[PATCH 33/57] docs: serial: convert it to ReST format

Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-16T02:57:13Z

The converted files are focused at the Kernel internal API,
so, this is a good candidate for the kernel API set of books.

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
---
Documentation/serial/README.cycladesZ | 5 +-
Documentation/serial/driver | 113 +++-
Documentation/serial/moxa-smartio | 750 +++++++++++++-----------
Documentation/serial/n_gsm.txt | 81 +--
Documentation/serial/rocket.txt | 144 +++--
Documentation/serial/serial-iso7816.txt | 21 +-
Documentation/serial/serial-rs485.txt | 22 +-
Documentation/serial/tty.txt | 111 ++--
8 files changed, 719 insertions(+), 528 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/serial/README.cycladesZ b/Documentation/serial/README.cycladesZ
index 024a69443cc2..532ff67e2f1c 100644
--- a/Documentation/serial/README.cycladesZ
+++ b/Documentation/serial/README.cycladesZ
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
+================
+Cyclades-Z notes
+================

The Cyclades-Z must have firmware loaded onto the card before it will
operate. This operation should be performed during system startup,

The firmware, loader program and the latest device driver code are
available from Cyclades at
+
ftp://ftp.cyclades.com/pub/cyclades/cyclades-z/linux/
-
diff --git a/Documentation/serial/driver b/Documentation/serial/driver
index 86e47c19a924..7fe9e8ec0cae 100644
--- a/Documentation/serial/driver
+++ b/Documentation/serial/driver
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-
- Low Level Serial API
- --------------------
+====================
+Low Level Serial API
+====================

This document is meant as a brief overview of some aspects of the new serial
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ are described in the uart_ops listing below.)
There are two locks. A per-port spinlock, and an overall semaphore.

From the core driver perspective, the port->lock locks the following
-data:
+data::

port->mctrl
port->icount
@@ -75,41 +75,51 @@ hardware.
return TIOCSER_TEMT.

Locking: none.
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.
+
This call must not sleep

set_mctrl(port, mctrl)
This function sets the modem control lines for port described
by 'port' to the state described by mctrl. The relevant bits
of mctrl are:
+
- TIOCM_RTS RTS signal.
- TIOCM_DTR DTR signal.
- TIOCM_OUT1 OUT1 signal.
- TIOCM_OUT2 OUT2 signal.
- TIOCM_LOOP Set the port into loopback mode.
+
If the appropriate bit is set, the signal should be driven
active. If the bit is clear, the signal should be driven
inactive.

Locking: port->lock taken.
+
Interrupts: locally disabled.
+
This call must not sleep

get_mctrl(port)
Returns the current state of modem control inputs. The state
of the outputs should not be returned, since the core keeps
track of their state. The state information should include:
+
- TIOCM_CAR state of DCD signal
- TIOCM_CTS state of CTS signal
- TIOCM_DSR state of DSR signal
- TIOCM_RI state of RI signal
+
The bit is set if the signal is currently driven active. If
the port does not support CTS, DCD or DSR, the driver should
indicate that the signal is permanently active. If RI is
not available, the signal should not be indicated as active.

Locking: port->lock taken.
+
Interrupts: locally disabled.
+
This call must not sleep

stop_tx(port)
@@ -121,14 +131,18 @@ hardware.
possible.

Locking: port->lock taken.
+
Interrupts: locally disabled.
+
This call must not sleep

start_tx(port)
Start transmitting characters.

Locking: port->lock taken.
+
Interrupts: locally disabled.
+
This call must not sleep

throttle(port)
@@ -138,16 +152,17 @@ hardware.
This will be called only if hardware assisted flow control is enabled.

Locking: serialized with .unthrottle() and termios modification by the
- tty layer.
+ tty layer.

unthrottle(port)
Notify the serial driver that characters can now be sent to the serial
port without fear of overrunning the input buffers of the line
disciplines.
+
This will be called only if hardware assisted flow control is enabled.

Locking: serialized with .throttle() and termios modification by the
- tty layer.
+ tty layer.

send_xchar(port,ch)
Transmit a high priority character, even if the port is stopped.
@@ -159,6 +174,7 @@ hardware.
Do not transmit if ch == '\0' (__DISABLED_CHAR).

Locking: none.
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.

stop_rx(port)
@@ -166,7 +182,9 @@ hardware.
being closed.

Locking: port->lock taken.
+
Interrupts: locally disabled.
+
This call must not sleep

enable_ms(port)
@@ -177,7 +195,9 @@ hardware.
called.

Locking: port->lock taken.
+
Interrupts: locally disabled.
+
This call must not sleep

break_ctl(port,ctl)
@@ -196,6 +216,7 @@ hardware.
This method will only be called when the port is initially opened.

Locking: port_sem taken.
+
Interrupts: globally disabled.

shutdown(port)
@@ -210,6 +231,7 @@ hardware.
this port.

Locking: port_sem taken.
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.

flush_buffer(port)
@@ -220,7 +242,9 @@ hardware.
buffer is cleared.

Locking: port->lock taken.
+
Interrupts: locally disabled.
+
This call must not sleep

set_termios(port,termios,oldtermios)
@@ -228,29 +252,46 @@ hardware.
bits. Update read_status_mask and ignore_status_mask to indicate
the types of events we are interested in receiving. Relevant
termios->c_cflag bits are:
- CSIZE - word size
- CSTOPB - 2 stop bits
- PARENB - parity enable
- PARODD - odd parity (when PARENB is in force)
- CREAD - enable reception of characters (if not set,
+
+ CSIZE
+ - word size
+ CSTOPB
+ - 2 stop bits
+ PARENB
+ - parity enable
+ PARODD
+ - odd parity (when PARENB is in force)
+ CREAD
+ - enable reception of characters (if not set,
still receive characters from the port, but
throw them away.
- CRTSCTS - if set, enable CTS status change reporting
- CLOCAL - if not set, enable modem status change
+ CRTSCTS
+ - if set, enable CTS status change reporting
+ CLOCAL
+ - if not set, enable modem status change
reporting.
+
Relevant termios->c_iflag bits are:
- INPCK - enable frame and parity error events to be
+
+ INPCK
+ - enable frame and parity error events to be
passed to the TTY layer.
- BRKINT
- PARMRK - both of these enable break events to be
+ BRKINT / PARMRK
+ - both of these enable break events to be
passed to the TTY layer.

- IGNPAR - ignore parity and framing errors
- IGNBRK - ignore break errors, If IGNPAR is also
+ IGNPAR
+ - ignore parity and framing errors
+ IGNBRK
+ - ignore break errors, If IGNPAR is also
set, ignore overrun errors as well.
+
The interaction of the iflag bits is as follows (parity error
given as an example):
+
+ =============== ======= ====== =============================
Parity error INPCK IGNPAR
+ =============== ======= ====== =============================
n/a 0 n/a character received, marked as
TTY_NORMAL
None 1 n/a character received, marked as
@@ -258,12 +299,15 @@ hardware.
Yes 1 0 character received, marked as
TTY_PARITY
Yes 1 1 character discarded
+ =============== ======= ====== =============================

Other flags may be used (eg, xon/xoff characters) if your
hardware supports hardware "soft" flow control.

Locking: caller holds tty_port->mutex
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.
+
This call must not sleep

set_ldisc(port,termios)
@@ -283,6 +327,7 @@ hardware.
will occur even if CONFIG_PM is not set.

Locking: none.
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.

type(port)
@@ -291,6 +336,7 @@ hardware.
substituted.

Locking: none.
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.

release_port(port)
@@ -298,6 +344,7 @@ hardware.
the port.

Locking: none.
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.

request_port(port)
@@ -306,6 +353,7 @@ hardware.
returns, and it should return -EBUSY on failure.

Locking: none.
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.

config_port(port,type)
@@ -321,6 +369,7 @@ hardware.
internally hard wired (eg, system on a chip implementations).

Locking: none.
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.

verify_port(port,serinfo)
@@ -328,6 +377,7 @@ hardware.
suitable for this port type.

Locking: none.
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.

ioctl(port,cmd,arg)
@@ -335,6 +385,7 @@ hardware.
using the standard numbering system found in <asm/ioctl.h>

Locking: none.
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.

poll_init(port)
@@ -343,6 +394,7 @@ hardware.
this should not request interrupts.

Locking: tty_mutex and tty_port->mutex taken.
+
Interrupts: n/a.

poll_put_char(port,ch)
@@ -350,7 +402,9 @@ hardware.
port. It can and should block until there is space in the TX FIFO.

Locking: none.
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.
+
This call must not sleep

poll_get_char(port)
@@ -359,7 +413,9 @@ hardware.
the function should return NO_POLL_CHAR immediately.

Locking: none.
+
Interrupts: caller dependent.
+
This call must not sleep

Other functions
@@ -370,6 +426,7 @@ uart_update_timeout(port,cflag,baud)
number of bits, parity, stop bits and baud rate.

Locking: caller is expected to take port->lock
+
Interrupts: n/a

uart_get_baud_rate(port,termios,old,min,max)
@@ -385,6 +442,7 @@ uart_get_baud_rate(port,termios,old,min,max)
Note: min..max must always allow 9600 baud to be selected.

Locking: caller dependent.
+
Interrupts: n/a

uart_get_divisor(port,baud)
@@ -395,6 +453,7 @@ uart_get_divisor(port,baud)
custom divisor instead.

Locking: caller dependent.
+
Interrupts: n/a

uart_match_port(port1,port2)
@@ -402,6 +461,7 @@ uart_match_port(port1,port2)
uart_port structures describe the same port.

Locking: n/a
+
Interrupts: n/a

uart_write_wakeup(port)
@@ -409,6 +469,7 @@ uart_write_wakeup(port)
characters in the transmit buffer have dropped below a threshold.

Locking: port->lock should be held.
+
Interrupts: n/a

uart_register_driver(drv)
@@ -419,6 +480,7 @@ uart_register_driver(drv)
registered using uart_add_one_port after this call has succeeded.

Locking: none
+
Interrupts: enabled

uart_unregister_driver()
@@ -427,15 +489,16 @@ uart_unregister_driver()
uart_remove_one_port() if it registered them with uart_add_one_port().

Locking: none
+
Interrupts: enabled

-uart_suspend_port()
+**uart_suspend_port()**

-uart_resume_port()
+**uart_resume_port()**

-uart_add_one_port()
+**uart_add_one_port()**

-uart_remove_one_port()
+**uart_remove_one_port()**

Other notes
-----------
@@ -444,7 +507,7 @@ It is intended some day to drop the 'unused' entries from uart_port, and
allow low level drivers to register their own individual uart_port's with
the core. This will allow drivers to use uart_port as a pointer to a
structure containing both the uart_port entry with their own extensions,
-thus:
+thus::

struct my_port {
struct uart_port port;
@@ -459,14 +522,14 @@ Some helpers are provided in order to set/get modem control lines via GPIO.
mctrl_gpio_init(port, idx):
This will get the {cts,rts,...}-gpios from device tree if they are
present and request them, set direction etc, and return an
- allocated structure. devm_* functions are used, so there's no need
+ allocated structure. `devm_*` functions are used, so there's no need
to call mctrl_gpio_free().
As this sets up the irq handling make sure to not handle changes to the
gpio input lines in your driver, too.

mctrl_gpio_free(dev, gpios):
This will free the requested gpios in mctrl_gpio_init().
- As devm_* functions are used, there's generally no need to call
+ As `devm_*` functions are used, there's generally no need to call
this function.

mctrl_gpio_to_gpiod(gpios, gidx)
diff --git a/Documentation/serial/moxa-smartio b/Documentation/serial/moxa-smartio
index 5d2a33be0bd8..156100f17c3f 100644
--- a/Documentation/serial/moxa-smartio
+++ b/Documentation/serial/moxa-smartio
@@ -1,28 +1,34 @@
-=============================================================================
- MOXA Smartio/Industio Family Device Driver Installation Guide
- for Linux Kernel 2.4.x, 2.6.x
- Copyright (C) 2008, Moxa Inc.
-=============================================================================
+=============================================================
+MOXA Smartio/Industio Family Device Driver Installation Guide
+=============================================================
+
+.. note::
+
+ This file is outdated. It needs some care in order to make it
+ updated to Kernel 5.0 and upper
+
+Copyright (C) 2008, Moxa Inc.
+
Date: 01/21/2008

-Content
+.. Content

-1. Introduction
-2. System Requirement
-3. Installation
- 3.1 Hardware installation
- 3.2 Driver files
- 3.3 Device naming convention
- 3.4 Module driver configuration
- 3.5 Static driver configuration for Linux kernel 2.4.x and 2.6.x.
- 3.6 Custom configuration
- 3.7 Verify driver installation
-4. Utilities
-5. Setserial
-6. Troubleshooting
+ 1. Introduction
+ 2. System Requirement
+ 3. Installation
+ 3.1 Hardware installation
+ 3.2 Driver files
+ 3.3 Device naming convention
+ 3.4 Module driver configuration
+ 3.5 Static driver configuration for Linux kernel 2.4.x and 2.6.x.
+ 3.6 Custom configuration
+ 3.7 Verify driver installation
+ 4. Utilities
+ 5. Setserial
+ 6. Troubleshooting

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Introduction
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The Smartio/Industio/UPCI family Linux driver supports following multiport
boards.
@@ -43,7 +49,7 @@ Content
C104H, C104HS,
CI-104J, CI-104JS,
CI-134, CI-134I, CI-134IS,
- (C114HI, CT-114I, C104P)
+ (C114HI, CT-114I, C104P),
POS-104UL,
CB-114,
CB-134I
@@ -63,13 +69,17 @@ Content
occurs, please contact Moxa at support@moxa.com.tw.

In addition to device driver, useful utilities are also provided in this
- version. They are
- - msdiag Diagnostic program for displaying installed Moxa
+ version. They are:
+
+ - msdiag
+ Diagnostic program for displaying installed Moxa
Smartio/Industio boards.
- - msmon Monitor program to observe data count and line status signals.
+ - msmon
+ Monitor program to observe data count and line status signals.
- msterm A simple terminal program which is useful in testing serial
ports.
- - io-irq.exe Configuration program to setup ISA boards. Please note that
+ - io-irq.exe
+ Configuration program to setup ISA boards. Please note that
this program can only be executed under DOS.

All the drivers and utilities are published in form of source code under
@@ -84,65 +94,63 @@ Content
please refer to hardware installation procedure in the User's Manual.

We assume the user should be familiar with following documents.
+
- Serial-HOWTO
- Kernel-HOWTO

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. System Requirement
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
- Hardware platform: Intel x86 machine
- Kernel version: 2.4.x or 2.6.x
- gcc version 2.72 or later
- Maximum 4 boards can be installed in combination

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Installation
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

- 3.1 Hardware installation
- 3.2 Driver files
- 3.3 Device naming convention
- 3.4 Module driver configuration
- 3.5 Static driver configuration for Linux kernel 2.4.x, 2.6.x.
- 3.6 Custom configuration
- 3.7 Verify driver installation
+3.1 Hardware installation
+=========================

+ There are two types of buses, ISA and PCI, for Smartio/Industio
+ family multiport board.

- 3.1 Hardware installation
+ISA board
+---------

- There are two types of buses, ISA and PCI, for Smartio/Industio
- family multiport board.
+ You'll have to configure CAP address, I/O address, Interrupt Vector
+ as well as IRQ before installing this driver. Please refer to hardware
+ installation procedure in User's Manual before proceed any further.
+ Please make sure the JP1 is open after the ISA board is set properly.

- ISA board
- ---------
- You'll have to configure CAP address, I/O address, Interrupt Vector
- as well as IRQ before installing this driver. Please refer to hardware
- installation procedure in User's Manual before proceed any further.
- Please make sure the JP1 is open after the ISA board is set properly.
+PCI/UPCI board
+--------------

- PCI/UPCI board
- --------------
- You may need to adjust IRQ usage in BIOS to avoid from IRQ conflict
- with other ISA devices. Please refer to hardware installation
- procedure in User's Manual in advance.
+ You may need to adjust IRQ usage in BIOS to avoid from IRQ conflict
+ with other ISA devices. Please refer to hardware installation
+ procedure in User's Manual in advance.

- PCI IRQ Sharing
- -----------
- Each port within the same multiport board shares the same IRQ. Up to
- 4 Moxa Smartio/Industio PCI Family multiport boards can be installed
- together on one system and they can share the same IRQ.
+PCI IRQ Sharing
+---------------

+ Each port within the same multiport board shares the same IRQ. Up to
+ 4 Moxa Smartio/Industio PCI Family multiport boards can be installed
+ together on one system and they can share the same IRQ.

- 3.2 Driver files

- The driver file may be obtained from ftp, CD-ROM or floppy disk. The
- first step, anyway, is to copy driver file "mxser.tgz" into specified
- directory. e.g. /moxa. The execute commands as below.
+3.2 Driver files
+================
+
+ The driver file may be obtained from ftp, CD-ROM or floppy disk. The
+ first step, anyway, is to copy driver file "mxser.tgz" into specified
+ directory. e.g. /moxa. The execute commands as below::

# cd /
# mkdir moxa
# cd /moxa
# tar xvf /dev/fd0

- or
+or::

# cd /
# mkdir moxa
@@ -151,278 +159,348 @@ Content
# tar xvfz mxser.tgz

- 3.3 Device naming convention
-
- You may find all the driver and utilities files in /moxa/mxser.
- Following installation procedure depends on the model you'd like to
- run the driver. If you prefer module driver, please refer to 3.4.
- If static driver is required, please refer to 3.5.
-
- Dialin and callout port
- -----------------------
- This driver remains traditional serial device properties. There are
- two special file name for each serial port. One is dial-in port
- which is named "ttyMxx". For callout port, the naming convention
- is "cumxx".
-
- Device naming when more than 2 boards installed
- -----------------------------------------------
- Naming convention for each Smartio/Industio multiport board is
- pre-defined as below.
-
- Board Num. Dial-in Port Callout port
- 1st board ttyM0 - ttyM7 cum0 - cum7
- 2nd board ttyM8 - ttyM15 cum8 - cum15
- 3rd board ttyM16 - ttyM23 cum16 - cum23
- 4th board ttyM24 - ttym31 cum24 - cum31
-
-
- !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! NOTE !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
- Under Kernel 2.6 the cum Device is Obsolete. So use ttyM*
- device instead.
- !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! NOTE !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
-
- Board sequence
- --------------
- This driver will activate ISA boards according to the parameter set
- in the driver. After all specified ISA board activated, PCI board
- will be installed in the system automatically driven.
- Therefore the board number is sorted by the CAP address of ISA boards.
- For PCI boards, their sequence will be after ISA boards and C168H/PCI
- has higher priority than C104H/PCI boards.
-
- 3.4 Module driver configuration
- Module driver is easiest way to install. If you prefer static driver
- installation, please skip this paragraph.
-
-
- ------------- Prepare to use the MOXA driver--------------------
- 3.4.1 Create tty device with correct major number
- Before using MOXA driver, your system must have the tty devices
- which are created with driver's major number. We offer one shell
- script "msmknod" to simplify the procedure.
- This step is only needed to be executed once. But you still
- need to do this procedure when:
- a. You change the driver's major number. Please refer the "3.7"
- section.
- b. Your total installed MOXA boards number is changed. Maybe you
- add/delete one MOXA board.
- c. You want to change the tty name. This needs to modify the
- shell script "msmknod"
-
- The procedure is:
- # cd /moxa/mxser/driver
- # ./msmknod
-
- This shell script will require the major number for dial-in
- device and callout device to create tty device. You also need
- to specify the total installed MOXA board number. Default major
- numbers for dial-in device and callout device are 30, 35. If
- you need to change to other number, please refer section "3.7"
- for more detailed procedure.
- Msmknod will delete any special files occupying the same device
- naming.
-
- 3.4.2 Build the MOXA driver and utilities
- Before using the MOXA driver and utilities, you need compile the
- all the source code. This step is only need to be executed once.
- But you still re-compile the source code if you modify the source
- code. For example, if you change the driver's major number (see
- "3.7" section), then you need to do this step again.
-
- Find "Makefile" in /moxa/mxser, then run
-
- # make clean; make install
-
- !!!!!!!!!! NOTE !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
- For Red Hat 9, Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS3/ES3/WS3 & Fedora Core1:
- # make clean; make installsp1
-
- For Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS4/ES4/WS4:
- # make clean; make installsp2
- !!!!!!!!!! NOTE !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
-
- The driver files "mxser.o" and utilities will be properly compiled
- and copied to system directories respectively.
-
- ------------- Load MOXA driver--------------------
- 3.4.3 Load the MOXA driver
-
- # modprobe mxser <argument>
-
- will activate the module driver. You may run "lsmod" to check
- if "mxser" is activated. If the MOXA board is ISA board, the
- <argument> is needed. Please refer to section "3.4.5" for more
- information.
-
-
- ------------- Load MOXA driver on boot --------------------
- 3.4.4 For the above description, you may manually execute
- "modprobe mxser" to activate this driver and run
- "rmmod mxser" to remove it.
- However, it's better to have a boot time configuration to
- eliminate manual operation. Boot time configuration can be
- achieved by rc file. We offer one "rc.mxser" file to simplify
- the procedure under "moxa/mxser/driver".
-
- But if you use ISA board, please modify the "modprobe ..." command
- to add the argument (see "3.4.5" section). After modifying the
- rc.mxser, please try to execute "/moxa/mxser/driver/rc.mxser"
- manually to make sure the modification is ok. If any error
- encountered, please try to modify again. If the modification is
- completed, follow the below step.
-
- Run following command for setting rc files.
-
- # cd /moxa/mxser/driver
- # cp ./rc.mxser /etc/rc.d
- # cd /etc/rc.d
-
- Check "rc.serial" is existed or not. If "rc.serial" doesn't exist,
- create it by vi, run "chmod 755 rc.serial" to change the permission.
- Add "/etc/rc.d/rc.mxser" in last line,
-
- Reboot and check if moxa.o activated by "lsmod" command.
-
- 3.4.5. If you'd like to drive Smartio/Industio ISA boards in the system,
- you'll have to add parameter to specify CAP address of given
- board while activating "mxser.o". The format for parameters are
- as follows.
-
- modprobe mxser ioaddr=0x???,0x???,0x???,0x???
- | | | |
- | | | +- 4th ISA board
- | | +------ 3rd ISA board
- | +------------ 2nd ISA board
- +------------------- 1st ISA board
-
- 3.5 Static driver configuration for Linux kernel 2.4.x and 2.6.x
-
- Note: To use static driver, you must install the linux kernel
- source package.
-
- 3.5.1 Backup the built-in driver in the kernel.
- # cd /usr/src/linux/drivers/char
- # mv mxser.c mxser.c.old
-
- For Red Hat 7.x user, you need to create link:
- # cd /usr/src
- # ln -s linux-2.4 linux
+3.3 Device naming convention
+============================
+
+ You may find all the driver and utilities files in /moxa/mxser.
+ Following installation procedure depends on the model you'd like to
+ run the driver. If you prefer module driver, please refer to 3.4.
+ If static driver is required, please refer to 3.5.
+
+Dialin and callout port
+-----------------------
+
+ This driver remains traditional serial device properties. There are
+ two special file name for each serial port. One is dial-in port
+ which is named "ttyMxx". For callout port, the naming convention
+ is "cumxx".
+
+Device naming when more than 2 boards installed
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+ Naming convention for each Smartio/Industio multiport board is
+ pre-defined as below.
+
+ ============ =============== ==============
+ Board Num. Dial-in Port Callout port
+ 1st board ttyM0 - ttyM7 cum0 - cum7
+ 2nd board ttyM8 - ttyM15 cum8 - cum15
+ 3rd board ttyM16 - ttyM23 cum16 - cum23
+ 4th board ttyM24 - ttym31 cum24 - cum31
+ ============ =============== ==============
+
+.. note::
+
+ Under Kernel 2.6 and upper, the cum Device is Obsolete. So use ttyM*
+ device instead.
+
+Board sequence
+--------------
+
+ This driver will activate ISA boards according to the parameter set
+ in the driver. After all specified ISA board activated, PCI board
+ will be installed in the system automatically driven.
+ Therefore the board number is sorted by the CAP address of ISA boards.
+ For PCI boards, their sequence will be after ISA boards and C168H/PCI
+ has higher priority than C104H/PCI boards.
+
+3.4 Module driver configuration
+===============================
+
+ Module driver is easiest way to install. If you prefer static driver
+ installation, please skip this paragraph.
+
+
+ ------------- Prepare to use the MOXA driver --------------------
+
+3.4.1 Create tty device with correct major number
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+ Before using MOXA driver, your system must have the tty devices
+ which are created with driver's major number. We offer one shell
+ script "msmknod" to simplify the procedure.
+ This step is only needed to be executed once. But you still
+ need to do this procedure when:
+
+ a. You change the driver's major number. Please refer the "3.7"
+ section.
+ b. Your total installed MOXA boards number is changed. Maybe you
+ add/delete one MOXA board.
+ c. You want to change the tty name. This needs to modify the
+ shell script "msmknod"
+
+ The procedure is::
+
+ # cd /moxa/mxser/driver
+ # ./msmknod
+
+ This shell script will require the major number for dial-in
+ device and callout device to create tty device. You also need
+ to specify the total installed MOXA board number. Default major
+ numbers for dial-in device and callout device are 30, 35. If
+ you need to change to other number, please refer section "3.7"
+ for more detailed procedure.
+ Msmknod will delete any special files occupying the same device
+ naming.
+
+3.4.2 Build the MOXA driver and utilities
+-----------------------------------------
+
+ Before using the MOXA driver and utilities, you need compile the
+ all the source code. This step is only need to be executed once.
+ But you still re-compile the source code if you modify the source
+ code. For example, if you change the driver's major number (see
+ "3.7" section), then you need to do this step again.
+
+ Find "Makefile" in /moxa/mxser, then run
+
+ # make clean; make install
+
+ ..note::
+
+ For Red Hat 9, Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS3/ES3/WS3 & Fedora Core1:
+ # make clean; make installsp1
+
+ For Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS4/ES4/WS4:
+ # make clean; make installsp2
+
+ The driver files "mxser.o" and utilities will be properly compiled
+ and copied to system directories respectively.
+
+------------- Load MOXA driver--------------------
+
+3.4.3 Load the MOXA driver
+--------------------------
+
+ ::
+
+ # modprobe mxser <argument>
+
+ will activate the module driver. You may run "lsmod" to check
+ if "mxser" is activated. If the MOXA board is ISA board, the
+ <argument> is needed. Please refer to section "3.4.5" for more
+ information.
+
+------------- Load MOXA driver on boot --------------------
+
+3.4.4 Load the mxser driver
+---------------------------
+
+
+ For the above description, you may manually execute
+ "modprobe mxser" to activate this driver and run
+ "rmmod mxser" to remove it.
+
+ However, it's better to have a boot time configuration to
+ eliminate manual operation. Boot time configuration can be
+ achieved by rc file. We offer one "rc.mxser" file to simplify
+ the procedure under "moxa/mxser/driver".
+
+ But if you use ISA board, please modify the "modprobe ..." command
+ to add the argument (see "3.4.5" section). After modifying the
+ rc.mxser, please try to execute "/moxa/mxser/driver/rc.mxser"
+ manually to make sure the modification is ok. If any error
+ encountered, please try to modify again. If the modification is
+ completed, follow the below step.
+
+ Run following command for setting rc files::
+
+ # cd /moxa/mxser/driver
+ # cp ./rc.mxser /etc/rc.d
+ # cd /etc/rc.d
+
+ Check "rc.serial" is existed or not. If "rc.serial" doesn't exist,
+ create it by vi, run "chmod 755 rc.serial" to change the permission.
+
+ Add "/etc/rc.d/rc.mxser" in last line.
+
+ Reboot and check if moxa.o activated by "lsmod" command.
+
+3.4.5. specify CAP address
+--------------------------
+
+ If you'd like to drive Smartio/Industio ISA boards in the system,
+ you'll have to add parameter to specify CAP address of given
+ board while activating "mxser.o". The format for parameters are
+ as follows.::
+
+ modprobe mxser ioaddr=0x???,0x???,0x???,0x???
+ | | | |
+ | | | +- 4th ISA board
+ | | +------ 3rd ISA board
+ | +------------ 2nd ISA board
+ +-------------------1st ISA board
+
+3.5 Static driver configuration for Linux kernel 2.4.x and 2.6.x
+================================================================
+
+ Note:
+ To use static driver, you must install the linux kernel
+ source package.
+
+3.5.1 Backup the built-in driver in the kernel
+----------------------------------------------
+
+ ::
+
+ # cd /usr/src/linux/drivers/char
+ # mv mxser.c mxser.c.old
+
+ For Red Hat 7.x user, you need to create link:
+ # cd /usr/src
+ # ln -s linux-2.4 linux
+
+3.5.2 Create link
+-----------------
+ ::

- 3.5.2 Create link
# cd /usr/src/linux/drivers/char
# ln -s /moxa/mxser/driver/mxser.c mxser.c

- 3.5.3 Add CAP address list for ISA boards. For PCI boards user,
- please skip this step.
-
- In module mode, the CAP address for ISA board is given by
- parameter. In static driver configuration, you'll have to
- assign it within driver's source code. If you will not
- install any ISA boards, you may skip to next portion.
- The instructions to modify driver source code are as
- below.
- a. # cd /moxa/mxser/driver
- # vi mxser.c
- b. Find the array mxserBoardCAP[] as below.
-
- static int mxserBoardCAP[]
- = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
-
- c. Change the address within this array using vi. For
- example, to driver 2 ISA boards with CAP address
- 0x280 and 0x180 as 1st and 2nd board. Just to change
- the source code as follows.
-
- static int mxserBoardCAP[]
- = {0x280, 0x180, 0x00, 0x00};
-
- 3.5.4 Setup kernel configuration
-
- Configure the kernel:
-
- # cd /usr/src/linux
- # make menuconfig
-
- You will go into a menu-driven system. Please select [Character
- devices][Non-standard serial port support], enable the [Moxa
- SmartIO support] driver with "[*]" for built-in (not "[M]"), then
- select [Exit] to exit this program.
-
- 3.5.5 Rebuild kernel
- The following are for Linux kernel rebuilding, for your
- reference only.
- For appropriate details, please refer to the Linux document.
-
- a. cd /usr/src/linux
- b. make clean /* take a few minutes */
- c. make dep /* take a few minutes */
- d. make bzImage /* take probably 10-20 minutes */
- e. make install /* copy boot image to correct position */
- f. Please make sure the boot kernel (vmlinuz) is in the
- correct position.
- g. If you use 'lilo' utility, you should check /etc/lilo.conf
- 'image' item specified the path which is the 'vmlinuz' path,
- or you will load wrong (or old) boot kernel image (vmlinuz).
- After checking /etc/lilo.conf, please run "lilo".
+3.5.3 Add CAP address list for ISA boards.
+------------------------------------------
+
+ For PCI boards user, please skip this step.
+
+ In module mode, the CAP address for ISA board is given by
+ parameter. In static driver configuration, you'll have to
+ assign it within driver's source code. If you will not
+ install any ISA boards, you may skip to next portion.
+ The instructions to modify driver source code are as
+ below.
+
+ a. run::
+
+ # cd /moxa/mxser/driver
+ # vi mxser.c
+
+ b. Find the array mxserBoardCAP[] as below::
+
+ static int mxserBoardCAP[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+
+ c. Change the address within this array using vi. For
+ example, to driver 2 ISA boards with CAP address
+ 0x280 and 0x180 as 1st and 2nd board. Just to change
+ the source code as follows::
+
+ static int mxserBoardCAP[] = {0x280, 0x180, 0x00, 0x00};
+
+3.5.4 Setup kernel configuration
+--------------------------------
+
+ Configure the kernel::
+
+ # cd /usr/src/linux
+ # make menuconfig
+
+ You will go into a menu-driven system. Please select [Character
+ devices][Non-standard serial port support], enable the [Moxa
+ SmartIO support] driver with "[*]" for built-in (not "[M]"), then
+ select [Exit] to exit this program.
+
+3.5.5 Rebuild kernel
+--------------------
+
+ The following are for Linux kernel rebuilding, for your
+ reference only.
+
+ For appropriate details, please refer to the Linux document:
+
+ a. Run the following commands::
+
+ cd /usr/src/linux
+ make clean # take a few minutes
+ make dep # take a few minutes
+ make bzImage # take probably 10-20 minutes
+ make install # copy boot image to correct position
+
+ f. Please make sure the boot kernel (vmlinuz) is in the
+ correct position.
+ g. If you use 'lilo' utility, you should check /etc/lilo.conf
+ 'image' item specified the path which is the 'vmlinuz' path,
+ or you will load wrong (or old) boot kernel image (vmlinuz).
+ After checking /etc/lilo.conf, please run "lilo".

Note that if the result of "make bzImage" is ERROR, then you have to
go back to Linux configuration Setup. Type "make menuconfig" in
directory /usr/src/linux.

- 3.5.6 Make tty device and special file
- # cd /moxa/mxser/driver
- # ./msmknod
+3.5.6 Make tty device and special file
+--------------------------------------
+
+ ::
+ # cd /moxa/mxser/driver
+ # ./msmknod
+
+3.5.7 Make utility
+------------------
+
+ ::

- 3.5.7 Make utility
# cd /moxa/mxser/utility
# make clean; make install

- 3.5.8 Reboot
-
-
-
- 3.6 Custom configuration
- Although this driver already provides you default configuration, you
- still can change the device name and major number. The instruction to
- change these parameters are shown as below.
-
- Change Device name
- ------------------
- If you'd like to use other device names instead of default naming
- convention, all you have to do is to modify the internal code
- within the shell script "msmknod". First, you have to open "msmknod"
- by vi. Locate each line contains "ttyM" and "cum" and change them
- to the device name you desired. "msmknod" creates the device names
- you need next time executed.
-
- Change Major number
- -------------------
- If major number 30 and 35 had been occupied, you may have to select
- 2 free major numbers for this driver. There are 3 steps to change
- major numbers.
-
- 3.6.1 Find free major numbers
- In /proc/devices, you may find all the major numbers occupied
- in the system. Please select 2 major numbers that are available.
- e.g. 40, 45.
- 3.6.2 Create special files
- Run /moxa/mxser/driver/msmknod to create special files with
- specified major numbers.
- 3.6.3 Modify driver with new major number
- Run vi to open /moxa/mxser/driver/mxser.c. Locate the line
- contains "MXSERMAJOR". Change the content as below.
+3.5.8 Reboot
+------------
+
+
+
+3.6 Custom configuration
+========================
+
+ Although this driver already provides you default configuration, you
+ still can change the device name and major number. The instruction to
+ change these parameters are shown as below.
+
+a. Change Device name
+
+ If you'd like to use other device names instead of default naming
+ convention, all you have to do is to modify the internal code
+ within the shell script "msmknod". First, you have to open "msmknod"
+ by vi. Locate each line contains "ttyM" and "cum" and change them
+ to the device name you desired. "msmknod" creates the device names
+ you need next time executed.
+
+b. Change Major number
+
+ If major number 30 and 35 had been occupied, you may have to select
+ 2 free major numbers for this driver. There are 3 steps to change
+ major numbers.
+
+3.6.1 Find free major numbers
+-----------------------------
+
+ In /proc/devices, you may find all the major numbers occupied
+ in the system. Please select 2 major numbers that are available.
+ e.g. 40, 45.
+
+3.6.2 Create special files
+--------------------------
+
+ Run /moxa/mxser/driver/msmknod to create special files with
+ specified major numbers.
+
+3.6.3 Modify driver with new major number
+-----------------------------------------
+
+ Run vi to open /moxa/mxser/driver/mxser.c. Locate the line
+ contains "MXSERMAJOR". Change the content as below::
+
#define MXSERMAJOR 40
#define MXSERCUMAJOR 45
- 3.6.4 Run "make clean; make install" in /moxa/mxser/driver.

- 3.7 Verify driver installation
- You may refer to /var/log/messages to check the latest status
- log reported by this driver whenever it's activated.
+ 3.6.4 Run "make clean; make install" in /moxa/mxser/driver.
+
+3.7 Verify driver installation
+==============================
+
+ You may refer to /var/log/messages to check the latest status
+ log reported by this driver whenever it's activated.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Utilities
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
There are 3 utilities contained in this driver. They are msdiag, msmon and
msterm. These 3 utilities are released in form of source code. They should
be compiled into executable file and copied into /usr/bin.
@@ -430,16 +508,19 @@ Content
Before using these utilities, please load driver (refer 3.4 & 3.5) and
make sure you had run the "msmknod" utility.

- msdiag - Diagnostic
- --------------------
+msdiag - Diagnostic
+===================
+
This utility provides the function to display what Moxa Smartio/Industio
board found by driver in the system.

- msmon - Port Monitoring
- -----------------------
+msmon - Port Monitoring
+=======================
+
This utility gives the user a quick view about all the MOXA ports'
activities. One can easily learn each port's total received/transmitted
(Rx/Tx) character count since the time when the monitoring is started.
+
Rx/Tx throughputs per second are also reported in interval basis (e.g.
the last 5 seconds) and in average basis (since the time the monitoring
is started). You can reset all ports' count by <HOME> key. <+> <->
@@ -447,19 +528,21 @@ Content
on the port, that cursor stay, to view the port's communication
parameters, signal status, and input/output queue.

- msterm - Terminal Emulation
- ---------------------------
+msterm - Terminal Emulation
+===========================
+
This utility provides data sending and receiving ability of all tty ports,
especially for MOXA ports. It is quite useful for testing simple
application, for example, sending AT command to a modem connected to the
port or used as a terminal for login purpose. Note that this is only a
dumb terminal emulation without handling full screen operation.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Setserial
+^^^^^^^^^^^^

Supported Setserial parameters are listed as below.

+ ============== =========================================================
uart set UART type(16450-->disable FIFO, 16550A-->enable FIFO)
close_delay set the amount of time(in 1/100 of a second) that DTR
should be kept low while being closed.
@@ -475,49 +558,58 @@ Content
application requests 38.4kb.
divisor This option set the custom division.
baud_base This option set the base baud rate.
+ ============== =========================================================

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Troubleshooting
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The boot time error messages and solutions are stated as clearly as
possible. If all the possible solutions fail, please contact our technical
support team to get more help.

- Error msg: More than 4 Moxa Smartio/Industio family boards found. Fifth board
+ Error msg:
+ More than 4 Moxa Smartio/Industio family boards found. Fifth board
and after are ignored.
+
Solution:
To avoid this problem, please unplug fifth and after board, because Moxa
driver supports up to 4 boards.

- Error msg: Request_irq fail, IRQ(?) may be conflict with another device.
+ Error msg:
+ Request_irq fail, IRQ(?) may be conflict with another device.
+
Solution:
Other PCI or ISA devices occupy the assigned IRQ. If you are not sure
which device causes the situation, please check /proc/interrupts to find
free IRQ and simply change another free IRQ for Moxa board.

- Error msg: Board #: C1xx Series(CAP=xxx) interrupt number invalid.
+ Error msg:
+ Board #: C1xx Series(CAP=xxx) interrupt number invalid.
+
Solution:
Each port within the same multiport board shares the same IRQ. Please set
one IRQ (IRQ doesn't equal to zero) for one Moxa board.

- Error msg: No interrupt vector be set for Moxa ISA board(CAP=xxx).
+ Error msg:
+ No interrupt vector be set for Moxa ISA board(CAP=xxx).
+
Solution:
Moxa ISA board needs an interrupt vector.Please refer to user's manual
"Hardware Installation" chapter to set interrupt vector.

- Error msg: Couldn't install MOXA Smartio/Industio family driver!
+ Error msg:
+ Couldn't install MOXA Smartio/Industio family driver!
+
Solution:
Load Moxa driver fail, the major number may conflict with other devices.
Please refer to previous section 3.7 to change a free major number for
Moxa driver.

- Error msg: Couldn't install MOXA Smartio/Industio family callout driver!
+ Error msg:
+ Couldn't install MOXA Smartio/Industio family callout driver!
+
Solution:
Load Moxa callout driver fail, the callout device major number may
conflict with other devices. Please refer to previous section 3.7 to
change a free callout device major number for Moxa driver.
-
-
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
diff --git a/Documentation/serial/n_gsm.txt b/Documentation/serial/n_gsm.txt
index 875361bb7cb4..f3ad9fd26408 100644
--- a/Documentation/serial/n_gsm.txt
+++ b/Documentation/serial/n_gsm.txt
@@ -1,28 +1,31 @@
-n_gsm.c GSM 0710 tty multiplexor HOWTO
-===================================================
+==============================
+GSM 0710 tty multiplexor HOWTO
+==============================

This line discipline implements the GSM 07.10 multiplexing protocol
-detailed in the following 3GPP document :
-http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/07_series/07.10/0710-720.zip
+detailed in the following 3GPP document:
+
+ http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/07_series/07.10/0710-720.zip

This document give some hints on how to use this driver with GPRS and 3G
modems connected to a physical serial port.

How to use it
-------------
-1- initialize the modem in 0710 mux mode (usually AT+CMUX= command) through
-its serial port. Depending on the modem used, you can pass more or less
-parameters to this command,
-2- switch the serial line to using the n_gsm line discipline by using
-TIOCSETD ioctl,
-3- configure the mux using GSMIOC_GETCONF / GSMIOC_SETCONF ioctl,
+1. initialize the modem in 0710 mux mode (usually AT+CMUX= command) through
+ its serial port. Depending on the modem used, you can pass more or less
+ parameters to this command,
+2. switch the serial line to using the n_gsm line discipline by using
+ TIOCSETD ioctl,
+3. configure the mux using GSMIOC_GETCONF / GSMIOC_SETCONF ioctl,

Major parts of the initialization program :
-(a good starting point is util-linux-ng/sys-utils/ldattach.c)
-#include <linux/gsmmux.h>
-#define N_GSM0710 21 /* GSM 0710 Mux */
-#define DEFAULT_SPEED B115200
-#define SERIAL_PORT /dev/ttyS0
+(a good starting point is util-linux-ng/sys-utils/ldattach.c)::
+
+ #include <linux/gsmmux.h>
+ #define N_GSM0710 21 /* GSM 0710 Mux */
+ #define DEFAULT_SPEED B115200
+ #define SERIAL_PORT /dev/ttyS0

int ldisc = N_GSM0710;
struct gsm_config c;
@@ -60,37 +63,41 @@ Major parts of the initialization program :
daemon(0,0);
pause();

-4- create the devices corresponding to the "virtual" serial ports (take care,
-each modem has its configuration and some DLC have dedicated functions,
-for example GPS), starting with minor 1 (DLC0 is reserved for the management
-of the mux)
+4. create the devices corresponding to the "virtual" serial ports (take care,
+ each modem has its configuration and some DLC have dedicated functions,
+ for example GPS), starting with minor 1 (DLC0 is reserved for the management
+ of the mux)::

-MAJOR=`cat /proc/devices |grep gsmtty | awk '{print $1}`
-for i in `seq 1 4`; do
+ MAJOR=`cat /proc/devices |grep gsmtty | awk '{print $1}`
+ for i in `seq 1 4`; do
mknod /dev/ttygsm$i c $MAJOR $i
-done
+ done

-5- use these devices as plain serial ports.
-for example, it's possible :
-- and to use gnokii to send / receive SMS on ttygsm1
-- to use ppp to establish a datalink on ttygsm2
+5. use these devices as plain serial ports.

-6- first close all virtual ports before closing the physical port.
+ for example, it's possible:

-Note that after closing the physical port the modem is still in multiplexing
-mode. This may prevent a successful re-opening of the port later. To avoid
-this situation either reset the modem if your hardware allows that or send
-a disconnect command frame manually before initializing the multiplexing mode
-for the second time. The byte sequence for the disconnect command frame is:
-0xf9, 0x03, 0xef, 0x03, 0xc3, 0x16, 0xf9.
+ - and to use gnokii to send / receive SMS on ttygsm1
+ - to use ppp to establish a datalink on ttygsm2
+
+6. first close all virtual ports before closing the physical port.
+
+ Note that after closing the physical port the modem is still in multiplexing
+ mode. This may prevent a successful re-opening of the port later. To avoid
+ this situation either reset the modem if your hardware allows that or send
+ a disconnect command frame manually before initializing the multiplexing mode
+ for the second time. The byte sequence for the disconnect command frame is::
+
+ 0xf9, 0x03, 0xef, 0x03, 0xc3, 0x16, 0xf9.

Additional Documentation
------------------------
More practical details on the protocol and how it's supported by industrial
modems can be found in the following documents :
-http://www.telit.com/module/infopool/download.php?id=616
-http://www.u-blox.com/images/downloads/Product_Docs/LEON-G100-G200-MuxImplementation_ApplicationNote_%28GSM%20G1-CS-10002%29.pdf
-http://www.sierrawireless.com/Support/Downloads/AirPrime/WMP_Series/~/media/Support_Downloads/AirPrime/Application_notes/CMUX_Feature_Application_Note-Rev004.ashx
-http://wm.sim.com/sim/News/photo/2010721161442.pdf
+
+- http://www.telit.com/module/infopool/download.php?id=616
+- http://www.u-blox.com/images/downloads/Product_Docs/LEON-G100-G200-MuxImplementation_ApplicationNote_%28GSM%20G1-CS-10002%29.pdf
+- http://www.sierrawireless.com/Support/Downloads/AirPrime/WMP_Series/~/media/Support_Downloads/AirPrime/Application_notes/CMUX_Feature_Application_Note-Rev004.ashx
+- http://wm.sim.com/sim/News/photo/2010721161442.pdf

11-03-08 - Eric Bénard - <eric@eukrea.com>
diff --git a/Documentation/serial/rocket.txt b/Documentation/serial/rocket.txt
index 60b039891057..23761eae4282 100644
--- a/Documentation/serial/rocket.txt
+++ b/Documentation/serial/rocket.txt
@@ -1,20 +1,22 @@
-Comtrol(tm) RocketPort(R)/RocketModem(TM) Series
+================================================
+Comtrol(tm) RocketPort(R)/RocketModem(TM) Series
+================================================
+
Device Driver for the Linux Operating System
+============================================

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-
-PRODUCT OVERVIEW
+Product overview
----------------

This driver provides a loadable kernel driver for the Comtrol RocketPort
-and RocketModem PCI boards. These boards provide, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32
+and RocketModem PCI boards. These boards provide, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32
high-speed serial ports or modems. This driver supports up to a combination
of four RocketPort or RocketModems boards in one machine simultaneously.
This file assumes that you are using the RocketPort driver which is
-integrated into the kernel sources.
+integrated into the kernel sources.

-The driver can also be installed as an external module using the usual
-"make;make install" routine. This external module driver, obtainable
+The driver can also be installed as an external module using the usual
+"make;make install" routine. This external module driver, obtainable
from the Comtrol website listed below, is useful for updating the driver
or installing it into kernels which do not have the driver configured
into them. Installations instructions for the external module
@@ -29,57 +31,59 @@ information on how to set the DIP switches.

You pass the I/O port to the driver using the following module parameters:

-board1 : I/O port for the first ISA board
-board2 : I/O port for the second ISA board
-board3 : I/O port for the third ISA board
-board4 : I/O port for the fourth ISA board
+board1:
+ I/O port for the first ISA board
+board2:
+ I/O port for the second ISA board
+board3:
+ I/O port for the third ISA board
+board4:
+ I/O port for the fourth ISA board

There is a set of utilities and scripts provided with the external driver
-( downloadable from http://www.comtrol.com ) that ease the configuration and
+(downloadable from http://www.comtrol.com) that ease the configuration and
setup of the ISA cards.

The RocketModem II PCI boards require firmware to be loaded into the card
before it will function. The driver has only been tested as a module for this
board.

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-
-INSTALLATION PROCEDURES
+Installation Procedures
-----------------------

-RocketPort/RocketModem PCI cards require no driver configuration, they are
+RocketPort/RocketModem PCI cards require no driver configuration, they are
automatically detected and configured.

-The RocketPort driver can be installed as a module (recommended) or built
+The RocketPort driver can be installed as a module (recommended) or built
into the kernel. This is selected, as for other drivers, through the `make config`
-command from the root of the Linux source tree during the kernel build process.
+command from the root of the Linux source tree during the kernel build process.

The RocketPort/RocketModem serial ports installed by this driver are assigned
-device major number 46, and will be named /dev/ttyRx, where x is the port number
+device major number 46, and will be named /dev/ttyRx, where x is the port number
starting at zero (ex. /dev/ttyR0, /devttyR1, ...). If you have multiple cards
installed in the system, the mapping of port names to serial ports is displayed
in the system log at /var/log/messages.

If installed as a module, the module must be loaded. This can be done
manually by entering "modprobe rocket". To have the module loaded automatically
-upon system boot, edit a /etc/modprobe.d/*.conf file and add the line
+upon system boot, edit a `/etc/modprobe.d/*.conf` file and add the line
"alias char-major-46 rocket".

In order to use the ports, their device names (nodes) must be created with mknod.
-This is only required once, the system will retain the names once created. To
-create the RocketPort/RocketModem device names, use the command
-"mknod /dev/ttyRx c 46 x" where x is the port number starting at zero. For example:
+This is only required once, the system will retain the names once created. To
+create the RocketPort/RocketModem device names, use the command
+"mknod /dev/ttyRx c 46 x" where x is the port number starting at zero.

->mknod /dev/ttyR0 c 46 0
->mknod /dev/ttyR1 c 46 1
->mknod /dev/ttyR2 c 46 2
+For example::
+
+ > mknod /dev/ttyR0 c 46 0
+ > mknod /dev/ttyR1 c 46 1
+ > mknod /dev/ttyR2 c 46 2

The Linux script MAKEDEV will create the first 16 ttyRx device names (nodes)
-for you:
+for you::

->/dev/MAKEDEV ttyR
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+ >/dev/MAKEDEV ttyR

ISA Rocketport Boards
---------------------
@@ -89,7 +93,7 @@ card before installing and using it. This is done by setting a set of DIP
switches on the Rocketport board.

-SETTING THE I/O ADDRESS
+Setting the I/O address
-----------------------

Before installing RocketPort(R) or RocketPort RA boards, you must find
@@ -130,40 +134,36 @@ the first 4 bytes of that range are used by the first board. You would
need to set the second, third, or fourth board to one of the next available
blocks such as 0x180.

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+RocketPort and RocketPort RA SW1 Settings::

-RocketPort and RocketPort RA SW1 Settings:
+ +-------------------------------+
+ | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
+ +-------+-------+---------------+
+ | Unused| Card | I/O Port Block|
+ +-------------------------------+

- +-------------------------------+
- | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
- +-------+-------+---------------+
- | Unused| Card | I/O Port Block|
- +-------------------------------+
+ DIP Switches DIP Switches
+ 7 8 6 5
+ =================== ===================
+ On On UNUSED, MUST BE ON. On On First Card <==== Default
+ On Off Second Card
+ Off On Third Card
+ Off Off Fourth Card

-DIP Switches DIP Switches
-7 8 6 5
-=================== ===================
-On On UNUSED, MUST BE ON. On On First Card <==== Default
- On Off Second Card
- Off On Third Card
- Off Off Fourth Card
+ DIP Switches I/O Address Range
+ 4 3 2 1 Used by the First Card
+ =====================================
+ On Off On Off 100-143
+ On Off Off On 140-183
+ On Off Off Off 180-1C3 <==== Default
+ Off On On Off 200-243
+ Off On Off On 240-283
+ Off On Off Off 280-2C3
+ Off Off On Off 300-343
+ Off Off Off On 340-383
+ Off Off Off Off 380-3C3

-DIP Switches I/O Address Range
-4 3 2 1 Used by the First Card
-=====================================
-On Off On Off 100-143
-On Off Off On 140-183
-On Off Off Off 180-1C3 <==== Default
-Off On On Off 200-243
-Off On Off On 240-283
-Off On Off Off 280-2C3
-Off Off On Off 300-343
-Off Off Off On 340-383
-Off Off Off Off 380-3C3
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-
-REPORTING BUGS
+Reporting Bugs
--------------

For technical support, please provide the following
@@ -171,19 +171,15 @@ information: Driver version, kernel release, distribution of
kernel, and type of board you are using. Error messages and log
printouts port configuration details are especially helpful.

-USA
- Phone: (612) 494-4100
- FAX: (612) 494-4199
- email: support@comtrol.com
+USA:
+ :Phone: (612) 494-4100
+ :FAX: (612) 494-4199
+ :email: support@comtrol.com

-Comtrol Europe
- Phone: +44 (0) 1 869 323-220
- FAX: +44 (0) 1 869 323-211
- email: support@comtrol.co.uk
+Comtrol Europe:
+ :Phone: +44 (0) 1 869 323-220
+ :FAX: +44 (0) 1 869 323-211
+ :email: support@comtrol.co.uk

Web: http://www.comtrol.com
FTP: ftp.comtrol.com
-
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-
-
diff --git a/Documentation/serial/serial-iso7816.txt b/Documentation/serial/serial-iso7816.txt
index 3193d24a2b0f..d990143de0c6 100644
--- a/Documentation/serial/serial-iso7816.txt
+++ b/Documentation/serial/serial-iso7816.txt
@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
- ISO7816 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS
+=============================
+ISO7816 Serial Communications
+=============================

-1. INTRODUCTION
+1. Introduction
+===============

ISO/IEC7816 is a series of standards specifying integrated circuit cards (ICC)
also known as smart cards.

-2. HARDWARE-RELATED CONSIDERATIONS
+2. Hardware-related considerations
+==================================

Some CPUs/UARTs (e.g., Microchip AT91) contain a built-in mode capable of
handling communication with a smart card.
@@ -15,7 +19,8 @@
available at user-level to allow switching from one mode to the other, and
vice versa.

-3. DATA STRUCTURES ALREADY AVAILABLE IN THE KERNEL
+3. Data Structures Already Available in the Kernel
+==================================================

The Linux kernel provides the serial_iso7816 structure (see [1]) to handle
ISO7816 communications. This data structure is used to set and configure
@@ -27,10 +32,11 @@
to TIOCGISO7816 and TIOCSISO7816 ioctls (see below). The iso7816_config
callback receives a pointer to struct serial_iso7816.

-4. USAGE FROM USER-LEVEL
+4. Usage from user-level
+========================

From user-level, ISO7816 configuration can be get/set using the previous
- ioctls. For instance, to set ISO7816 you can use the following code:
+ ioctls. For instance, to set ISO7816 you can use the following code::

#include <linux/serial.h>

@@ -78,6 +84,7 @@
/* Error handling. See errno. */
}

-5. REFERENCES
+5. References
+=============

[1] include/uapi/linux/serial.h
diff --git a/Documentation/serial/serial-rs485.txt b/Documentation/serial/serial-rs485.txt
index ce0c1a9b8aab..6bc824f948f9 100644
--- a/Documentation/serial/serial-rs485.txt
+++ b/Documentation/serial/serial-rs485.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
- RS485 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS
+===========================
+RS485 Serial Communications
+===========================

-1. INTRODUCTION
+1. Introduction
+===============

EIA-485, also known as TIA/EIA-485 or RS-485, is a standard defining the
electrical characteristics of drivers and receivers for use in balanced
@@ -9,7 +12,8 @@
because it can be used effectively over long distances and in electrically
noisy environments.

-2. HARDWARE-RELATED CONSIDERATIONS
+2. Hardware-related Considerations
+==================================

Some CPUs/UARTs (e.g., Atmel AT91 or 16C950 UART) contain a built-in
half-duplex mode capable of automatically controlling line direction by
@@ -22,7 +26,8 @@
available at user-level to allow switching from one mode to the other, and
vice versa.

-3. DATA STRUCTURES ALREADY AVAILABLE IN THE KERNEL
+3. Data Structures Already Available in the Kernel
+==================================================

The Linux kernel provides the serial_rs485 structure (see [1]) to handle
RS485 communications. This data structure is used to set and configure RS485
@@ -38,10 +43,11 @@
to TIOCSRS485 and TIOCGRS485 ioctls (see below). The rs485_config callback
receives a pointer to struct serial_rs485.

-4. USAGE FROM USER-LEVEL
+4. Usage from user-level
+========================

From user-level, RS485 configuration can be get/set using the previous
- ioctls. For instance, to set RS485 you can use the following code:
+ ioctls. For instance, to set RS485 you can use the following code::

#include <linux/serial.h>

@@ -89,7 +95,9 @@
/* Error handling. See errno. */
}

-5. REFERENCES
+5. References
+=============

[1] include/uapi/linux/serial.h
+
[2] Documentation/devicetree/bindings/serial/rs485.txt
diff --git a/Documentation/serial/tty.txt b/Documentation/serial/tty.txt
index b48780977a68..dd972caacf3e 100644
--- a/Documentation/serial/tty.txt
+++ b/Documentation/serial/tty.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-
- The Lockronomicon
+=================
+The Lockronomicon
+=================

Your guide to the ancient and twisted locking policies of the tty layer and
the warped logic behind them. Beware all ye who read on.
@@ -9,12 +10,12 @@ Line Discipline
---------------

Line disciplines are registered with tty_register_ldisc() passing the
-discipline number and the ldisc structure. At the point of registration the
+discipline number and the ldisc structure. At the point of registration the
discipline must be ready to use and it is possible it will get used before
the call returns success. If the call returns an error then it won't get
called. Do not re-use ldisc numbers as they are part of the userspace ABI
and writing over an existing ldisc will cause demons to eat your computer.
-After the return the ldisc data has been copied so you may free your own
+After the return the ldisc data has been copied so you may free your own
copy of the structure. You must not re-register over the top of the line
discipline even with the same data or your computer again will be eaten by
demons.
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ code manages the module counts this should not usually be a concern.

Heed this warning: the reference count field of the registered copies of the
tty_ldisc structure in the ldisc table counts the number of lines using this
-discipline. The reference count of the tty_ldisc structure within a tty
+discipline. The reference count of the tty_ldisc structure within a tty
counts the number of active users of the ldisc at this instant. In effect it
counts the number of threads of execution within an ldisc method (plus those
about to enter and exit although this detail matters not).
@@ -34,9 +35,11 @@ about to enter and exit although this detail matters not).
Line Discipline Methods
-----------------------

-TTY side interfaces:
+TTY side interfaces
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

-open() - Called when the line discipline is attached to
+======================= =======================================================
+open() Called when the line discipline is attached to
the terminal. No other call into the line
discipline for this tty will occur until it
completes successfully. Should initialize any
@@ -47,66 +50,69 @@ open() - Called when the line discipline is attached to
Returning an error will prevent the ldisc from
being attached. Can sleep.

-close() - This is called on a terminal when the line
+close() This is called on a terminal when the line
discipline is being unplugged. At the point of
execution no further users will enter the
ldisc code for this tty. Can sleep.

-hangup() - Called when the tty line is hung up.
+hangup() Called when the tty line is hung up.
The line discipline should cease I/O to the tty.
No further calls into the ldisc code will occur.
The return value is ignored. Can sleep.

-read() - (optional) A process requests reading data from
+read() (optional) A process requests reading data from
the line. Multiple read calls may occur in parallel
and the ldisc must deal with serialization issues.
If not defined, the process will receive an EIO
error. May sleep.

-write() - (optional) A process requests writing data to the
+write() (optional) A process requests writing data to the
line. Multiple write calls are serialized by the
tty layer for the ldisc. If not defined, the
process will receive an EIO error. May sleep.

-flush_buffer() - (optional) May be called at any point between
+flush_buffer() (optional) May be called at any point between
open and close, and instructs the line discipline
to empty its input buffer.

-set_termios() - (optional) Called on termios structure changes.
+set_termios() (optional) Called on termios structure changes.
The caller passes the old termios data and the
current data is in the tty. Called under the
termios semaphore so allowed to sleep. Serialized
against itself only.

-poll() - (optional) Check the status for the poll/select
+poll() (optional) Check the status for the poll/select
calls. Multiple poll calls may occur in parallel.
May sleep.

-ioctl() - (optional) Called when an ioctl is handed to the
+ioctl() (optional) Called when an ioctl is handed to the
tty layer that might be for the ldisc. Multiple
ioctl calls may occur in parallel. May sleep.

-compat_ioctl() - (optional) Called when a 32 bit ioctl is handed
+compat_ioctl() (optional) Called when a 32 bit ioctl is handed
to the tty layer that might be for the ldisc.
Multiple ioctl calls may occur in parallel.
May sleep.
+======================= =======================================================

-Driver Side Interfaces:
+Driver Side Interfaces
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

-receive_buf() - (optional) Called by the low-level driver to hand
+======================= =======================================================
+receive_buf() (optional) Called by the low-level driver to hand
a buffer of received bytes to the ldisc for
processing. The number of bytes is guaranteed not
to exceed the current value of tty->receive_room.
All bytes must be processed.

-receive_buf2() - (optional) Called by the low-level driver to hand
+receive_buf2() (optional) Called by the low-level driver to hand
a buffer of received bytes to the ldisc for
processing. Returns the number of bytes processed.

If both receive_buf() and receive_buf2() are
defined, receive_buf2() should be preferred.

-write_wakeup() - May be called at any point between open and close.
+write_wakeup() May be called at any point between open and close.
The TTY_DO_WRITE_WAKEUP flag indicates if a call
is needed but always races versus calls. Thus the
ldisc must be careful about setting order and to
@@ -117,17 +123,20 @@ write_wakeup() - May be called at any point between open and close.
is permitted to call the driver write method from
this function. In such a situation defer it.

-dcd_change() - Report to the tty line the current DCD pin status
+dcd_change() Report to the tty line the current DCD pin status
changes and the relative timestamp. The timestamp
cannot be NULL.
+======================= =======================================================

Driver Access
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Line discipline methods can call the following methods of the underlying
hardware driver through the function pointers within the tty->driver
structure:

+======================= =======================================================
write() Write a block of characters to the tty device.
Returns the number of characters accepted. The
character buffer passed to this method is already
@@ -189,13 +198,16 @@ wait_until_sent() Waits until the device has written out all of the
characters in its transmitter FIFO.

send_xchar() Send a high-priority XON/XOFF character to the device.
+======================= =======================================================

Flags
+^^^^^

Line discipline methods have access to tty->flags field containing the
following interesting flags:

+======================= =======================================================
TTY_THROTTLED Driver input is throttled. The ldisc should call
tty->driver->unthrottle() in order to resume
reception when it is ready to process more data.
@@ -212,102 +224,105 @@ TTY_OTHER_CLOSED Device is a pty and the other side has closed.

TTY_NO_WRITE_SPLIT Prevent driver from splitting up writes into
smaller chunks.
+======================= =======================================================

Locking
+^^^^^^^

Callers to the line discipline functions from the tty layer are required to
take line discipline locks. The same is true of calls from the driver side
but not yet enforced.

-Three calls are now provided
+Three calls are now provided::

ldisc = tty_ldisc_ref(tty);

takes a handle to the line discipline in the tty and returns it. If no ldisc
is currently attached or the ldisc is being closed and re-opened at this
point then NULL is returned. While this handle is held the ldisc will not
-change or go away.
+change or go away::

tty_ldisc_deref(ldisc)

Returns the ldisc reference and allows the ldisc to be closed. Returning the
reference takes away your right to call the ldisc functions until you take
-a new reference.
+a new reference::

ldisc = tty_ldisc_ref_wait(tty);

Performs the same function as tty_ldisc_ref except that it will wait for an
-ldisc change to complete and then return a reference to the new ldisc.
+ldisc change to complete and then return a reference to the new ldisc.

While these functions are slightly slower than the old code they should have
minimal impact as most receive logic uses the flip buffers and they only
need to take a reference when they push bits up through the driver.

-A caution: The ldisc->open(), ldisc->close() and driver->set_ldisc
+A caution: The ldisc->open(), ldisc->close() and driver->set_ldisc
functions are called with the ldisc unavailable. Thus tty_ldisc_ref will
fail in this situation if used within these functions. Ldisc and driver
-code calling its own functions must be careful in this case.
+code calling its own functions must be careful in this case.

Driver Interface
----------------

-open() - Called when a device is opened. May sleep
+======================= =======================================================
+open() Called when a device is opened. May sleep

-close() - Called when a device is closed. At the point of
- return from this call the driver must make no
+close() Called when a device is closed. At the point of
+ return from this call the driver must make no
further ldisc calls of any kind. May sleep

-write() - Called to write bytes to the device. May not
- sleep. May occur in parallel in special cases.
+write() Called to write bytes to the device. May not
+ sleep. May occur in parallel in special cases.
Because this includes panic paths drivers generally
shouldn't try and do clever locking here.

-put_char() - Stuff a single character onto the queue. The
+put_char() Stuff a single character onto the queue. The
driver is guaranteed following up calls to
flush_chars.

-flush_chars() - Ask the kernel to write put_char queue
+flush_chars() Ask the kernel to write put_char queue

-write_room() - Return the number of characters that can be stuffed
+write_room() Return the number of characters that can be stuffed
into the port buffers without overflow (or less).
The ldisc is responsible for being intelligent
- about multi-threading of write_room/write calls
+ about multi-threading of write_room/write calls

-ioctl() - Called when an ioctl may be for the driver
+ioctl() Called when an ioctl may be for the driver

-set_termios() - Called on termios change, serialized against
+set_termios() Called on termios change, serialized against
itself by a semaphore. May sleep.

-set_ldisc() - Notifier for discipline change. At the point this
+set_ldisc() Notifier for discipline change. At the point this
is done the discipline is not yet usable. Can now
sleep (I think)

-throttle() - Called by the ldisc to ask the driver to do flow
+throttle() Called by the ldisc to ask the driver to do flow
control. Serialization including with unthrottle
is the job of the ldisc layer.

-unthrottle() - Called by the ldisc to ask the driver to stop flow
+unthrottle() Called by the ldisc to ask the driver to stop flow
control.

-stop() - Ldisc notifier to the driver to stop output. As with
+stop() Ldisc notifier to the driver to stop output. As with
throttle the serializations with start() are down
to the ldisc layer.

-start() - Ldisc notifier to the driver to start output.
+start() Ldisc notifier to the driver to start output.

-hangup() - Ask the tty driver to cause a hangup initiated
+hangup() Ask the tty driver to cause a hangup initiated
from the host side. [Can sleep ??]

-break_ctl() - Send RS232 break. Can sleep. Can get called in
+break_ctl() Send RS232 break. Can sleep. Can get called in
parallel, driver must serialize (for now), and
with write calls.

-wait_until_sent() - Wait for characters to exit the hardware queue
+wait_until_sent() Wait for characters to exit the hardware queue
of the driver. Can sleep

-send_xchar() - Send XON/XOFF and if possible jump the queue with
+send_xchar() Send XON/XOFF and if possible jump the queue with
it in order to get fast flow control responses.
Cannot sleep ??
-
+======================= =======================================================
--
2.20.1