Re: [PATCH v4 3/3] prctl: Allow ptrace capable processes to change /proc/self/exe

Serge E. Hallyn
2020-07-02T21:16:55Z

On Wed, Jul 01, 2020 at 08:49:06AM +0200, Adrian Reber wrote:
> From: Nicolas Viennot <Nicolas.Viennot@twosigma.com>
>
> Previously, the current process could only change the /proc/self/exe
> link with local CAP_SYS_ADMIN.
> This commit relaxes this restriction by permitting such change with
> CAP_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE, and the ability to use ptrace.
>
> With access to ptrace facilities, a process can do the following: fork a
> child, execve() the target executable, and have the child use ptrace()
> to replace the memory content of the current process. This technique
> makes it possible to masquerade an arbitrary program as any executable,
> even setuid ones.
>
> Signed-off-by: Nicolas Viennot <Nicolas.Viennot@twosigma.com>
> Signed-off-by: Adrian Reber <areber@redhat.com>

This is scary. But I believe it is safe.

Reviewed-by: Serge Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>

I am a bit curious about the implications of the selinux patch.
IIUC you are using the permission of the tracing process to
execute the file without transition, so this is a way to work
around the policy which might prevent the tracee from doing so.
Given that SELinux wants to be MAC, I'm not *quite* sure that's
considered kosher. You also are skipping the PROCESS__PTRACE
to SECCLASS_PROCESS check which selinux_bprm_set_creds does later
on. Again I'm just not quite sure what's considered normal there
these days.

Paul, do you have input there?

> ---
> include/linux/lsm_hook_defs.h | 1 +
> include/linux/security.h | 6 ++++++
> kernel/sys.c | 12 ++++--------
> security/commoncap.c | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> security/security.c | 5 +++++
> security/selinux/hooks.c | 14 ++++++++++++++
> 6 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/lsm_hook_defs.h b/include/linux/lsm_hook_defs.h
> index 0098852bb56a..90e51d5e093b 100644
> --- a/include/linux/lsm_hook_defs.h
> +++ b/include/linux/lsm_hook_defs.h
> @@ -211,6 +211,7 @@ LSM_HOOK(int, 0, task_kill, struct task_struct *p, struct kernel_siginfo *info,
> int sig, const struct cred *cred)
> LSM_HOOK(int, -ENOSYS, task_prctl, int option, unsigned long arg2,
> unsigned long arg3, unsigned long arg4, unsigned long arg5)
> +LSM_HOOK(int, 0, prctl_set_mm_exe_file, struct file *exe_file)
> LSM_HOOK(void, LSM_RET_VOID, task_to_inode, struct task_struct *p,
> struct inode *inode)
> LSM_HOOK(int, 0, ipc_permission, struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp, short flag)
> diff --git a/include/linux/security.h b/include/linux/security.h
> index 2797e7f6418e..0f594eb7e766 100644
> --- a/include/linux/security.h
> +++ b/include/linux/security.h
> @@ -412,6 +412,7 @@ int security_task_kill(struct task_struct *p, struct kernel_siginfo *info,
> int sig, const struct cred *cred);
> int security_task_prctl(int option, unsigned long arg2, unsigned long arg3,
> unsigned long arg4, unsigned long arg5);
> +int security_prctl_set_mm_exe_file(struct file *exe_file);
> void security_task_to_inode(struct task_struct *p, struct inode *inode);
> int security_ipc_permission(struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp, short flag);
> void security_ipc_getsecid(struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp, u32 *secid);
> @@ -1124,6 +1125,11 @@ static inline int security_task_prctl(int option, unsigned long arg2,
> return cap_task_prctl(option, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5);
> }
>
> +static inline int security_prctl_set_mm_exe_file(struct file *exe_file)
> +{
> + return cap_prctl_set_mm_exe_file(exe_file);
> +}
> +
> static inline void security_task_to_inode(struct task_struct *p, struct inode *inode)
> { }
>
> diff --git a/kernel/sys.c b/kernel/sys.c
> index 00a96746e28a..bb53e8408c63 100644
> --- a/kernel/sys.c
> +++ b/kernel/sys.c
> @@ -1851,6 +1851,10 @@ static int prctl_set_mm_exe_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned int fd)
> if (err)
> goto exit;
>
> + err = security_prctl_set_mm_exe_file(exe.file);
> + if (err)
> + goto exit;
> +
> /*
> * Forbid mm->exe_file change if old file still mapped.
> */
> @@ -2006,14 +2010,6 @@ static int prctl_set_mm_map(int opt, const void __user *addr, unsigned long data
> }
>
> if (prctl_map.exe_fd != (u32)-1) {
> - /*
> - * Make sure the caller has the rights to
> - * change /proc/pid/exe link: only local sys admin should
> - * be allowed to.
> - */
> - if (!ns_capable(current_user_ns(), CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
> - return -EINVAL;
> -
> error = prctl_set_mm_exe_file(mm, prctl_map.exe_fd);
> if (error)
> return error;
> diff --git a/security/commoncap.c b/security/commoncap.c
> index 59bf3c1674c8..663d00fe2ecc 100644
> --- a/security/commoncap.c
> +++ b/security/commoncap.c
> @@ -1291,6 +1291,31 @@ int cap_task_prctl(int option, unsigned long arg2, unsigned long arg3,
> }
> }
>
> +/**
> + * cap_prctl_set_mm_exe_file - Determine whether /proc/self/exe can be changed
> + * by the current process.
> + * @exe_file: The new exe file
> + * Returns 0 if permission is granted, -ve if denied.
> + *
> + * The current process is permitted to change its /proc/self/exe link via two policies:
> + * 1) The current user can do checkpoint/restore. At the time of this writing,
> + * this means CAP_SYS_ADMIN or CAP_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE capable.
> + * 2) The current user can use ptrace.
> + *
> + * With access to ptrace facilities, a process can do the following:
> + * fork a child, execve() the target executable, and have the child use
> + * ptrace() to replace the memory content of the current process.
> + * This technique makes it possible to masquerade an arbitrary program as the
> + * target executable, even if it is setuid.
> + */
> +int cap_prctl_set_mm_exe_file(struct file *exe_file)
> +{
> + if (checkpoint_restore_ns_capable(current_user_ns()))
> + return 0;
> +
> + return security_ptrace_access_check(current, PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH_REALCREDS);
> +}
> +
> /**
> * cap_vm_enough_memory - Determine whether a new virtual mapping is permitted
> * @mm: The VM space in which the new mapping is to be made
> @@ -1356,6 +1381,7 @@ static struct security_hook_list capability_hooks[] __lsm_ro_after_init = {
> LSM_HOOK_INIT(mmap_file, cap_mmap_file),
> LSM_HOOK_INIT(task_fix_setuid, cap_task_fix_setuid),
> LSM_HOOK_INIT(task_prctl, cap_task_prctl),
> + LSM_HOOK_INIT(prctl_set_mm_exe_file, cap_prctl_set_mm_exe_file),
> LSM_HOOK_INIT(task_setscheduler, cap_task_setscheduler),
> LSM_HOOK_INIT(task_setioprio, cap_task_setioprio),
> LSM_HOOK_INIT(task_setnice, cap_task_setnice),
> diff --git a/security/security.c b/security/security.c
> index 2bb912496232..13a1ed32f9e3 100644
> --- a/security/security.c
> +++ b/security/security.c
> @@ -1790,6 +1790,11 @@ int security_task_prctl(int option, unsigned long arg2, unsigned long arg3,
> return rc;
> }
>
> +int security_prctl_set_mm_exe_file(struct file *exe_file)
> +{
> + return call_int_hook(prctl_set_mm_exe_file, 0, exe_file);
> +}
> +
> void security_task_to_inode(struct task_struct *p, struct inode *inode)
> {
> call_void_hook(task_to_inode, p, inode);
> diff --git a/security/selinux/hooks.c b/security/selinux/hooks.c
> index ca901025802a..fca5581392b8 100644
> --- a/security/selinux/hooks.c
> +++ b/security/selinux/hooks.c
> @@ -4156,6 +4156,19 @@ static int selinux_task_kill(struct task_struct *p, struct kernel_siginfo *info,
> secid, task_sid(p), SECCLASS_PROCESS, perm, NULL);
> }
>
> +static int selinux_prctl_set_mm_exe_file(struct file *exe_file)
> +{
> + u32 sid = current_sid();
> +
> + struct common_audit_data ad = {
> + .type = LSM_AUDIT_DATA_FILE,
> + .u.file = exe_file,
> + };
> +
> + return avc_has_perm(&selinux_state, sid, sid,
> + SECCLASS_FILE, FILE__EXECUTE_NO_TRANS, &ad);
> +}
> +
> static void selinux_task_to_inode(struct task_struct *p,
> struct inode *inode)
> {
> @@ -7057,6 +7070,7 @@ static struct security_hook_list selinux_hooks[] __lsm_ro_after_init = {
> LSM_HOOK_INIT(task_getscheduler, selinux_task_getscheduler),
> LSM_HOOK_INIT(task_movememory, selinux_task_movememory),
> LSM_HOOK_INIT(task_kill, selinux_task_kill),
> + LSM_HOOK_INIT(prctl_set_mm_exe_file, selinux_prctl_set_mm_exe_file),
> LSM_HOOK_INIT(task_to_inode, selinux_task_to_inode),
>
> LSM_HOOK_INIT(ipc_permission, selinux_ipc_permission),
> --
> 2.26.2