[PATCH 07/16] sched: Favour moving tasks towards the preferred node

Mel Gorman
2013-07-11T09:47:13Z

This patch favours moving tasks towards the preferred NUMA node when it
has just been selected. Ideally this is self-reinforcing as the longer
the task runs on that node, the more faults it should incur causing
task_numa_placement to keep the task running on that node. In reality a
big weakness is that the nodes CPUs can be overloaded and it would be more
efficient to queue tasks on an idle node and migrate to the new node. This
would require additional smarts in the balancer so for now the balancer
will simply prefer to place the task on the preferred node for a PTE scans
which is controlled by the numa_balancing_settle_count sysctl. Once the
settle_count number of scans has complete the schedule is free to place
the task on an alternative node if the load is imbalanced.

[srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com: Fixed statistics]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt | 8 +++++-
include/linux/sched.h | 1 +
kernel/sched/core.c | 3 ++-
kernel/sched/fair.c | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
kernel/sysctl.c | 7 +++++
5 files changed, 73 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt
index 0fe678c..246b128 100644
--- a/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt
+++ b/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt
@@ -374,7 +374,8 @@ feature should be disabled. Otherwise, if the system overhead from the
feature is too high then the rate the kernel samples for NUMA hinting
faults may be controlled by the numa_balancing_scan_period_min_ms,
numa_balancing_scan_delay_ms, numa_balancing_scan_period_reset,
-numa_balancing_scan_period_max_ms and numa_balancing_scan_size_mb sysctls.
+numa_balancing_scan_period_max_ms, numa_balancing_scan_size_mb and
+numa_balancing_settle_count sysctls.

==============================================================

@@ -418,6 +419,11 @@ scanned for a given scan.
numa_balancing_scan_period_reset is a blunt instrument that controls how
often a tasks scan delay is reset to detect sudden changes in task behaviour.

+numa_balancing_settle_count is how many scan periods must complete before
+the schedule balancer stops pushing the task towards a preferred node. This
+gives the scheduler a chance to place the task on an alternative node if the
+preferred node is overloaded.
+
==============================================================

osrelease, ostype & version:
diff --git a/include/linux/sched.h b/include/linux/sched.h
index 42f9818..82a6136 100644
--- a/include/linux/sched.h
+++ b/include/linux/sched.h
@@ -815,6 +815,7 @@ enum cpu_idle_type {
#define SD_ASYM_PACKING 0x0800 /* Place busy groups earlier in the domain */
#define SD_PREFER_SIBLING 0x1000 /* Prefer to place tasks in a sibling domain */
#define SD_OVERLAP 0x2000 /* sched_domains of this level overlap */
+#define SD_NUMA 0x4000 /* cross-node balancing */

extern int __weak arch_sd_sibiling_asym_packing(void);

diff --git a/kernel/sched/core.c b/kernel/sched/core.c
index 0bd541c..5e02507 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/core.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/core.c
@@ -1591,7 +1591,7 @@ static void __sched_fork(struct task_struct *p)

p->node_stamp = 0ULL;
p->numa_scan_seq = p->mm ? p->mm->numa_scan_seq : 0;
- p->numa_migrate_seq = p->mm ? p->mm->numa_scan_seq - 1 : 0;
+ p->numa_migrate_seq = 0;
p->numa_scan_period = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay;
p->numa_preferred_nid = -1;
p->numa_work.next = &p->numa_work;
@@ -6141,6 +6141,7 @@ sd_numa_init(struct sched_domain_topology_level *tl, int cpu)
| 0*SD_SHARE_PKG_RESOURCES
| 1*SD_SERIALIZE
| 0*SD_PREFER_SIBLING
+ | 1*SD_NUMA
| sd_local_flags(level)
,
.last_balance = jiffies,
diff --git a/kernel/sched/fair.c b/kernel/sched/fair.c
index 8dc9ff9..5055bf9 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/fair.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/fair.c
@@ -791,6 +791,15 @@ unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_size = 256;
/* Scan @scan_size MB every @scan_period after an initial @scan_delay in ms */
unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay = 1000;

+/*
+ * Once a preferred node is selected the scheduler balancer will prefer moving
+ * a task to that node for sysctl_numa_balancing_settle_count number of PTE
+ * scans. This will give the process the chance to accumulate more faults on
+ * the preferred node but still allow the scheduler to move the task again if
+ * the nodes CPUs are overloaded.
+ */
+unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_settle_count __read_mostly = 3;
+
static void task_numa_placement(struct task_struct *p)
{
int seq, nid, max_nid = 0;
@@ -802,6 +811,7 @@ static void task_numa_placement(struct task_struct *p)
if (p->numa_scan_seq == seq)
return;
p->numa_scan_seq = seq;
+ p->numa_migrate_seq++;

/* Find the node with the highest number of faults */
for (nid = 0; nid < nr_node_ids; nid++) {
@@ -820,8 +830,10 @@ static void task_numa_placement(struct task_struct *p)
}

/* Update the tasks preferred node if necessary */
- if (max_faults && max_nid != p->numa_preferred_nid)
+ if (max_faults && max_nid != p->numa_preferred_nid) {
p->numa_preferred_nid = max_nid;
+ p->numa_migrate_seq = 0;
+ }
}

/*
@@ -3898,6 +3910,35 @@ task_hot(struct task_struct *p, u64 now, struct sched_domain *sd)
return delta < (s64)sysctl_sched_migration_cost;
}

+#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
+/* Returns true if the destination node has incurred more faults */
+static bool migrate_improves_locality(struct task_struct *p, struct lb_env *env)
+{
+ int src_nid, dst_nid;
+
+ if (!p->numa_faults || !(env->sd->flags & SD_NUMA))
+ return false;
+
+ src_nid = cpu_to_node(env->src_cpu);
+ dst_nid = cpu_to_node(env->dst_cpu);
+
+ if (src_nid == dst_nid ||
+ p->numa_migrate_seq >= sysctl_numa_balancing_settle_count)
+ return false;
+
+ if (p->numa_preferred_nid == dst_nid)
+ return true;
+
+ return false;
+}
+#else
+static inline bool migrate_improves_locality(struct task_struct *p,
+ struct lb_env *env)
+{
+ return false;
+}
+#endif
+
/*
* can_migrate_task - may task p from runqueue rq be migrated to this_cpu?
*/
@@ -3946,11 +3987,22 @@ int can_migrate_task(struct task_struct *p, struct lb_env *env)

/*
* Aggressive migration if:
- * 1) task is cache cold, or
- * 2) too many balance attempts have failed.
+ * 1) destination numa is preferred
+ * 2) task is cache cold, or
+ * 3) too many balance attempts have failed.
*/
-
tsk_cache_hot = task_hot(p, env->src_rq->clock_task, env->sd);
+
+ if (migrate_improves_locality(p, env)) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
+ if (tsk_cache_hot) {
+ schedstat_inc(env->sd, lb_hot_gained[env->idle]);
+ schedstat_inc(p, se.statistics.nr_forced_migrations);
+ }
+#endif
+ return 1;
+ }
+
if (!tsk_cache_hot ||
env->sd->nr_balance_failed > env->sd->cache_nice_tries) {
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c
index afc1dc6..263486f 100644
--- a/kernel/sysctl.c
+++ b/kernel/sysctl.c
@@ -393,6 +393,13 @@ static struct ctl_table kern_table[] = {
.mode = 0644,
.proc_handler = proc_dointvec,
},
+ {
+ .procname = "numa_balancing_settle_count",
+ .data = &sysctl_numa_balancing_settle_count,
+ .maxlen = sizeof(unsigned int),
+ .mode = 0644,
+ .proc_handler = proc_dointvec,
+ },
#endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
#endif /* CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG */
{
--
1.8.1.4