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From: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
To: Daniel Mack <daniel@zonque.org>
Cc: Steven Noonan <steven@uplinklabs.net>,
	David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>,
	Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>,
	"Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>,
	Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
	Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>,
	One Thousand Gnomes <gnomes@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
	Tom Gundersen <teg@jklm.no>, Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>,
	Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>,
	linux-kernel <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>,
	Djalal Harouni <tixxdz@opendz.org>
Subject: Re: [GIT PULL] kdbus for 4.1-rc1
Date: Fri, 24 Apr 2015 12:50:48 +0200	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20150424105047.GA24894@pd.tnic> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <553A1AE6.9060902@zonque.org>

Hi,

On Fri, Apr 24, 2015 at 12:28:54PM +0200, Daniel Mack wrote:
> Sure, for broadcasts, we have to walk the list of peers connected to the
> bus and see which one is interested in a particular message. We do that

And this "... we have to walk the list ..." right there raises the
alarm. Can this walking of elements where you know they wouldn't match
be avoided?

> by looking at the match rules of each of them, which are based on
> well-known names, IDs, notification types or bloom filters. The policy
> logic limits this further, as receivers of a broadcast must have TALK
> access to the sender.

So it sounds to me like there are characteristics which can already
prepare lists of recipients interested in some sort of message. So
would it be possible for recipients to "register" for such messages
and the sending side would simply iterate a list of solely interested
recipients?

This will definitely save you the iteration over all n connections and
would make the metadata collection probably not needed (or at least a
subset of it) because recipients will have to establish eligibility for
receiving a certain message at register time and once they're on the
list, you implicitly know why they're there.

I don't know whether that fits all use cases but it definitely does only
the *necessary* work for message transfer and not more.

> If these rules let a message pass, all the metadata that the receiving
> peer asked for (by setting a flag at connect time) is collected, unless
> it has been collected already for some other peer for the same message.
> In other words, in worst case, we collect all the metadata items exactly
> once per message.

Right.

> If none of the connections with permissive match/policy rules for a
> message is interested in any metadata items, nothing will be collected
> at all.

But we still iterate through there and look at the arg @what and
->collected. And this is useless work which can be avoided IMHO.

> If the receiving side doesn't need it, it shouldn't opt-in for that
> piece of information.
> 
> The metadata logic is really only there so receiving peers are directly
> supplied with information that they would otherwise look up themselves
> from /proc or something. Also, we collect metadata at send time and for
> every message intentionally, so that it reflects the state of the sender
> at the time of sending. This way, the information is not subject to
> races of asynchronous lookups.

Ok.

> > Now, one might argue that you have to do O(n) work when broadcasting
> > to n recipients anyway and you can't get that cheaper but maybe the
> > design is not optimal. Maybe it could be made to not broadcast at all,
> > or broadcast to a subset of recipients, only those which are actually
> > interested in the broadcast.
> 
> That's exactly what happens :) There are some more details on this in
> kdbus.match(7).

But this is not for KDBUS_DST_ID_BROADCAST types, right? Because there
you have to iterate over *all* recipients in the connection hash.

-- 
Regards/Gruss,
    Boris.

ECO tip #101: Trim your mails when you reply.
--

  reply	other threads:[~2015-04-24 10:51 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 360+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2015-04-13 19:03 [GIT PULL] kdbus for 4.1-rc1 Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-13 19:29 ` Eric W. Biederman
2015-04-13 19:42   ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-13 19:49     ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-13 19:54       ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-13 19:57         ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-13 20:03           ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-13 20:08             ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-13 20:22     ` Al Viro
2015-04-13 20:37       ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15  1:36       ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-15  6:54         ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-15  7:31           ` Mike Galbraith
2015-04-15 14:48             ` Michal Schmidt
2015-04-15 15:34               ` Mike Galbraith
2015-04-15 16:42               ` Mike Galbraith
2015-04-17 16:53               ` Mike Galbraith
2015-04-15  8:48           ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15  9:00             ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-15  9:20               ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15  9:21                 ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-15  9:27                   ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15  9:30                     ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-15  9:49                       ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15  9:53                         ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-15  9:44                     ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-15 11:40                       ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 13:03                         ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-15 15:41                         ` Steven Rostedt
2015-04-15 16:40                           ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 16:48                             ` Jiri Kosina
2015-04-15 17:33                               ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 18:06                                 ` Steven Rostedt
2015-04-16  8:43                                 ` Jiri Kosina
2015-04-15 17:20                             ` Steven Rostedt
2015-04-15 17:41                               ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-15 17:55                               ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 21:55                                 ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-15 18:12                               ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 19:04                         ` Martin Steigerwald
2015-04-15  9:28                 ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-15 11:25             ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-15 13:20               ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-15 15:45               ` Steven Rostedt
2015-04-15 15:46                 ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-15 16:35                 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 17:06                   ` Steven Rostedt
2015-04-15 17:31                     ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 18:04                       ` Steven Rostedt
2015-04-15 21:56                       ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-15 22:11                         ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-15 22:18                           ` Al Viro
2015-04-15 22:28                             ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-15 22:48                               ` Al Viro
2015-04-15 22:54                                 ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-15 23:27                                   ` Al Viro
2015-04-16  0:47                                     ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-16  1:04                                       ` Al Viro
2015-04-16  5:53                                         ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-15 22:56                                 ` Eric Dumazet
2015-04-16 10:31                           ` Daniel Mack
2015-04-16 12:02                             ` Tom Gundersen
2015-04-16 12:15                               ` Olaf Hering
2015-04-16 12:43                                 ` Harald Hoyer
2015-04-21 16:36                               ` Eric W. Biederman
2015-04-21 19:38                                 ` Matthew Garrett
2015-04-21 19:55                                   ` Austin S Hemmelgarn
2015-04-15  8:18         ` Martin Steigerwald
2015-04-15  8:32           ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15  8:52             ` Martin Steigerwald
2015-04-15  9:02               ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15  9:28                 ` Martin Steigerwald
2015-04-15 11:52                   ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15  8:29         ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-14  0:19   ` Eric W. Biederman
2015-04-14  0:34     ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-14 17:55     ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-21 21:06       ` Issues with capability bits and meta-data in kdbus Eric W. Biederman
2015-04-22  1:30         ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-22  1:54           ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-22  2:32             ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-22  3:19               ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-22 13:46                 ` David Herrmann
2015-04-22 11:40               ` Austin S Hemmelgarn
2015-04-22 13:07                 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-22 14:05                   ` Austin S Hemmelgarn
2015-04-22 13:27                 ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-22 14:35                   ` Michele Curti
2015-04-22 20:02                     ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-22 21:48                       ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-23  5:35                         ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-24 14:32                         ` Olaf Hering
2015-04-24 14:39                           ` Michele Curti
2015-04-24 15:02                             ` Olaf Hering
2015-04-24 15:14                               ` Michele Curti
2015-04-24 14:41                           ` Jiri Kosina
2015-04-24 15:04                             ` Olaf Hering
2015-04-24 17:52                           ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-24 18:00                             ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-23  8:38                       ` Michele Curti
2015-04-22 10:45           ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-22 11:41           ` David Herrmann
2015-04-22  8:58   ` [GIT PULL] kdbus for 4.1-rc1 Borislav Petkov
2015-04-23 19:14     ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-23 20:56       ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-23 21:22         ` David Herrmann
2015-04-23 21:33           ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-24 14:02             ` Steven Rostedt
2015-04-23 21:41           ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-24  5:02             ` Steven Noonan
2015-04-24  9:04               ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-24 10:28                 ` Daniel Mack
2015-04-24 10:50                   ` Borislav Petkov [this message]
2015-04-24 11:26                     ` Daniel Mack
2015-04-24  6:36         ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-24  6:45           ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-24  7:27             ` Martin Steigerwald
2015-04-24  8:35             ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-13 20:13 ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-13 20:45   ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-13 21:01     ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-14 17:50       ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-14 18:57         ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-14 19:23           ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-14 19:24             ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-14 19:32               ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-14 19:40                 ` Al Viro
2015-04-14 19:48                   ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-14 19:53                     ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-15  8:44                       ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15  8:54                         ` Jiri Kosina
2015-04-15  9:09                           ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 12:36                             ` Al Viro
2015-04-15 13:13                               ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 16:47                             ` Steven Rostedt
2015-04-15  9:35                         ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-15 11:45                           ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-14 20:11                     ` Martin Steigerwald
2015-04-14 22:39                     ` Jiri Kosina
2015-04-15  8:38                       ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 10:37                       ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-15 11:49                         ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 12:03                           ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-15 12:41                             ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 14:06                               ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-15 16:27                                 ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-15 12:55                           ` Al Viro
2015-04-15 17:33                           ` Steven Rostedt
2015-04-15 18:11                             ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-14 19:35             ` Al Viro
2015-04-14 19:43               ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 17:59                 ` Austin S Hemmelgarn
2015-04-15 18:04                   ` Rik van Riel
2015-04-15 22:22                   ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-16 16:02                     ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-16 17:31                       ` David Herrmann
2015-04-16 20:55                         ` Al Viro
2015-04-18 11:44                           ` David Herrmann
2015-04-16 16:37                     ` Robert Schwebel
2015-04-17 13:45                       ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-21 16:54                   ` Diego Viola
2015-04-21 17:06                     ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-21 17:25                       ` Diego Viola
2015-04-14 20:14             ` John Stoffel
2015-04-14 21:51               ` Steven Rostedt
2015-04-14 22:05                 ` Jiri Kosina
2015-04-15  6:56                   ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-15  8:37                   ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 18:12                     ` James Bottomley
2015-04-16 12:13                       ` David Herrmann
2015-04-17 19:27                         ` James Bottomley
2015-04-17 20:27                           ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-17 21:45                             ` Alex Elsayed
2015-04-20 18:01                             ` James Bottomley
2015-04-21  8:09                               ` Daniel Mack
2015-04-21 18:25                                 ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-15  8:35               ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 12:00           ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 12:09             ` Jiri Kosina
2015-04-15 12:18               ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-15 12:30                 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 12:27               ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-14 22:33         ` Jiri Kosina
2015-04-15  8:56           ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 11:06             ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-15 16:00               ` Rik van Riel
2015-04-15 16:44                 ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-15 18:16                   ` Steven Rostedt
2015-04-15 18:40                     ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-15 20:22                   ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-15 20:41                     ` Al Viro
2015-04-15 21:07                     ` Rik van Riel
2015-04-16 18:03                       ` Djalal Harouni
2015-04-15 21:58                     ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-16 13:13                     ` Tom Gundersen
2015-04-16 14:34                       ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-16 15:01                         ` David Herrmann
2015-04-16 17:04                           ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-17  9:19                             ` Michal Hocko
2015-04-17 18:54                               ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-20 12:43                                 ` Michal Hocko
2015-04-20 20:03                                   ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-16 19:01                       ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-17 13:23                         ` Daniel Mack
2015-04-17 14:54                           ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-15 22:08                   ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-16 13:14                     ` Daniel Mack
2015-04-16 17:15                       ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-23 13:05 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-23 13:06   ` [PATCH] kdbus: pool: use __vfs_read() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-23 14:17   ` [GIT PULL] kdbus for 4.1-rc1 One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-23 16:36   ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-23 16:46     ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-23 17:16       ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-23 17:34         ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-23 17:42         ` Stephen Smalley
2015-04-23 19:30           ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-24  2:08             ` Karol Lewandowski
2015-04-29 21:16               ` Paul Moore
2015-04-23 17:57         ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-23 18:04           ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-23 18:56             ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-23 19:22               ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-23 19:33                 ` Greg KH
2015-04-23 20:53                   ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-23 20:51               ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-23 18:48           ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-24 13:50         ` Lukasz Skalski
2015-04-24 14:19           ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-24 14:34             ` Lukasz Skalski
2015-04-24 19:25               ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-27  8:57                 ` Lukasz Skalski
2015-04-27 17:18                   ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-27 22:29                   ` David Lang
2015-04-28 10:53                     ` Lukasz Skalski
2015-04-27 21:32           ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-27 21:40             ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-27 22:00               ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-27 22:14                 ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-28 13:44                   ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-28 14:48                     ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-28 17:18                       ` Theodore Ts'o
2015-04-28 20:25                         ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-28 23:12                           ` John Stoffel
2015-04-29  0:45                             ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-29 11:33                             ` Harald Hoyer
2015-04-29 12:47                             ` Harald Hoyer
2015-04-29 13:33                               ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-29 13:38                                 ` Harald Hoyer
2015-04-29 13:46                                   ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-29 14:01                                     ` Harald Hoyer
2015-04-29 14:04                                       ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-29 14:11                                         ` Harald Hoyer
2015-04-29 14:18                                           ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-29 14:53                                             ` Harald Hoyer
2015-04-29 14:58                                               ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-29 15:03                                               ` Theodore Ts'o
2015-04-29 15:21                                                 ` Austin S Hemmelgarn
2015-04-30  9:05                                                   ` Łukasz Stelmach
2015-04-30  9:12                                                     ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-30 10:19                                                       ` Łukasz Stelmach
2015-04-30 10:40                                                         ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-30 12:16                                                           ` Łukasz Stelmach
2015-04-30 12:23                                                             ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-30 12:40                                                               ` Łukasz Stelmach
2015-04-30 12:45                                                                 ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-30 14:52                                                                   ` Łukasz Stelmach
2015-04-30 15:05                                                                     ` Richard Weinberger
2015-07-03  9:13                                                                     ` cee1
2015-04-29 16:25                                                 ` Martin Steigerwald
2015-04-29 14:46                                           ` Austin S Hemmelgarn
2015-04-29 14:51                                             ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-29 15:07                                             ` Harald Hoyer
2015-04-29 15:17                                               ` Austin S Hemmelgarn
2015-04-29 15:22                                                 ` Harald Hoyer
2015-04-29 15:41                                                   ` Austin S Hemmelgarn
2015-04-29 18:28                                                   ` Martin Steigerwald
2015-04-29 16:26                                   ` John Stoffel
2015-04-29 17:39                                     ` Steven Rostedt
2015-04-29 19:10                                       ` Martin Steigerwald
2015-04-29 19:28                                       ` John Stoffel
2015-04-29 22:49                                     ` Theodore Ts'o
2015-04-30  0:05                                       ` David Lang
2015-04-30  0:15                                         ` Dave Airlie
2015-04-30  0:18                                           ` David Lang
2015-04-30  1:20                                             ` Dave Airlie
2015-04-29 13:35                               ` Stephen Smalley
2015-04-29 15:18                                 ` Simon McVittie
2015-04-29 17:48                                   ` Stephen Smalley
2015-04-29 15:27                               ` Martin Steigerwald
2015-04-29 16:36                                 ` David Lang
2015-04-29 18:54                               ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-29 19:30                                 ` Austin S Hemmelgarn
2015-04-29 19:42                                   ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-29 20:15                                     ` David Lang
2015-04-29 20:24                                       ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-29 20:43                                         ` David Lang
2015-04-29 20:51                                           ` David Herrmann
2015-04-30  1:42                                             ` John Stoffel
2015-04-29 22:34                                   ` John Stoffel
2015-04-30 20:14                               ` Eric W. Biederman
2015-05-01 15:49                               ` Austin S Hemmelgarn
2015-04-28 17:19                       ` David Lang
2015-04-28 19:19                         ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-28 20:34                           ` David Lang
2015-04-28 20:42                             ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-28 20:43                           ` Linus Torvalds
2015-06-22 17:33                   ` Jindrich Makovicka
2015-06-22 20:23                     ` Jiri Kosina
2015-06-22 21:24                   ` Jindřich Makovička
2015-07-07 21:40                   ` Johannes Stezenbach
2015-04-28 12:49                 ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-28 10:39             ` Lukasz Skalski
2015-04-23 18:33   ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-23 19:01     ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-23 18:57   ` Kdbus needs meaningful review (was: Re: [GIT PULL] kdbus for 4.1-rc1) Eric W. Biederman
  -- strict thread matches above, loose matches on Subject: below --
2015-04-15 18:18 [GIT PULL] kdbus for 4.1-rc1 Linus Torvalds
2015-04-15 18:28 ` Linus Torvalds
2015-04-15 18:37   ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 22:16   ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-15 18:37 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-15 22:26 ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-16 18:20 ` David Herrmann
2015-04-20 20:43   ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-20 20:56     ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-20 21:16       ` Richard Weinberger
2015-04-20 21:46         ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-20 22:06           ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-21  7:38             ` Johannes Stezenbach
2015-04-21  9:35             ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-21 10:17               ` David Herrmann
2015-04-21 12:20                 ` Michal Hocko
2015-04-21 14:01                   ` David Herrmann
2015-04-21 14:27                     ` Michal Hocko
2015-04-21 14:47                       ` David Herrmann
2015-04-21 18:11                       ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-22 14:57                         ` Michal Hocko
2015-04-22 19:36                           ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-27 12:46                             ` Michal Hocko
2015-04-27 20:11                               ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-29 17:24                                 ` Michal Hocko
2015-04-21 10:51               ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-21 11:03                 ` Jiri Kosina
2015-04-21 12:56                   ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-21 10:31             ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-21 10:53               ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-21 11:09                 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-21 11:39                   ` Borislav Petkov
2015-04-21 13:18               ` Olivier Galibert
2015-04-21 13:48                 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2015-04-21 15:53                   ` One Thousand Gnomes
2015-04-21 18:18               ` Andy Lutomirski
2015-04-21  8:18           ` Richard Cochran
2015-04-21  9:07         ` Johannes Stezenbach
2015-04-21 13:37           ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-22  1:51             ` Bernd Petrovitsch
2015-04-22  3:11               ` Havoc Pennington
2015-04-22 13:09             ` Johannes Stezenbach
2015-04-20 20:26 George Spelvin
2015-04-21 12:08 ` Austin S Hemmelgarn

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