[PATCH] llist: Clarify comments about when locking is needed

[PATCH] llist: Clarify comments about when locking is needed

[Joel Fernandes]

llist.h comments are a bit confusing about when locking is needed versus when
it isn't. Clarify these comments a bit more and be a bit more descriptive about
why locking is needed for llist_del_first.

Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Paul McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes <joelaf@google.com>
---
 include/linux/llist.h | 37 +++++++++++++++++++++----------------
 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/llist.h b/include/linux/llist.h
index fd4ca0b..31822bb 100644
--- a/include/linux/llist.h
+++ b/include/linux/llist.h
@@ -3,28 +3,33 @@
 /*
  * Lock-less NULL terminated single linked list
  *
- * If there are multiple producers and multiple consumers, llist_add
- * can be used in producers and llist_del_all can be used in
- * consumers.  They can work simultaneously without lock.  But
- * llist_del_first can not be used here.  Because llist_del_first
- * depends on list->first->next does not changed if list->first is not
- * changed during its operation, but llist_del_first, llist_add,
- * llist_add (or llist_del_all, llist_add, llist_add) sequence in
- * another consumer may violate that.
- *
- * If there are multiple producers and one consumer, llist_add can be
- * used in producers and llist_del_all or llist_del_first can be used
- * in the consumer.
- *
- * This can be summarized as follow:
+ * Cases where locking is not needed:
+ * If there are multiple producers and multiple consumers, llist_add can be
+ * used in producers and llist_del_all can be used in consumers simultaneously
+ * without locking. Also a single consumer can use llist_del_first while multiple
+ * producers simultaneously use llist_add, without any locking.
+ *
+ * Cases where locking is needed:
+ * If we have multiple consumers with llist_del_first used in one consumer, and
+ * llist_del_first or llist_del_all used in other consumers, then a lock is
+ * needed.  This is because llist_del_first depends on list->first->next not
+ * changing, but without lock protection, there's no way to be sure about that
+ * if a preemption happens in the middle of the delete operation and on being
+ * preempted back, the list->first is the same as before causing the cmpxchg in
+ * llist_del_first to succeed. For example, while a llist_del_first operation
+ * is in progress in one consumer, then - a llist_del_first, llist_add,
+ * llist_add (or llist_del_all, llist_add, llist_add) sequence in another
+ * consumer may cause violations.
+ *
+ * This can be summarized as follows:
  *
  *           |   add    | del_first |  del_all
  * add       |    -     |     -     |     -
  * del_first |          |     L     |     L
  * del_all   |          |           |     -
  *
- * Where "-" stands for no lock is needed, while "L" stands for lock
- * is needed.
+ * Where, a particular row's operation can happen concurrently with a column's
+ * operation, with "-" being no lock needed, while "L" being lock is needed.
  *
  * The list entries deleted via llist_del_all can be traversed with
  * traversing function such as llist_for_each etc.  But the list
-- 
2.8.0.rc3.226.g39d4020

Re: [PATCH] llist: Clarify comments about when locking is needed

[Mathieu Desnoyers]

----- On Dec 10, 2016, at 5:13 AM, Joel Fernandes joelaf@google.com wrote:

> llist.h comments are a bit confusing about when locking is needed versus when
> it isn't. Clarify these comments a bit more and be a bit more descriptive about
> why locking is needed for llist_del_first.

Could rephrase the last sentence as:

Clarify these comments by being more descriptive about why locking
is needed for llist_del_first.

> 
> Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
> Cc: Paul McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
> Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes <joelaf@google.com>
> ---
> include/linux/llist.h | 37 +++++++++++++++++++++----------------
> 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/include/linux/llist.h b/include/linux/llist.h
> index fd4ca0b..31822bb 100644
> --- a/include/linux/llist.h
> +++ b/include/linux/llist.h
> @@ -3,28 +3,33 @@
> /*
>  * Lock-less NULL terminated single linked list
>  *
> - * If there are multiple producers and multiple consumers, llist_add
> - * can be used in producers and llist_del_all can be used in
> - * consumers.  They can work simultaneously without lock.  But
> - * llist_del_first can not be used here.  Because llist_del_first
> - * depends on list->first->next does not changed if list->first is not
> - * changed during its operation, but llist_del_first, llist_add,
> - * llist_add (or llist_del_all, llist_add, llist_add) sequence in
> - * another consumer may violate that.
> - *
> - * If there are multiple producers and one consumer, llist_add can be
> - * used in producers and llist_del_all or llist_del_first can be used
> - * in the consumer.
> - *
> - * This can be summarized as follow:
> + * Cases where locking is not needed:
> + * If there are multiple producers and multiple consumers, llist_add can be
> + * used in producers and llist_del_all can be used in consumers simultaneously
> + * without locking. Also a single consumer can use llist_del_first while
> multiple
> + * producers simultaneously use llist_add, without any locking.
> + *
> + * Cases where locking is needed:
> + * If we have multiple consumers with llist_del_first used in one consumer, and
> + * llist_del_first or llist_del_all used in other consumers, then a lock is
> + * needed.  This is because llist_del_first depends on list->first->next not
> + * changing, but without lock protection, there's no way to be sure about that
> + * if a preemption happens in the middle of the delete operation and on being
> + * preempted back, the list->first is the same as before causing the cmpxchg in
> + * llist_del_first to succeed. For example, while a llist_del_first operation
> + * is in progress in one consumer, then - a llist_del_first, llist_add,

Is the "-" expected in this sentence ?

Other than that,

Acked-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>

> + * llist_add (or llist_del_all, llist_add, llist_add) sequence in another
> + * consumer may cause violations.
> + *
> + * This can be summarized as follows:
>  *
>  *           |   add    | del_first |  del_all
>  * add       |    -     |     -     |     -
>  * del_first |          |     L     |     L
>  * del_all   |          |           |     -
>  *
> - * Where "-" stands for no lock is needed, while "L" stands for lock
> - * is needed.
> + * Where, a particular row's operation can happen concurrently with a column's
> + * operation, with "-" being no lock needed, while "L" being lock is needed.
>  *
>  * The list entries deleted via llist_del_all can be traversed with
>  * traversing function such as llist_for_each etc.  But the list
> --
> 2.8.0.rc3.226.g39d4020

-- 
Mathieu Desnoyers
EfficiOS Inc.
http://www.efficios.com