[PATCH 4.9 02/88] ext4: fix potential race between online resizing and write operations

Greg Kroah-Hartman
2020-03-10T13:35:29Z

From: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>

commit 1d0c3924a92e69bfa91163bda83c12a994b4d106 upstream.

During an online resize an array of pointers to buffer heads gets
replaced so it can get enlarged. If there is a racing block
allocation or deallocation which uses the old array, and the old array
has gotten reused this can lead to a GPF or some other random kernel
memory getting modified.

Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=206443
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200221053458.730016-2-tytso@mit.edu
Reported-by: Suraj Jitindar Singh <surajjs@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org # 4.4.x
Cc: stable@kernel.org # 4.9.x
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
---
fs/ext4/balloc.c | 14 +++++++++---
fs/ext4/ext4.h | 20 +++++++++++++++++-
fs/ext4/resize.c | 55 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------
fs/ext4/super.c | 31 +++++++++++++++++++--------
4 files changed, 96 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/ext4/balloc.c b/fs/ext4/balloc.c
index 2455fe1446d62..de601f3c023d8 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/balloc.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/balloc.c
@@ -279,6 +279,7 @@ struct ext4_group_desc * ext4_get_group_desc(struct super_block *sb,
ext4_group_t ngroups = ext4_get_groups_count(sb);
struct ext4_group_desc *desc;
struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
+ struct buffer_head *bh_p;

if (block_group >= ngroups) {
ext4_error(sb, "block_group >= groups_count - block_group = %u,"
@@ -289,7 +290,14 @@ struct ext4_group_desc * ext4_get_group_desc(struct super_block *sb,

group_desc = block_group >> EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK_BITS(sb);
offset = block_group & (EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb) - 1);
- if (!sbi->s_group_desc[group_desc]) {
+ bh_p = sbi_array_rcu_deref(sbi, s_group_desc, group_desc);
+ /*
+ * sbi_array_rcu_deref returns with rcu unlocked, this is ok since
+ * the pointer being dereferenced won't be dereferenced again. By
+ * looking at the usage in add_new_gdb() the value isn't modified,
+ * just the pointer, and so it remains valid.
+ */
+ if (!bh_p) {
ext4_error(sb, "Group descriptor not loaded - "
"block_group = %u, group_desc = %u, desc = %u",
block_group, group_desc, offset);
@@ -297,10 +305,10 @@ struct ext4_group_desc * ext4_get_group_desc(struct super_block *sb,
}

desc = (struct ext4_group_desc *)(
- (__u8 *)sbi->s_group_desc[group_desc]->b_data +
+ (__u8 *)bh_p->b_data +
offset * EXT4_DESC_SIZE(sb));
if (bh)
- *bh = sbi->s_group_desc[group_desc];
+ *bh = bh_p;
return desc;
}

diff --git a/fs/ext4/ext4.h b/fs/ext4/ext4.h
index 9713d3d41412c..42c6c02382377 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/ext4.h
+++ b/fs/ext4/ext4.h
@@ -1367,7 +1367,7 @@ struct ext4_sb_info {
loff_t s_bitmap_maxbytes; /* max bytes for bitmap files */
struct buffer_head * s_sbh; /* Buffer containing the super block */
struct ext4_super_block *s_es; /* Pointer to the super block in the buffer */
- struct buffer_head **s_group_desc;
+ struct buffer_head * __rcu *s_group_desc;
unsigned int s_mount_opt;
unsigned int s_mount_opt2;
unsigned int s_mount_flags;
@@ -1549,6 +1549,23 @@ static inline int ext4_valid_inum(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
ino <= le32_to_cpu(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es->s_inodes_count));
}

+/*
+ * Returns: sbi->field[index]
+ * Used to access an array element from the following sbi fields which require
+ * rcu protection to avoid dereferencing an invalid pointer due to reassignment
+ * - s_group_desc
+ * - s_group_info
+ * - s_flex_group
+ */
+#define sbi_array_rcu_deref(sbi, field, index) \
+({ \
+ typeof(*((sbi)->field)) _v; \
+ rcu_read_lock(); \
+ _v = ((typeof(_v)*)rcu_dereference((sbi)->field))[index]; \
+ rcu_read_unlock(); \
+ _v; \
+})
+
/*
* Inode dynamic state flags
*/
@@ -2558,6 +2575,7 @@ extern int ext4_generic_delete_entry(handle_t *handle,
extern bool ext4_empty_dir(struct inode *inode);

/* resize.c */
+extern void ext4_kvfree_array_rcu(void *to_free);
extern int ext4_group_add(struct super_block *sb,
struct ext4_new_group_data *input);
extern int ext4_group_extend(struct super_block *sb,
diff --git a/fs/ext4/resize.c b/fs/ext4/resize.c
index aef2a24dc9f94..b788bbe74579b 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/resize.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/resize.c
@@ -16,6 +16,33 @@

#include "ext4_jbd2.h"

+struct ext4_rcu_ptr {
+ struct rcu_head rcu;
+ void *ptr;
+};
+
+static void ext4_rcu_ptr_callback(struct rcu_head *head)
+{
+ struct ext4_rcu_ptr *ptr;
+
+ ptr = container_of(head, struct ext4_rcu_ptr, rcu);
+ kvfree(ptr->ptr);
+ kfree(ptr);
+}
+
+void ext4_kvfree_array_rcu(void *to_free)
+{
+ struct ext4_rcu_ptr *ptr = kzalloc(sizeof(*ptr), GFP_KERNEL);
+
+ if (ptr) {
+ ptr->ptr = to_free;
+ call_rcu(&ptr->rcu, ext4_rcu_ptr_callback);
+ return;
+ }
+ synchronize_rcu();
+ kvfree(to_free);
+}
+
int ext4_resize_begin(struct super_block *sb)
{
struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
@@ -541,8 +568,8 @@ static int setup_new_flex_group_blocks(struct super_block *sb,
brelse(gdb);
goto out;
}
- memcpy(gdb->b_data, sbi->s_group_desc[j]->b_data,
- gdb->b_size);
+ memcpy(gdb->b_data, sbi_array_rcu_deref(sbi,
+ s_group_desc, j)->b_data, gdb->b_size);
set_buffer_uptodate(gdb);

err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, gdb);
@@ -849,13 +876,15 @@ static int add_new_gdb(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode,
}
brelse(dind);

- o_group_desc = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_desc;
+ rcu_read_lock();
+ o_group_desc = rcu_dereference(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_desc);
memcpy(n_group_desc, o_group_desc,
EXT4_SB(sb)->s_gdb_count * sizeof(struct buffer_head *));
+ rcu_read_unlock();
n_group_desc[gdb_num] = gdb_bh;
- EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_desc = n_group_desc;
+ rcu_assign_pointer(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_desc, n_group_desc);
EXT4_SB(sb)->s_gdb_count++;
- kvfree(o_group_desc);
+ ext4_kvfree_array_rcu(o_group_desc);

le16_add_cpu(&es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks, -1);
err = ext4_handle_dirty_super(handle, sb);
@@ -903,9 +932,11 @@ static int add_new_gdb_meta_bg(struct super_block *sb,
return err;
}

- o_group_desc = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_desc;
+ rcu_read_lock();
+ o_group_desc = rcu_dereference(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_desc);
memcpy(n_group_desc, o_group_desc,
EXT4_SB(sb)->s_gdb_count * sizeof(struct buffer_head *));
+ rcu_read_unlock();
n_group_desc[gdb_num] = gdb_bh;

BUFFER_TRACE(gdb_bh, "get_write_access");
@@ -916,9 +947,9 @@ static int add_new_gdb_meta_bg(struct super_block *sb,
return err;
}

- EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_desc = n_group_desc;
+ rcu_assign_pointer(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_desc, n_group_desc);
EXT4_SB(sb)->s_gdb_count++;
- kvfree(o_group_desc);
+ ext4_kvfree_array_rcu(o_group_desc);
return err;
}

@@ -1180,7 +1211,8 @@ static int ext4_add_new_descs(handle_t *handle, struct super_block *sb,
* use non-sparse filesystems anymore. This is already checked above.
*/
if (gdb_off) {
- gdb_bh = sbi->s_group_desc[gdb_num];
+ gdb_bh = sbi_array_rcu_deref(sbi, s_group_desc,
+ gdb_num);
BUFFER_TRACE(gdb_bh, "get_write_access");
err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, gdb_bh);

@@ -1262,7 +1294,7 @@ static int ext4_setup_new_descs(handle_t *handle, struct super_block *sb,
/*
* get_write_access() has been called on gdb_bh by ext4_add_new_desc().
*/
- gdb_bh = sbi->s_group_desc[gdb_num];
+ gdb_bh = sbi_array_rcu_deref(sbi, s_group_desc, gdb_num);
/* Update group descriptor block for new group */
gdp = (struct ext4_group_desc *)(gdb_bh->b_data +
gdb_off * EXT4_DESC_SIZE(sb));
@@ -1489,7 +1521,8 @@ exit_journal:
for (; gdb_num <= gdb_num_end; gdb_num++) {
struct buffer_head *gdb_bh;

- gdb_bh = sbi->s_group_desc[gdb_num];
+ gdb_bh = sbi_array_rcu_deref(sbi, s_group_desc,
+ gdb_num);
if (old_gdb == gdb_bh->b_blocknr)
continue;
update_backups(sb, gdb_bh->b_blocknr, gdb_bh->b_data,
diff --git a/fs/ext4/super.c b/fs/ext4/super.c
index b69a78c061cbb..75840eef13417 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/super.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/super.c
@@ -826,6 +826,7 @@ static void ext4_put_super(struct super_block *sb)
{
struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
struct ext4_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
+ struct buffer_head **group_desc;
int aborted = 0;
int i, err;

@@ -857,9 +858,12 @@ static void ext4_put_super(struct super_block *sb)
if (!(sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY))
ext4_commit_super(sb, 1);

+ rcu_read_lock();
+ group_desc = rcu_dereference(sbi->s_group_desc);
for (i = 0; i < sbi->s_gdb_count; i++)
- brelse(sbi->s_group_desc[i]);
- kvfree(sbi->s_group_desc);
+ brelse(group_desc[i]);
+ kvfree(group_desc);
+ rcu_read_unlock();
kvfree(sbi->s_flex_groups);
percpu_counter_destroy(&sbi->s_freeclusters_counter);
percpu_counter_destroy(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter);
@@ -3403,7 +3407,7 @@ static void ext4_set_resv_clusters(struct super_block *sb)
static int ext4_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
{
char *orig_data = kstrdup(data, GFP_KERNEL);
- struct buffer_head *bh;
+ struct buffer_head *bh, **group_desc;
struct ext4_super_block *es = NULL;
struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = kzalloc(sizeof(*sbi), GFP_KERNEL);
ext4_fsblk_t block;
@@ -3955,9 +3959,10 @@ static int ext4_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
goto failed_mount;
}
}
- sbi->s_group_desc = ext4_kvmalloc(db_count *
+ rcu_assign_pointer(sbi->s_group_desc,
+ ext4_kvmalloc(db_count *
sizeof(struct buffer_head *),
- GFP_KERNEL);
+ GFP_KERNEL));
if (sbi->s_group_desc == NULL) {
ext4_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "not enough memory");
ret = -ENOMEM;
@@ -3967,14 +3972,19 @@ static int ext4_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
bgl_lock_init(sbi->s_blockgroup_lock);

for (i = 0; i < db_count; i++) {
+ struct buffer_head *bh;
+
block = descriptor_loc(sb, logical_sb_block, i);
- sbi->s_group_desc[i] = sb_bread_unmovable(sb, block);
- if (!sbi->s_group_desc[i]) {
+ bh = sb_bread_unmovable(sb, block);
+ if (!bh) {
ext4_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
"can't read group descriptor %d", i);
db_count = i;
goto failed_mount2;
}
+ rcu_read_lock();
+ rcu_dereference(sbi->s_group_desc)[i] = bh;
+ rcu_read_unlock();
}
sbi->s_gdb_count = db_count;
if (!ext4_check_descriptors(sb, logical_sb_block, &first_not_zeroed)) {
@@ -4349,9 +4359,12 @@ failed_mount3:
if (sbi->s_mmp_tsk)
kthread_stop(sbi->s_mmp_tsk);
failed_mount2:
+ rcu_read_lock();
+ group_desc = rcu_dereference(sbi->s_group_desc);
for (i = 0; i < db_count; i++)
- brelse(sbi->s_group_desc[i]);
- kvfree(sbi->s_group_desc);
+ brelse(group_desc[i]);
+ kvfree(group_desc);
+ rcu_read_unlock();
failed_mount:
if (sbi->s_chksum_driver)
crypto_free_shash(sbi->s_chksum_driver);
--
2.20.1