[RFC PATCH 1/4] asm-generic/barrier: add generic nospec helpers

Mark Rutland
2018-01-03T22:39:23Z

Under speculation, CPUs may mis-predict branches in bounds checks. Thus,
memory accesses under a bounds check may be speculated even if the
bounds check fails, providing a primitive for building a side channel.

This patch adds helpers which can be used to inhibit the use of
out-of-bounds pointers and/or valeus read from these under speculation.

A generic implementation is provided for compatibility, but does not
guarantee safety under speculation. Architectures are expected to
override these helpers as necessary.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
---
include/asm-generic/barrier.h | 76 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1 file changed, 76 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/asm-generic/barrier.h b/include/asm-generic/barrier.h
index fe297b599b0a..5eba6ae0c34e 100644
--- a/include/asm-generic/barrier.h
+++ b/include/asm-generic/barrier.h
@@ -54,6 +54,82 @@
#define read_barrier_depends() do { } while (0)
#endif

+/**
+ * nospec_ptr() - Ensure a pointer is bounded, even under speculation.
+ *
+ * @ptr: the pointer to test
+ * @lo: the lower valid bound for @ptr, inclusive
+ * @hi: the upper valid bound for @ptr, exclusive
+ *
+ * If @ptr falls in the interval [@lo, @i), returns @ptr, otherwise returns
+ * NULL.
+ *
+ * Architectures should override this to ensure that ptr falls in the [lo, hi)
+ * interval both under architectural execution and under speculation,
+ * preventing propagation of an out-of-bounds pointer to code which is
+ * speculatively executed.
+ */
+#ifndef nospec_ptr
+#define nospec_ptr(ptr, lo, hi) \
+({ \
+ typeof (ptr) __ptr = (ptr); \
+ typeof (ptr) __lo = (lo); \
+ typeof (ptr) __hi = (hi); \
+ \
+ (__lo <= __ptr && __ptr < __hi) ? __ptr : NULL; \
+})
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * nospec_load() - Load a pointer, respecting bounds under speculation
+ *
+ * @ptr: the pointer to load
+ * @lo: the lower valid bound for @ptr, inclusive
+ * @hi: the upper valid bound for @ptr, exclusive
+ *
+ * If @ptr falls in the interval [@lo, @hi), returns the value at @ptr,
+ * otherwise returns (typeof(*ptr))0.
+ *
+ * Architectures should override this to ensure that ptr falls in the [lo, hi)
+ * interval both under architectural execution and under speculation,
+ * preventing speculative out-of-bounds reads.
+ */
+#ifndef nospec_load
+#define nospec_load(ptr, lo, hi) \
+({ \
+ typeof (ptr) __ptr = (ptr); \
+ typeof (ptr) __lo = (lo); \
+ typeof (ptr) __hi = (hi); \
+ \
+ (__lo <= __ptr && __ptr <= __hi) ? \
+ *__ptr : \
+ (typeof(*__ptr))(unsigned long)0; \
+})
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * nospec_array_load - Load an array entry, respecting bounds under speculation
+ *
+ * @arr: the base of the array
+ * @idx: the index of the element to load
+ * @sz: the number of elements in the array
+ *
+ * If @idx falls in the interval [0, @sz), returns the value at @arr[@idx],
+ * otherwise returns (typeof(*ptr))0.
+ *
+ * This is a wrapper around nospec_load(), provided for convenience.
+ * Architectures should implement nospec_load() to ensure this is the case
+ * under speculation.
+ */
+#define nospec_array_load(arr, idx, sz) \
+({ \
+ typeof(*(arr)) *__arr = arr; \
+ typeof(idx) __idx = idx; \
+ typeof(sz) __sz = __sz; \
+ \
+ nospec_load(__arr + __idx, __arr, __arr + __sz); \
+})
+
#ifndef __smp_mb
#define __smp_mb() mb()
#endif
--
2.11.0