Re: [PATCH 1/2] sched: Introduce rcuwait machinery

[Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>]

On Fri, 23 Dec 2016, kbuild test robot wrote:
>>> kernel/exit.c:285:29: warning: 'struct rcuwait' declared inside parameter list will not be visible outside of this definition or declaration
>    void rcuwait_trywake(struct rcuwait *w)
>                                ^~~~~~~

Ah, I'm missing an linux/rcuwait.h include there. Here's v2, thanks.

-----8<--------------------------------------------
From: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Subject: [PATCH v2 1/2] sched: Introduce rcuwait machinery

rcuwait provides support for (single) rcu-safe task wait/wake functionality,
with the caveat that it must not be called after exit_notify(), such that
we avoid racing with rcu delayed_put_task_struct callbacks, task_struct
being rcu unaware in this context -- for which we similarly have
task_rcu_dereference() magic, but with different return semantics, which
can conflict with the wakeup side.

The interfaces are quite straightforward:

rcuwait_wait_event()
rcuwait_trywake()

More details are in the comments, but it's perhaps worth mentioning at least,
that users must provide proper serialization when waiting on a condition, and
avoid corrupting a concurrent waiter. Also care must be taken between the task
and the condition for when calling the wakeup -- we cannot miss wakeups. When
porting users, this is for example, a given when using waitqueues in that
everything is done under the q->lock.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
---
 include/linux/rcuwait.h | 63 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 kernel/exit.c           | 30 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 93 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 include/linux/rcuwait.h

diff --git a/include/linux/rcuwait.h b/include/linux/rcuwait.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3e07beb14c1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/rcuwait.h
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#ifndef _LINUX_RCUWAIT_H_
+#define _LINUX_RCUWAIT_H_
+
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
+
+/*
+ * rcuwait provides a way of blocking and waking up a single
+ * task in an rcu-safe manner; where it is forbidden to use
+ * after exit_notify(). task_struct is not properly rcu protected,
+ * unless dealing with rcu-aware lists, ie: find_task_by_*().
+ *
+ * Alternatively we have task_rcu_dereference(), but the return
+ * semantics have different implications which would break the
+ * wakeup side. The only time @task is non-nil is when a user is
+ * blocked (or checking if it needs to) on a condition, and reset
+ * as soon as we know that the condition has succeeded and are
+ * awoken.
+ */
+struct rcuwait {
+	struct task_struct *task;
+};
+
+#define __RCUWAIT_INITIALIZER(name)		\
+	{ .task = NULL, }
+
+static inline void rcuwait_init(struct rcuwait *w)
+{
+	w->task = NULL;
+}
+
+extern void rcuwait_trywake(struct rcuwait *w);
+
+/*
+ * The caller is responsible for locking around rcuwait_wait_event(),
+ * such that writes to @task are properly serialized.
+ */
+#define rcuwait_wait_event(w, condition)				\
+({									\
+	/*								\
+	 * Complain if we are called after do_exit()/exit_notify(),     \
+	 * as we cannot rely on the rcu critical region for the		\
+	 * wakeup side.							\
+	 */                                                             \
+	WARN_ON(current->exit_state);                                   \
+									\
+	rcu_assign_pointer((w)->task, current);				\
+	for (;;) {							\
+		/*							\
+		 * Implicit barrier (A) pairs with (B) in		\
+		 * rcuwait_trywake().					\
+		 */							\
+		set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);		\
+		if (condition)						\
+			break;						\
+									\
+		schedule();						\
+	}								\
+									\
+	WRITE_ONCE((w)->task, NULL);					\
+	__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);				\
+})
+
+#endif /* _LINUX_RCUWAIT_H_ */
diff --git a/kernel/exit.c b/kernel/exit.c
index 8f14b866f9f6..e579b30a35a7 100644
--- a/kernel/exit.c
+++ b/kernel/exit.c
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
 #include <linux/shm.h>
 #include <linux/kcov.h>
 #include <linux/random.h>
+#include <linux/rcuwait.h>
 
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/unistd.h>
@@ -282,6 +283,35 @@ struct task_struct *task_rcu_dereference(struct task_struct **ptask)
 	return task;
 }
 
+void rcuwait_trywake(struct rcuwait *w)
+{
+	struct task_struct *task;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+
+	/*
+	 * Order condition vs @task, such that everything prior to the load
+	 * of @task is visible. This is the condition as to why the user called
+	 * rcuwait_trywake() in the first place. Pairs with set_current_state()
+	 * barrier (A) in rcuwait_wait_event().
+	 *
+	 *    WAIT                WAKE
+	 *    [S] tsk = current	  [S] cond = true
+	 *        MB (A)	      MB (B)
+	 *    [L] cond		  [L] tsk
+	 */
+	smp_rmb(); /* (B) */
+
+	/*
+	 * Avoid using task_rcu_dereference() magic as long as we are careful,
+	 * see comment in rcuwait_wait_event() regarding ->exit_state.
+	 */
+	task = rcu_dereference(w->task);
+	if (task)
+		wake_up_process(task);
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+}
+
 struct task_struct *try_get_task_struct(struct task_struct **ptask)
 {
 	struct task_struct *task;
-- 
2.6.6