From: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: "Greg Kroah-Hartman" <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>,
stable@vger.kernel.org, "Dmitry Vyukov" <dvyukov@google.com>,
"Paolo Bonzini" <pbonzini@redhat.com>,
"Radim Krčmář" <rkrcmar@redhat.com>,
"Eric Biggers" <ebiggers3@gmail.com>,
"Wanpeng Li" <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
Subject: [PATCH 4.15 112/122] KVM: mmu: Fix overlap between public and private memslots
Date: Wed, 7 Mar 2018 11:38:44 -0800 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20180307191745.863409523@linuxfoundation.org> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20180307191729.190879024@linuxfoundation.org>
4.15-stable review patch. If anyone has any objections, please let me know.
------------------
From: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
commit b28676bb8ae4569cced423dc2a88f7cb319d5379 upstream.
Reported by syzkaller:
pte_list_remove: ffff9714eb1f8078 0->BUG
------------[ cut here ]------------
kernel BUG at arch/x86/kvm/mmu.c:1157!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
RIP: 0010:pte_list_remove+0x11b/0x120 [kvm]
Call Trace:
drop_spte+0x83/0xb0 [kvm]
mmu_page_zap_pte+0xcc/0xe0 [kvm]
kvm_mmu_prepare_zap_page+0x81/0x4a0 [kvm]
kvm_mmu_invalidate_zap_all_pages+0x159/0x220 [kvm]
kvm_arch_flush_shadow_all+0xe/0x10 [kvm]
kvm_mmu_notifier_release+0x6c/0xa0 [kvm]
? kvm_mmu_notifier_release+0x5/0xa0 [kvm]
__mmu_notifier_release+0x79/0x110
? __mmu_notifier_release+0x5/0x110
exit_mmap+0x15a/0x170
? do_exit+0x281/0xcb0
mmput+0x66/0x160
do_exit+0x2c9/0xcb0
? __context_tracking_exit.part.5+0x4a/0x150
do_group_exit+0x50/0xd0
SyS_exit_group+0x14/0x20
do_syscall_64+0x73/0x1f0
entry_SYSCALL64_slow_path+0x25/0x25
The reason is that when creates new memslot, there is no guarantee for new
memslot not overlap with private memslots. This can be triggered by the
following program:
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <setjmp.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <linux/kvm.h>
long r[16];
int main()
{
void *p = valloc(0x4000);
r[2] = open("/dev/kvm", 0);
r[3] = ioctl(r[2], KVM_CREATE_VM, 0x0ul);
uint64_t addr = 0xf000;
ioctl(r[3], KVM_SET_IDENTITY_MAP_ADDR, &addr);
r[6] = ioctl(r[3], KVM_CREATE_VCPU, 0x0ul);
ioctl(r[3], KVM_SET_TSS_ADDR, 0x0ul);
ioctl(r[6], KVM_RUN, 0);
ioctl(r[6], KVM_RUN, 0);
struct kvm_userspace_memory_region mr = {
.slot = 0,
.flags = KVM_MEM_LOG_DIRTY_PAGES,
.guest_phys_addr = 0xf000,
.memory_size = 0x4000,
.userspace_addr = (uintptr_t) p
};
ioctl(r[3], KVM_SET_USER_MEMORY_REGION, &mr);
return 0;
}
This patch fixes the bug by not adding a new memslot even if it
overlaps with private memslots.
Reported-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers3@gmail.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
---
virt/kvm/kvm_main.c | 3 +--
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
--- a/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c
+++ b/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c
@@ -974,8 +974,7 @@ int __kvm_set_memory_region(struct kvm *
/* Check for overlaps */
r = -EEXIST;
kvm_for_each_memslot(slot, __kvm_memslots(kvm, as_id)) {
- if ((slot->id >= KVM_USER_MEM_SLOTS) ||
- (slot->id == id))
+ if (slot->id == id)
continue;
if (!((base_gfn + npages <= slot->base_gfn) ||
(base_gfn >= slot->base_gfn + slot->npages)))
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2018-03-07 19:38 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 135+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2018-03-07 19:36 [PATCH 4.15 000/122] 4.15.8-stable review Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:36 ` [PATCH 4.15 001/122] vsprintf: avoid misleading "(null)" for %px Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:36 ` [PATCH 4.15 002/122] hrtimer: Ensure POSIX compliance (relative CLOCK_REALTIME hrtimers) Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:36 ` [PATCH 4.15 003/122] ipmi_si: Fix error handling of platform device Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:36 ` [PATCH 4.15 004/122] platform/x86: dell-laptop: Allocate buffer on heap rather than globally Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-08 1:14 ` Mario.Limonciello
2018-03-08 1:46 ` Greg KH
2018-03-07 19:36 ` [PATCH 4.15 005/122] powerpc/pseries: Enable RAS hotplug events later Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:36 ` [PATCH 4.15 006/122] Bluetooth: btusb: Use DMI matching for QCA reset_resume quirking Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:36 ` [PATCH 4.15 007/122] ixgbe: fix crash in build_skb Rx code path Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 008/122] tpm: st33zp24: fix potential buffer overruns caused by bit glitches on the bus Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 009/122] tpm: " Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 010/122] tpm_i2c_infineon: " Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 011/122] tpm_i2c_nuvoton: " Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 012/122] tpm_tis: " Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 013/122] ALSA: usb-audio: Add a quirck for B&W PX headphones Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 014/122] ALSA: control: Fix memory corruption risk in snd_ctl_elem_read Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 015/122] ALSA: x86: Fix missing spinlock and mutex initializations Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 016/122] ALSA: hda: Add a power_save blacklist Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 017/122] ALSA: hda - Fix pincfg at resume on Lenovo T470 dock Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 018/122] mmc: sdhci-pci: Fix S0i3 for Intel BYT-based controllers Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 019/122] mmc: dw_mmc-k3: Fix out-of-bounds access through DT alias Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 020/122] mmc: dw_mmc: Avoid accessing registers in runtime suspended state Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 021/122] mmc: dw_mmc: Factor out dw_mci_init_slot_caps Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 022/122] mmc: dw_mmc: Fix out-of-bounds access for slots caps Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 023/122] timers: Forward timer base before migrating timers Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 024/122] parisc: Use cr16 interval timers unconditionally on qemu Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 025/122] parisc: Reduce irq overhead when run in qemu Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 026/122] parisc: Fix ordering of cache and TLB flushes Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 027/122] parisc: Hide virtual kernel memory layout Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 028/122] btrfs: use proper endianness accessors for super_copy Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 029/122] block: fix the count of PGPGOUT for WRITE_SAME Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 030/122] block: kyber: fix domain token leak during requeue Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 031/122] block: pass inclusive lend parameter to truncate_inode_pages_range Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 032/122] vfio: disable filesystem-dax page pinning Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 033/122] cpufreq: s3c24xx: Fix broken s3c_cpufreq_init() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 034/122] dax: fix vma_is_fsdax() helper Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 035/122] direct-io: Fix sleep in atomic due to sync AIO Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 036/122] x86/xen: Zero MSR_IA32_SPEC_CTRL before suspend Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 037/122] x86/platform/intel-mid: Handle Intel Edison reboot correctly Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 038/122] x86/cpu_entry_area: Sync cpu_entry_area to initial_page_table Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 039/122] bridge: check brport attr show in brport_show Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 040/122] fib_semantics: Dont match route with mismatching tclassid Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 041/122] hdlc_ppp: carrier detect ok, dont turn off negotiation Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 042/122] ipv6 sit: work around bogus gcc-8 -Wrestrict warning Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 043/122] net: amd-xgbe: fix comparison to bitshift when dealing with a mask Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 044/122] net: ethernet: ti: cpsw: fix net watchdog timeout Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 045/122] net: fix race on decreasing number of TX queues Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 046/122] net: ipv4: dont allow setting net.ipv4.route.min_pmtu below 68 Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 047/122] netlink: ensure to loop over all netns in genlmsg_multicast_allns() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 048/122] net: sched: report if filter is too large to dump Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 049/122] ppp: prevent unregistered channels from connecting to PPP units Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 050/122] sctp: verify size of a new chunk in _sctp_make_chunk() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 051/122] udplite: fix partial checksum initialization Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 052/122] net/mlx5e: Fix TCP checksum in LRO buffers Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 053/122] sctp: fix dst refcnt leak in sctp_v4_get_dst Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 054/122] mlxsw: spectrum_switchdev: Check success of FDB add operation Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 055/122] net/mlx5e: Specify numa node when allocating drop rq Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 056/122] net: phy: fix phy_start to consider PHY_IGNORE_INTERRUPT Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 057/122] tcp: Honor the eor bit in tcp_mtu_probe Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 058/122] rxrpc: Fix send in rxrpc_send_data_packet() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 059/122] tcp_bbr: better deal with suboptimal GSO Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 060/122] doc: Change the min default value of tcp_wmem/tcp_rmem Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 061/122] net/mlx5e: Fix loopback self test when GRO is off Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 062/122] net_sched: gen_estimator: fix broken estimators based on percpu stats Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 063/122] net/sched: cls_u32: fix cls_u32 on filter replace Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 064/122] sctp: do not pr_err for the duplicated node in transport rhlist Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 065/122] mlxsw: spectrum_router: Fix error path in mlxsw_sp_vr_create Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 066/122] net: ipv4: Set addr_type in hash_keys for forwarded case Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:37 ` [PATCH 4.15 067/122] sctp: fix dst refcnt leak in sctp_v6_get_dst() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 068/122] bridge: Fix VLAN reference count problem Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 069/122] net/mlx5e: Verify inline header size do not exceed SKB linear size Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 070/122] tls: Use correct sk->sk_prot for IPV6 Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 071/122] amd-xgbe: Restore PCI interrupt enablement setting on resume Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 072/122] cls_u32: fix use after free in u32_destroy_key() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 073/122] mlxsw: spectrum_router: Do not unconditionally clear route offload indication Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 074/122] netlink: put module reference if dump start fails Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 075/122] tcp: purge write queue upon RST Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 076/122] tuntap: correctly add the missing XDP flush Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 077/122] tuntap: disable preemption during XDP processing Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 078/122] virtio-net: disable NAPI only when enabled during XDP set Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 079/122] cxgb4: fix trailing zero in CIM LA dump Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 080/122] net/mlx5: Fix error handling when adding flow rules Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 081/122] net: phy: Restore phy_resume() locking assumption Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 082/122] tcp: tracepoint: only call trace_tcp_send_reset with full socket Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 083/122] l2tp: dont use inet_shutdown on tunnel destroy Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 084/122] l2tp: dont use inet_shutdown on ppp session destroy Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 085/122] l2tp: fix races with tunnel socket close Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 086/122] l2tp: fix race in pppol2tp_release with session object destroy Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 087/122] l2tp: fix tunnel lookup use-after-free race Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 088/122] s390/qeth: fix underestimated count of buffer elements Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 089/122] s390/qeth: fix SETIP command handling Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 090/122] s390/qeth: fix overestimated count of buffer elements Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 091/122] s390/qeth: fix IP removal on offline cards Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 092/122] s390/qeth: fix double-free on IP add/remove race Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 093/122] Revert "s390/qeth: fix using of ref counter for rxip addresses" Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 094/122] s390/qeth: fix IP address lookup for L3 devices Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 095/122] s390/qeth: fix IPA command submission race Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 096/122] tcp: revert F-RTO middle-box workaround Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 097/122] tcp: revert F-RTO extension to detect more spurious timeouts Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 098/122] blk-mq: dont call io scheds .requeue_request when requeueing rq to ->dispatch Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 099/122] media: m88ds3103: dont call a non-initalized function Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 100/122] EDAC, sb_edac: Fix out of bound writes during DIMM configuration on KNL Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 101/122] KVM: s390: take care of clock-comparator sign control Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 102/122] KVM: s390: provide only a single function for setting the tod (fix SCK) Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 103/122] KVM: s390: consider epoch index on hotplugged CPUs Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 104/122] KVM: s390: consider epoch index on TOD clock syncs Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 105/122] nospec: Allow index argument to have const-qualified type Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 106/122] x86/mm: Fix {pmd,pud}_{set,clear}_flags() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 107/122] ARM: orion: fix orion_ge00_switch_board_info initialization Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 108/122] ARM: dts: rockchip: Remove 1.8 GHz operation point from phycore som Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 109/122] ARM: mvebu: Fix broken PL310_ERRATA_753970 selects Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 110/122] ARM: kvm: fix building with gcc-8 Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 111/122] KVM: X86: Fix SMRAM accessing even if VM is shutdown Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman [this message]
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 113/122] KVM/x86: Remove indirect MSR op calls from SPEC_CTRL Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 114/122] KVM: x86: move LAPIC initialization after VMCS creation Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 115/122] KVM/VMX: Optimize vmx_vcpu_run() and svm_vcpu_run() by marking the RDMSR path as unlikely() Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 116/122] KVM: x86: fix vcpu initialization with userspace lapic Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 117/122] KVM/x86: remove WARN_ON() for when vm_munmap() fails Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 118/122] ACPI / bus: Parse tables as term_list for Dell XPS 9570 and Precision M5530 Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 119/122] ARM: dts: LogicPD SOM-LV: Fix I2C1 pinmux Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 120/122] ARM: dts: LogicPD Torpedo: " Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 121/122] powerpc/64s/radix: Boot-time NULL pointer protection using a guard-PID Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 19:38 ` [PATCH 4.15 122/122] md: only allow remove_and_add_spares when no sync_thread running Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-07 23:56 ` [PATCH 4.15 000/122] 4.15.8-stable review Shuah Khan
2018-03-08 17:25 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-08 7:12 ` Naresh Kamboju
2018-03-08 17:27 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-08 10:35 ` Thadeu Lima de Souza Cascardo
2018-03-08 17:27 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-08 17:42 ` Thadeu Lima de Souza Cascardo
2018-03-08 17:51 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-03-08 14:48 ` Guenter Roeck
2018-03-08 17:26 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
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