[tip:core/debug] debug lockups: Improve lockup detection

tip-bot for Ingo Molnar
2009-08-02T13:10:18Z

Commit-ID: c1dc0b9c0c8979ce4d411caadff5c0d79dee58bc
Gitweb: http://git.kernel.org/tip/c1dc0b9c0c8979ce4d411caadff5c0d79dee58bc
Author: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
AuthorDate: Sun, 2 Aug 2009 11:28:21 +0200
Committer: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
CommitDate: Sun, 2 Aug 2009 13:27:17 +0200

debug lockups: Improve lockup detection

When debugging a recent lockup bug i found various deficiencies
in how our current lockup detection helpers work:

- SysRq-L is not very efficient as it uses a workqueue, hence
it cannot punch through hard lockups and cannot see through
most soft lockups either.

- The SysRq-L code depends on the NMI watchdog - which is off
by default.

- We dont print backtraces from the RCU code's built-in
'RCU state machine is stuck' debug code. This debug
code tends to be one of the first (and only) mechanisms
that show that a lockup has occured.

This patch changes the code so taht we:

- Trigger the NMI backtrace code from SysRq-L instead of using
a workqueue (which cannot punch through hard lockups)

- Trigger print-all-CPU-backtraces from the RCU lockup detection
code

Also decouple the backtrace printing code from the NMI watchdog:

- Dont use variable size cpumasks (it might not be initialized
and they are a bit more fragile anyway)

- Trigger an NMI immediately via an IPI, instead of waiting
for the NMI tick to occur. This is a lot faster and can
produce more relevant backtraces. It will also work if the
NMI watchdog is disabled.

- Dont print the 'dazed and confused' message when we print
a backtrace from the NMI

- Do a show_regs() plus a dump_stack() to get maximum info
out of the dump. Worst-case we get two stacktraces - which
is not a big deal. Sometimes, if register content is
corrupted, the precise stack walker in show_regs() wont
give us a full backtrace - in this case dump_stack() will
do it.

Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

---
arch/x86/kernel/apic/nmi.c | 18 ++++++++++++------
drivers/char/sysrq.c | 8 ++------
kernel/rcutree.c | 7 ++++++-
3 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/nmi.c b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/nmi.c
index b3025b4..1bb1ac2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/nmi.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/nmi.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
int unknown_nmi_panic;
int nmi_watchdog_enabled;

-static cpumask_var_t backtrace_mask;
+static cpumask_t backtrace_mask __read_mostly;

/* nmi_active:
* >0: the lapic NMI watchdog is active, but can be disabled
@@ -138,7 +138,6 @@ int __init check_nmi_watchdog(void)
if (!prev_nmi_count)
goto error;

- alloc_cpumask_var(&backtrace_mask, GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_ZERO);
printk(KERN_INFO "Testing NMI watchdog ... ");

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
@@ -415,14 +414,17 @@ nmi_watchdog_tick(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned reason)
}

/* We can be called before check_nmi_watchdog, hence NULL check. */
- if (backtrace_mask != NULL && cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, backtrace_mask)) {
+ if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &backtrace_mask)) {
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(lock); /* Serialise the printks */

spin_lock(&lock);
printk(KERN_WARNING "NMI backtrace for cpu %d\n", cpu);
+ show_regs(regs);
dump_stack();
spin_unlock(&lock);
- cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, backtrace_mask);
+ cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, &backtrace_mask);
+
+ rc = 1;
}

/* Could check oops_in_progress here too, but it's safer not to */
@@ -556,10 +558,14 @@ void __trigger_all_cpu_backtrace(void)
{
int i;

- cpumask_copy(backtrace_mask, cpu_online_mask);
+ cpumask_copy(&backtrace_mask, cpu_online_mask);
+
+ printk(KERN_INFO "sending NMI to all CPUs:\n");
+ apic->send_IPI_all(NMI_VECTOR);
+
/* Wait for up to 10 seconds for all CPUs to do the backtrace */
for (i = 0; i < 10 * 1000; i++) {
- if (cpumask_empty(backtrace_mask))
+ if (cpumask_empty(&backtrace_mask))
break;
mdelay(1);
}
diff --git a/drivers/char/sysrq.c b/drivers/char/sysrq.c
index 5d7a02f..165f307 100644
--- a/drivers/char/sysrq.c
+++ b/drivers/char/sysrq.c
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
#include <linux/sysrq.h>
#include <linux/kbd_kern.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
+#include <linux/nmi.h>
#include <linux/quotaops.h>
#include <linux/perf_counter.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
@@ -222,12 +223,7 @@ static DECLARE_WORK(sysrq_showallcpus, sysrq_showregs_othercpus);

static void sysrq_handle_showallcpus(int key, struct tty_struct *tty)
{
- struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs();
- if (regs) {
- printk(KERN_INFO "CPU%d:\n", smp_processor_id());
- show_regs(regs);
- }
- schedule_work(&sysrq_showallcpus);
+ trigger_all_cpu_backtrace();
}

static struct sysrq_key_op sysrq_showallcpus_op = {
diff --git a/kernel/rcutree.c b/kernel/rcutree.c
index 7717b95..9c5fa9f 100644
--- a/kernel/rcutree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcutree.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/nmi.h>
#include <asm/atomic.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
@@ -469,6 +470,8 @@ static void print_other_cpu_stall(struct rcu_state *rsp)
}
printk(" (detected by %d, t=%ld jiffies)\n",
smp_processor_id(), (long)(jiffies - rsp->gp_start));
+ trigger_all_cpu_backtrace();
+
force_quiescent_state(rsp, 0); /* Kick them all. */
}

@@ -479,12 +482,14 @@ static void print_cpu_stall(struct rcu_state *rsp)

printk(KERN_ERR "INFO: RCU detected CPU %d stall (t=%lu jiffies)\n",
smp_processor_id(), jiffies - rsp->gp_start);
- dump_stack();
+ trigger_all_cpu_backtrace();
+
spin_lock_irqsave(&rnp->lock, flags);
if ((long)(jiffies - rsp->jiffies_stall) >= 0)
rsp->jiffies_stall =
jiffies + RCU_SECONDS_TILL_STALL_RECHECK;
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
+
set_need_resched(); /* kick ourselves to get things going. */
}