[PATCH 5.4 080/222] mm: memcg/slab: fix percpu slab vmstats flushing

Greg Kroah-Hartman
2020-01-22T13:20:32Z

From: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>

commit 4a87e2a25dc27131c3cce5e94421622193305638 upstream.

Currently slab percpu vmstats are flushed twice: during the memcg
offlining and just before freeing the memcg structure. Each time percpu
counters are summed, added to the atomic counterparts and propagated up
by the cgroup tree.

The second flushing is required due to how recursive vmstats are
implemented: counters are batched in percpu variables on a local level,
and once a percpu value is crossing some predefined threshold, it spills
over to atomic values on the local and each ascendant levels. It means
that without flushing some numbers cached in percpu variables will be
dropped on floor each time a cgroup is destroyed. And with uptime the
error on upper levels might become noticeable.

The first flushing aims to make counters on ancestor levels more
precise. Dying cgroups may resume in the dying state for a long time.
After kmem_cache reparenting which is performed during the offlining
slab counters of the dying cgroup don't have any chances to be updated,
because any slab operations will be performed on the parent level. It
means that the inaccuracy caused by percpu batching will not decrease up
to the final destruction of the cgroup. By the original idea flushing
slab counters during the offlining should minimize the visible
inaccuracy of slab counters on the parent level.

The problem is that percpu counters are not zeroed after the first
flushing. So every cached percpu value is summed twice. It creates a
small error (up to 32 pages per cpu, but usually less) which accumulates
on parent cgroup level. After creating and destroying of thousands of
child cgroups, slab counter on parent level can be way off the real
value.

For now, let's just stop flushing slab counters on memcg offlining. It
can't be done correctly without scheduling a work on each cpu: reading
and zeroing it during css offlining can race with an asynchronous
update, which doesn't expect values to be changed underneath.

With this change, slab counters on parent level will become eventually
consistent. Once all dying children are gone, values are correct. And
if not, the error is capped by 32 * NR_CPUS pages per dying cgroup.

It's not perfect, as slab are reparented, so any updates after the
reparenting will happen on the parent level. It means that if a slab
page was allocated, a counter on child level was bumped, then the page
was reparented and freed, the annihilation of positive and negative
counter values will not happen until the child cgroup is released. It
makes slab counters different from others, and it might want us to
implement flushing in a correct form again. But it's also a question of
performance: scheduling a work on each cpu isn't free, and it's an open
question if the benefit of having more accurate counters is worth it.

We might also consider flushing all counters on offlining, not only slab
counters.

So let's fix the main problem now: make the slab counters eventually
consistent, so at least the error won't grow with uptime (or more
precisely the number of created and destroyed cgroups). And think about
the accuracy of counters separately.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191220042728.1045881-1-guro@fb.com
Fixes: bee07b33db78 ("mm: memcontrol: flush percpu slab vmstats on kmem offlining")
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

---
include/linux/mmzone.h | 5 ++---
mm/memcontrol.c | 37 +++++++++----------------------------
2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)

--- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
+++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
@@ -215,9 +215,8 @@ enum node_stat_item {
NR_INACTIVE_FILE, /* " " " " " */
NR_ACTIVE_FILE, /* " " " " " */
NR_UNEVICTABLE, /* " " " " " */
- NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE, /* Please do not reorder this item */
- NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE, /* and this one without looking at
- * memcg_flush_percpu_vmstats() first. */
+ NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE,
+ NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE,
NR_ISOLATED_ANON, /* Temporary isolated pages from anon lru */
NR_ISOLATED_FILE, /* Temporary isolated pages from file lru */
WORKINGSET_NODES,
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -3404,49 +3404,34 @@ static u64 mem_cgroup_read_u64(struct cg
}
}

-static void memcg_flush_percpu_vmstats(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, bool slab_only)
+static void memcg_flush_percpu_vmstats(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
{
- unsigned long stat[MEMCG_NR_STAT];
+ unsigned long stat[MEMCG_NR_STAT] = {0};
struct mem_cgroup *mi;
int node, cpu, i;
- int min_idx, max_idx;
-
- if (slab_only) {
- min_idx = NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE;
- max_idx = NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE;
- } else {
- min_idx = 0;
- max_idx = MEMCG_NR_STAT;
- }
-
- for (i = min_idx; i < max_idx; i++)
- stat[i] = 0;

for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
- for (i = min_idx; i < max_idx; i++)
+ for (i = 0; i < MEMCG_NR_STAT; i++)
stat[i] += per_cpu(memcg->vmstats_percpu->stat[i], cpu);

for (mi = memcg; mi; mi = parent_mem_cgroup(mi))
- for (i = min_idx; i < max_idx; i++)
+ for (i = 0; i < MEMCG_NR_STAT; i++)
atomic_long_add(stat[i], &mi->vmstats[i]);

- if (!slab_only)
- max_idx = NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS;
-
for_each_node(node) {
struct mem_cgroup_per_node *pn = memcg->nodeinfo[node];
struct mem_cgroup_per_node *pi;

- for (i = min_idx; i < max_idx; i++)
+ for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
stat[i] = 0;

for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
- for (i = min_idx; i < max_idx; i++)
+ for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
stat[i] += per_cpu(
pn->lruvec_stat_cpu->count[i], cpu);

for (pi = pn; pi; pi = parent_nodeinfo(pi, node))
- for (i = min_idx; i < max_idx; i++)
+ for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
atomic_long_add(stat[i], &pi->lruvec_stat[i]);
}
}
@@ -3520,13 +3505,9 @@ static void memcg_offline_kmem(struct me
parent = root_mem_cgroup;

/*
- * Deactivate and reparent kmem_caches. Then flush percpu
- * slab statistics to have precise values at the parent and
- * all ancestor levels. It's required to keep slab stats
- * accurate after the reparenting of kmem_caches.
+ * Deactivate and reparent kmem_caches.
*/
memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(memcg, parent);
- memcg_flush_percpu_vmstats(memcg, true);

kmemcg_id = memcg->kmemcg_id;
BUG_ON(kmemcg_id < 0);
@@ -5037,7 +5018,7 @@ static void mem_cgroup_free(struct mem_c
* Flush percpu vmstats and vmevents to guarantee the value correctness
* on parent's and all ancestor levels.
*/
- memcg_flush_percpu_vmstats(memcg, false);
+ memcg_flush_percpu_vmstats(memcg);
memcg_flush_percpu_vmevents(memcg);
__mem_cgroup_free(memcg);
}