[PATCH 6/6] mm/page_alloc: Introduce vm.percpu_pagelist_high_fraction

Mel Gorman
2021-05-25T08:13:29Z

This introduces a new sysctl vm.percpu_pagelist_high_fraction. It is
similar to the old vm.percpu_pagelist_fraction. The old sysctl increased
both pcp->batch and pcp->high with the higher pcp->high potentially
reducing zone->lock contention. However, the higher pcp->batch value also
potentially increased allocation latency while the PCP was refilled.
This sysctl only adjusts pcp->high so that zone->lock contention is
potentially reduced but allocation latency during a PCP refill remains
the same.

# grep -E "high:|batch" /proc/zoneinfo | tail -2
high: 649
batch: 63

# sysctl vm.percpu_pagelist_high_fraction=8
# grep -E "high:|batch" /proc/zoneinfo | tail -2
high: 35071
batch: 63

# sysctl vm.percpu_pagelist_high_fraction=64
high: 4383
batch: 63

# sysctl vm.percpu_pagelist_high_fraction=0
high: 649
batch: 63

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
---
Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/vm.rst | 20 +++++++
include/linux/mmzone.h | 3 ++
kernel/sysctl.c | 8 +++
mm/page_alloc.c | 69 ++++++++++++++++++++++---
4 files changed, 93 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/vm.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/vm.rst
index 2fcafccb53a8..e85c2f21d209 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/vm.rst
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/vm.rst
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ files can be found in mm/swap.c.
- overcommit_ratio
- page-cluster
- panic_on_oom
+- percpu_pagelist_high_fraction
- stat_interval
- stat_refresh
- numa_stat
@@ -789,6 +790,25 @@ panic_on_oom=2+kdump gives you very strong tool to investigate
why oom happens. You can get snapshot.

+percpu_pagelist_high_fraction
+=============================
+
+This is the fraction of pages in each zone that are allocated for each
+per cpu page list. The min value for this is 8. It means that we do
+not allow more than 1/8th of pages in each zone to be allocated in any
+single per_cpu_pagelist. This entry only changes the value of hot per
+cpu pagelists. User can specify a number like 100 to allocate 1/100th
+of each zone to each per cpu page list.
+
+The batch value of each per cpu pagelist remains the same regardless of the
+value of the high fraction so allocation latencies are unaffected.
+
+The initial value is zero. Kernel uses this value to set the high pcp->high
+mark based on the low watermark for the zone and the number of local
+online CPUs. If the user writes '0' to this sysctl, it will revert to
+this default behavior.
+
+
stat_interval
=============

diff --git a/include/linux/mmzone.h b/include/linux/mmzone.h
index a0606239a167..e20d98c62beb 100644
--- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
+++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
@@ -1040,12 +1040,15 @@ int watermark_scale_factor_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *, int, void *,
extern int sysctl_lowmem_reserve_ratio[MAX_NR_ZONES];
int lowmem_reserve_ratio_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *, int, void *,
size_t *, loff_t *);
+int percpu_pagelist_high_fraction_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *, int,
+ void *, size_t *, loff_t *);
int sysctl_min_unmapped_ratio_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *, int,
void *, size_t *, loff_t *);
int sysctl_min_slab_ratio_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *, int,
void *, size_t *, loff_t *);
int numa_zonelist_order_handler(struct ctl_table *, int,
void *, size_t *, loff_t *);
+extern int percpu_pagelist_high_fraction;
extern char numa_zonelist_order[];
#define NUMA_ZONELIST_ORDER_LEN 16

diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c
index 4e5ac50a1af0..9eb9d1f987d9 100644
--- a/kernel/sysctl.c
+++ b/kernel/sysctl.c
@@ -2889,6 +2889,14 @@ static struct ctl_table vm_table[] = {
.extra1 = SYSCTL_ONE,
.extra2 = &one_thousand,
},
+ {
+ .procname = "percpu_pagelist_high_fraction",
+ .data = &percpu_pagelist_high_fraction,
+ .maxlen = sizeof(percpu_pagelist_high_fraction),
+ .mode = 0644,
+ .proc_handler = percpu_pagelist_high_fraction_sysctl_handler,
+ .extra1 = SYSCTL_ZERO,
+ },
{
.procname = "page_lock_unfairness",
.data = &sysctl_page_lock_unfairness,
diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
index 9144b0c4b6c9..07e09b3c2bcf 100644
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ typedef int __bitwise fpi_t;

/* prevent >1 _updater_ of zone percpu pageset ->high and ->batch fields */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(pcp_batch_high_lock);
+#define MIN_PERCPU_PAGELIST_HIGH_FRACTION (8)

struct pagesets {
local_lock_t lock;
@@ -181,6 +182,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(_totalram_pages);
unsigned long totalreserve_pages __read_mostly;
unsigned long totalcma_pages __read_mostly;

+int percpu_pagelist_high_fraction;
gfp_t gfp_allowed_mask __read_mostly = GFP_BOOT_MASK;
DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_MAYBE(CONFIG_INIT_ON_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ON, init_on_alloc);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(init_on_alloc);
@@ -6686,17 +6688,32 @@ static int zone_highsize(struct zone *zone, int batch, int cpu_online)
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
int high;
int nr_local_cpus;
+ unsigned long total_pages;
+
+ if (!percpu_pagelist_high_fraction) {
+ /*
+ * By default, the high value of the pcp is based on the zone
+ * low watermark so that if they are full then background
+ * reclaim will not be started prematurely.
+ */
+ total_pages = low_wmark_pages(zone);
+ } else {
+ /*
+ * If percpu_pagelist_high_fraction is configured, the high
+ * value is based on a fraction of the managed pages in the
+ * zone.
+ */
+ total_pages = zone_managed_pages(zone) / percpu_pagelist_high_fraction;
+ }

/*
- * The high value of the pcp is based on the zone low watermark
- * so that if they are full then background reclaim will not be
- * started prematurely. The value is split across all online CPUs
- * local to the zone. Note that early in boot that CPUs may not be
- * online yet and that during CPU hotplug that the cpumask is not
- * yet updated when a CPU is being onlined.
+ * Split the high value across all online CPUs local to the zone. Note
+ * that early in boot that CPUs may not be online yet and that during
+ * CPU hotplug that the cpumask is not yet updated when a CPU is being
+ * onlined.
*/
nr_local_cpus = max(1U, cpumask_weight(cpumask_of_node(zone_to_nid(zone)))) + cpu_online;
- high = low_wmark_pages(zone) / nr_local_cpus;
+ high = total_pages / nr_local_cpus;

/*
* Ensure high is at least batch*4. The multiple is based on the
@@ -8462,6 +8479,44 @@ int lowmem_reserve_ratio_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
return 0;
}

+/*
+ * percpu_pagelist_high_fraction - changes the pcp->high for each zone on each
+ * cpu. It is the fraction of total pages in each zone that a hot per cpu
+ * pagelist can have before it gets flushed back to buddy allocator.
+ */
+int percpu_pagelist_high_fraction_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *table,
+ int write, void *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+ struct zone *zone;
+ int old_percpu_pagelist_high_fraction;
+ int ret;
+
+ mutex_lock(&pcp_batch_high_lock);
+ old_percpu_pagelist_high_fraction = percpu_pagelist_high_fraction;
+
+ ret = proc_dointvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, length, ppos);
+ if (!write || ret < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ /* Sanity checking to avoid pcp imbalance */
+ if (percpu_pagelist_high_fraction &&
+ percpu_pagelist_high_fraction < MIN_PERCPU_PAGELIST_HIGH_FRACTION) {
+ percpu_pagelist_high_fraction = old_percpu_pagelist_high_fraction;
+ ret = -EINVAL;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ /* No change? */
+ if (percpu_pagelist_high_fraction == old_percpu_pagelist_high_fraction)
+ goto out;
+
+ for_each_populated_zone(zone)
+ zone_set_pageset_high_and_batch(zone, 0);
+out:
+ mutex_unlock(&pcp_batch_high_lock);
+ return ret;
+}
+
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_RESERVED_KERNEL_PAGES
/*
* Returns the number of pages that arch has reserved but
--
2.26.2