Re: [PATCH v11 1/7] mm: support madvise(MADV_FREE)

Minchan Kim
2014-07-09T00:06:40Z

On Tue, Jul 08, 2014 at 12:41:14PM +0300, Kirill A. Shutemov wrote:
> On Tue, Jul 08, 2014 at 03:03:38PM +0900, Minchan Kim wrote:
> > Linux doesn't have an ability to free pages lazy while other OS
> > already have been supported that named by madvise(MADV_FREE).
> >
> > The gain is clear that kernel can discard freed pages rather than
> > swapping out or OOM if memory pressure happens.
> >
> > Without memory pressure, freed pages would be reused by userspace
> > without another additional overhead(ex, page fault + allocation
> > + zeroing).
> >
> > How to work is following as.
> >
> > When madvise syscall is called, VM clears dirty bit of ptes of
> > the range. If memory pressure happens, VM checks dirty bit of
> > page table and if it found still "clean", it means it's a
> > "lazyfree pages" so VM could discard the page instead of swapping out.
> > Once there was store operation for the page before VM peek a page
> > to reclaim, dirty bit is set so VM can swap out the page instead of
> > discarding.
> >
> > Firstly, heavy users would be general allocators(ex, jemalloc,
> > tcmalloc and hope glibc supports it) and jemalloc/tcmalloc already
> > have supported the feature for other OS(ex, FreeBSD)
> >
> > barrios@blaptop:~/benchmark/ebizzy$ lscpu
> > Architecture: x86_64
> > CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
> > Byte Order: Little Endian
> > CPU(s): 4
> > On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3
> > Thread(s) per core: 2
> > Core(s) per socket: 2
> > Socket(s): 1
> > NUMA node(s): 1
> > Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
> > CPU family: 6
> > Model: 42
> > Stepping: 7
> > CPU MHz: 2801.000
> > BogoMIPS: 5581.64
> > Virtualization: VT-x
> > L1d cache: 32K
> > L1i cache: 32K
> > L2 cache: 256K
> > L3 cache: 4096K
> > NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3
> >
> > ebizzy benchmark(./ebizzy -S 10 -n 512)
> >
> > vanilla-jemalloc MADV_free-jemalloc
> >
> > 1 thread
> > records: 10 records: 10
> > avg: 7682.10 avg: 15306.10
> > std: 62.35(0.81%) std: 347.99(2.27%)
> > max: 7770.00 max: 15622.00
> > min: 7598.00 min: 14772.00
> >
> > 2 thread
> > records: 10 records: 10
> > avg: 12747.50 avg: 24171.00
> > std: 792.06(6.21%) std: 895.18(3.70%)
> > max: 13337.00 max: 26023.00
> > min: 10535.00 min: 23152.00
> >
> > 4 thread
> > records: 10 records: 10
> > avg: 16474.60 avg: 33717.90
> > std: 1496.45(9.08%) std: 2008.97(5.96%)
> > max: 17877.00 max: 35958.00
> > min: 12224.00 min: 29565.00
> >
> > 8 thread
> > records: 10 records: 10
> > avg: 16778.50 avg: 33308.10
> > std: 825.53(4.92%) std: 1668.30(5.01%)
> > max: 17543.00 max: 36010.00
> > min: 14576.00 min: 29577.00
> >
> > 16 thread
> > records: 10 records: 10
> > avg: 20614.40 avg: 35516.30
> > std: 602.95(2.92%) std: 1283.65(3.61%)
> > max: 21753.00 max: 37178.00
> > min: 19605.00 min: 33217.00
> >
> > 32 thread
> > records: 10 records: 10
> > avg: 22771.70 avg: 36018.50
> > std: 598.94(2.63%) std: 1046.76(2.91%)
> > max: 24035.00 max: 37266.00
> > min: 22108.00 min: 34149.00
> >
> > In summary, MADV_FREE is about 2 time faster than MADV_DONTNEED.
> >
> > Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
> > Cc: Linux API <linux-api@vger.kernel.org>
> > Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
> > Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
> > Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
> > Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
> > Cc: Jason Evans <je@fb.com>
> > Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
> > Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
> > Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
> > ---
> > include/linux/rmap.h | 9 ++-
> > include/linux/vm_event_item.h | 1 +
> > include/uapi/asm-generic/mman-common.h | 1 +
> > mm/madvise.c | 135 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> > mm/rmap.c | 42 +++++++++-
> > mm/vmscan.c | 40 ++++++++--
> > mm/vmstat.c | 1 +
> > 7 files changed, 217 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
> >
>
> ...
>
> > @@ -251,6 +260,124 @@ static long madvise_willneed(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> > return 0;
> > }
> >
> > +static int madvise_free_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
> > + unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
> > +
> > +{
> > + struct madvise_free_private *fp = walk->private;
> > + struct mmu_gather *tlb = fp->tlb;
> > + struct mm_struct *mm = tlb->mm;
> > + struct vm_area_struct *vma = fp->vma;
> > + spinlock_t *ptl;
> > + pte_t *pte, ptent;
> > + struct page *page;
> > +
> > + split_huge_page_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
> > + if (pmd_trans_unstable(pmd))
> > + return 0;
> > +
> > + pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
> > + arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
> > + for (; addr != end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
> > + ptent = *pte;
> > +
> > + if (pte_none(ptent))
> > + continue;
>
> The check is redundant: all pte_none() entries are also !pte_present().

True.

>
> > +
> > + if (!pte_present(ptent))
> > + continue;
> > +
> > + page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, ptent);
> > + if (page && PageSwapCache(page)) {
> > + if (trylock_page(page)) {
> > + if (try_to_free_swap(page))
> > + ClearPageDirty(page);
> > + unlock_page(page);
> > + } else
> > + continue;
> > + }
>
> Is it safe to touch non-vm_normal entries? I would suggest to put
> if (!page)
> continue;
> instead.

That's right!

>
> > + /*
> > + * Some of architecture(ex, PPC) don't update TLB
> > + * with set_pte_at and tlb_remove_tlb_entry so for
> > + * the portability, remap the pte with old|clean
> > + * after pte clearing.
> > + */
> > + ptent = ptep_get_and_clear_full(mm, addr, pte,
> > + tlb->fullmm);
> > + ptent = pte_mkold(ptent);
> > + ptent = pte_mkclean(ptent);
> > + set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte, ptent);
> > + tlb_remove_tlb_entry(tlb, pte, addr);
> > + }
> > + arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
> > + pte_unmap_unlock(pte - 1, ptl);
> > + cond_resched();
> > + return 0;
> > +}
> > +
> > +static void madvise_free_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
> > + struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> > + unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
> > +{
> > + struct madvise_free_private fp = {
> > + .vma = vma,
> > + .tlb = tlb,
> > + };
> > +
> > + struct mm_walk free_walk = {
> > + .pmd_entry = madvise_free_pte_range,
> > + .mm = vma->vm_mm,
> > + .private = &fp,
> > + };
> > +
> > + BUG_ON(addr >= end);
> > + tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);
> > + walk_page_range(addr, end, &free_walk);
> > + tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
> > +}
> > +
> > +static int madvise_free_single_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> > + unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long end_addr)
> > +{
> > + unsigned long start, end;
> > + struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
> > + struct mmu_gather tlb;
> > +
> > + if (vma->vm_flags & (VM_LOCKED|VM_HUGETLB|VM_PFNMAP))
> > + return -EINVAL;
>
> VM_MIXEDMAP? VM_IO? Should it be whitelist instead?

Don't they work with vma->vm_file?
so, below check will filter it out.

>
> > +
> > + /* MADV_FREE works for only anon vma at the moment */
> > + if (vma->vm_file)
> > + return -EINVAL;
> > +
> > + start = max(vma->vm_start, start_addr);
> > + if (start >= vma->vm_end)
> > + return -EINVAL;
> > + end = min(vma->vm_end, end_addr);
> > + if (end <= vma->vm_start)
> > + return -EINVAL;
> > +
> > + lru_add_drain();
> > + tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, mm, start, end);
> > + update_hiwater_rss(mm);
> > +
> > + mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(mm, start, end);
> > + madvise_free_page_range(&tlb, vma, start, end);
> > + mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(mm, start, end);
> > + tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb, start, end);
> > +
> > + return 0;
> > +}
> > +
> > +static long madvise_free(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> > + struct vm_area_struct **prev,
> > + unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
> > +{
> > + *prev = vma;
> > + return madvise_free_single_vma(vma, start, end);
> > +}
> > +
> > /*
> > * Application no longer needs these pages. If the pages are dirty,
> > * it's OK to just throw them away. The app will be more careful about
> > @@ -381,6 +508,13 @@ madvise_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct **prev,
> > return madvise_remove(vma, prev, start, end);
> > case MADV_WILLNEED:
> > return madvise_willneed(vma, prev, start, end);
> > + case MADV_FREE:
> > + /*
> > + * XXX: In this implementation, MADV_FREE works like
> > + * MADV_DONTNEED on swapless system or full swap.
> > + */
> > + if (get_nr_swap_pages() > 0)
> > + return madvise_free(vma, prev, start, end);
>
> /* passthough */
>
> > case MADV_DONTNEED:
> > return madvise_dontneed(vma, prev, start, end);
> > default:
>
> ...
>
> > @@ -1186,6 +1210,19 @@ static int try_to_unmap_one(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> > swp_entry_t entry = { .val = page_private(page) };
> > pte_t swp_pte;
> >
> > + if (flags & TTU_FREE) {
> > + VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageSwapCache(page), page);
> > + if (dirty || PageDirty(page)) {
> > + set_pte_at(mm, address, pte, pteval);
> > + ret = SWAP_FAIL;
> > + goto out_unmap;
>
> Hm. Again: do we really want stop here if caller asks for
> TTU_FREE|TTU_UNMAP or should proceed?

I'd like to stop.
If it is dirty in here, it means the page have been accessed during window
between page_check_references and try_to_unmap in shrink_page_list so
the page should be cycled one more time in LRU list without swapping.

But it's not a good idea to pass TTU_FREE|TTU_UNMAP together for redability
because people can think try_to_unmap will try both.
so I will modify it.

Thanks for the review!

>
> > + } else {
> > + /* It's a freeable page by MADV_FREE */
> > + dec_mm_counter(mm, MM_ANONPAGES);
> > + goto discard;
> > + }
> > + }
> > +
> > if (PageSwapCache(page)) {
> > /*
> > * Store the swap location in the pte.
> --
> Kirill A. Shutemov
>
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--
Kind regards,
Minchan Kim