */
+ rindex = vmbus_br_idxinc(rbr->vbr->rindex, skip, br_dsize);
+ rindex = vmbus_rxbr_copyfrom(rbr, rindex, data, dlen);
+
+ /*
+ * Discard this channel packet's 64bits offset, which is useless to us.
+ */
+ rindex = vmbus_br_idxinc(rindex, sizeof(uint64_t), br_dsize);
+
+ /* Update the read index _after_ the channel packet is fetched. */
+ rte_compiler_barrier();
+
+ vbr->rindex = rindex;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int rte_vmbus_chan_recv_raw(struct vmbus_br *rxbr,
+ void *data, uint32_t *len)
+{
+ struct vmbus_chanpkt_hdr pkt;
+ uint32_t dlen, bufferlen = *len;
+ int error;
+
+ error = vmbus_rxbr_peek(rxbr, &pkt, sizeof(pkt));
+ if (error)
+ return error;
+
+ if (unlikely(pkt.hlen < VMBUS_CHANPKT_HLEN_MIN))
+ /* XXX this channel is dead actually. */
+ return -EIO;
+
+ if (unlikely(pkt.hlen > pkt.tlen))
+ return -EIO;
+
+ /* Length are in quad words */
+ dlen = pkt.tlen << VMBUS_CHANPKT_SIZE_SHIFT;
+ *len = dlen;
+
+ /* If caller buffer is not large enough */
+ if (unlikely(dlen > bufferlen))
+ return -ENOBUFS;
+
+ /* Read data and skip packet header */
+ error = vmbus_rxbr_read(rxbr, data, dlen, 0);
+ if (error)
+ return error;
+
+ /* Return the number of bytes read */
+ return dlen + sizeof(uint64_t);
+}
diff --git a/tools/hv/vmbus_bufring.h b/tools/hv/vmbus_bufring.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5590df90e971
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/hv/vmbus_bufring.h
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause */
+
+#ifndef _VMBUS_BUF_H_
+#define _VMBUS_BUF_H_
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#define __packed __attribute__((__packed__))
+#define unlikely(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 0)
+
+#define ICMSGHDRFLAG_TRANSACTION 1
+#define ICMSGHDRFLAG_REQUEST 2
+#define ICMSGHDRFLAG_RESPONSE 4
+
+#define IC_VERSION_NEGOTIATION_MAX_VER_COUNT 100
+#define ICMSG_HDR (sizeof(struct vmbuspipe_hdr) + sizeof(struct icmsg_hdr))
+#define ICMSG_NEGOTIATE_PKT_SIZE(icframe_vercnt, icmsg_vercnt) \
+ (ICMSG_HDR + sizeof(struct icmsg_negotiate) + \
+ (((icframe_vercnt) + (icmsg_vercnt)) * sizeof(struct ic_version)))
+
+/*
+ * Channel packets
+ */
+
+/* Channel packet flags */
+#define VMBUS_CHANPKT_TYPE_INBAND 0x0006
+#define VMBUS_CHANPKT_TYPE_RXBUF 0x0007
+#define VMBUS_CHANPKT_TYPE_GPA 0x0009
+#define VMBUS_CHANPKT_TYPE_COMP 0x000b
+
+#define VMBUS_CHANPKT_FLAG_NONE 0
+#define VMBUS_CHANPKT_FLAG_RC 0x0001 /* report completion */
+
+#define VMBUS_CHANPKT_SIZE_SHIFT 3
+#define VMBUS_CHANPKT_SIZE_ALIGN BIT(VMBUS_CHANPKT_SIZE_SHIFT)
+#define VMBUS_CHANPKT_HLEN_MIN \
+ (sizeof(struct vmbus_chanpkt_hdr) >> VMBUS_CHANPKT_SIZE_SHIFT)
+
+/*
+ * Buffer ring
+ */
+struct vmbus_bufring {
+ volatile uint32_t windex;
+ volatile uint32_t rindex;
+
+ /*
+ * Interrupt mask {0,1}
+ *
+ * For TX bufring, host set this to 1, when it is processing
+ * the TX bufring, so that we can safely skip the TX event
+ * notification to host.
+ *
+ * For RX bufring, once this is set to 1 by us, host will not
+ * further dispatch interrupts to us, even if there are data
+ * pending on the RX bufring. This effectively disables the
+ * interrupt of the channel to which this RX bufring is attached.
+ */
+ volatile uint32_t imask;
+
+ /*
+ * Win8 uses some of the reserved bits to implement
+ * interrupt driven flow management. On the send side
+ * we can request that the receiver interrupt the sender
+ * when the ring transitions from being full to being able
+ * to handle a message of size "pending_send_sz".
+ *
+ * Add necessary state for this enhancement.
+ */
+ volatile uint32_t pending_send;
+ uint32_t reserved1[12];
+
+ union {
+ struct {
+ uint32_t feat_pending_send_sz:1;
+ };
+ uint32_t value;
+ } feature_bits;
+
+ /*
+ * Ring data starts after PAGE_SIZE offset (RINGDATA_START_OFFSET).
+ * !!! DO NOT place any fields below this !!!
+ */
+ uint8_t data[];
+} __packed;
+
+struct vmbus_br {
+ struct vmbus_bufring *vbr;
+ uint32_t dsize;
+ uint32_t windex; /* next available location */
+};
+
+struct vmbus_chanpkt_hdr {
+ uint16_t type; /* VMBUS_CHANPKT_TYPE_ */
+ uint16_t hlen; /* header len, in 8 bytes */
+ uint16_t tlen; /* total len, in 8 bytes */
+ uint16_t flags; /* VMBUS_CHANPKT_FLAG_ */
+ uint64_t xactid;
+} __packed;
+
+struct vmbus_chanpkt {
+ struct vmbus_chanpkt_hdr hdr;
+} __packed;
+
+struct vmbuspipe_hdr {
+ unsigned int flags;
+ unsigned int msgsize;
+} __packed;
+
+struct ic_version {
+ unsigned short major;
+ unsigned short minor;
+} __packed;
+
+struct icmsg_negotiate {
+ unsigned short icframe_vercnt;
+ unsigned short icmsg_vercnt;
+ unsigned int reserved;
+ struct ic_version icversion_data[]; /* any size array */
+} __packed;
+
+struct icmsg_hdr {
+ struct ic_version icverframe;
+ unsigned short icmsgtype;
+ struct ic_version icvermsg;
+ unsigned short icmsgsize;
+ unsigned int status;
+ unsigned char ictransaction_id;
+ unsigned char icflags;
+ unsigned char reserved[2];
+} __packed;
+
+int rte_vmbus_chan_recv_raw(struct vmbus_br *rxbr, void *data, uint32_t *len);
+int rte_vmbus_chan_send(struct vmbus_br *txbr, uint16_t type, void *data,
+ uint32_t dlen, uint32_t flags);
+void vmbus_br_setup(struct vmbus_br *br, void *buf, unsigned int blen);
+
+/* Amount of space available for write */
+static inline uint32_t vmbus_br_availwrite(const struct vmbus_br *br, uint32_t windex)
+{
+ uint32_t rindex = br->vbr->rindex;
+
+ if (windex >= rindex)
+ return br->dsize - (windex - rindex);
+ else
+ return rindex - windex;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t vmbus_br_availread(const struct vmbus_br *br)
+{
+ return br->dsize - vmbus_br_availwrite(br, br->vbr->windex);
+}
+
+#endif /* !_VMBUS_BUF_H_ */
--
2.34.1