Re: KVM vs AMD: Re: [PATCH v3 48/59] x86/retbleed: Add SKL return thunk

Peter Zijlstra
2022-11-04T12:45:31Z

On Thu, Nov 03, 2022 at 10:53:54PM +0000, Andrew Cooper wrote:
> On 21/10/2022 16:21, Nathan Chancellor wrote:
> > On Fri, Oct 21, 2022 at 11:53:09AM +0200, Peter Zijlstra wrote:
> >> On Thu, Oct 20, 2022 at 04:10:28PM -0700, Nathan Chancellor wrote:
> >>> This commit is now in -next as commit 5d8213864ade ("x86/retbleed: Add
> >>> SKL return thunk"). I just bisected an immediate reboot on my AMD test
> >>> system when starting a virtual machine with QEMU + KVM to it (see the
> >>> bisect log below). My Intel test systems do not show this.
> >>> Unfortunately, I do not have much more information, as there are no logs
> >>> in journalctl, which makes sense as the reboot occurs immediately after
> >>> I hit the enter key for the QEMU command.
> >>>
> >>> If there is any further information I can provide or patches I can test
> >>> for further debugging, I am more than happy to do so.
> >> Moo :-(
> >>
> >> you happen to have a .config for me?
> > Sure thing, sorry I did not provide it in the first place! Attached. It
> > has been run through localmodconfig for the particular machine but I
> > assume the core pieces should still be present.
>
> Following up from some debugging on IRC.
>
> The problem is that FILL_RETURN_BUFFER now has a per-cpu variable
> access, and AMD SVM has a fun optimisation where the VMRUN instruction
> doesn't swap, amongst other things, %gs.
>
> per-cpu variables only become safe following
> vmload(__sme_page_pa(sd->save_area)); in svm_vcpu_enter_exit().
>
> Given that retbleed=force ought to work on non-skylake hardware, the
> appropriate fix is to move the VMLOAD/VMSAVE's down into asm and put
> them adjacent to VMRUN.
>
> This also addresses an undocumented dependency where its only the memory
> clobber in vmload() which stops the compiler moving
> svm_vcpu_enter_exit()'s calculation of sd into an unsafe position.

So, aside from wasting the entire morning on resuscitating my AMD
Interlagos, I ended up with the below patch which seems to work.

Not being a virt person, I'm sure I've messed up something, please
advise.

---
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
index 58f0077d9357..f7ee1eedacfe 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
@@ -3929,11 +3929,8 @@ static noinstr void svm_vcpu_enter_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
* the state doesn't need to be copied between vmcb01 and
* vmcb02 when switching vmcbs for nested virtualization.
*/
- vmload(svm->vmcb01.pa);
- __svm_vcpu_run(vmcb_pa, (unsigned long *)&vcpu->arch.regs);
- vmsave(svm->vmcb01.pa);
-
- vmload(__sme_page_pa(sd->save_area));
+ __svm_vcpu_run(vmcb_pa, (unsigned long *)&vcpu->arch.regs,
+ svm->vmcb01.pa, __sme_page_pa(sd->save_area));
}

guest_state_exit_irqoff();
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
index 6a7686bf6900..2a038def7ac7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
@@ -684,6 +684,7 @@ void sev_es_unmap_ghcb(struct vcpu_svm *svm);
/* vmenter.S */

void __svm_sev_es_vcpu_run(unsigned long vmcb_pa);
-void __svm_vcpu_run(unsigned long vmcb_pa, unsigned long *regs);
+void __svm_vcpu_run(unsigned long vmcb_pa, unsigned long *regs,
+ unsigned long guest_vmcb_pa, unsigned long host_vmcb_pa);

#endif
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/vmenter.S b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/vmenter.S
index 09eacf19d718..50f200f7b773 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/vmenter.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/vmenter.S
@@ -32,8 +32,10 @@

/**
* __svm_vcpu_run - Run a vCPU via a transition to SVM guest mode
- * @vmcb_pa: unsigned long
- * @regs: unsigned long * (to guest registers)
+ * @vmcb_pa: unsigned long
+ * @regs: unsigned long * (to guest registers)
+ * @guest_vmcb_pa: unsigned long
+ * @host_vmcb_pa: unsigned long
*/
SYM_FUNC_START(__svm_vcpu_run)
push %_ASM_BP
@@ -51,9 +53,18 @@ SYM_FUNC_START(__svm_vcpu_run)
/* Save @regs. */
push %_ASM_ARG2

+ /* Save host_vmcb_pa */
+ push %_ASM_ARG4
+
+ /* Save guest_vmcb_pa */
+ push %_ASM_ARG3
+
/* Save @vmcb. */
push %_ASM_ARG1

+ /* Save guest_vmcb_pa */
+ push %_ASM_ARG3
+
/* Move @regs to RAX. */
mov %_ASM_ARG2, %_ASM_AX

@@ -75,15 +86,29 @@ SYM_FUNC_START(__svm_vcpu_run)
mov VCPU_R15(%_ASM_AX), %r15
#endif

+ /* POP and VMLOAD @guest_vmcb01_pa */
+ pop %_ASM_AX
+1: vmload %_ASM_AX
+2:
/* "POP" @vmcb to RAX. */
pop %_ASM_AX

/* Enter guest mode */
sti

-1: vmrun %_ASM_AX
+3: vmrun %_ASM_AX
+4:
+ cli

-2: cli
+ /* POP and VMSAVE @guest_vmcb01_pa */
+ pop %_ASM_AX
+5: vmsave %_ASM_AX
+6:
+ /* POP and VMLOAD @host_vmcb01_pa */
+ pop %_ASM_AX
+7: vmload %_ASM_AX
+8:
+ /* Now host %GS is live */

#ifdef CONFIG_RETPOLINE
/* IMPORTANT: Stuff the RSB immediately after VM-Exit, before RET! */
@@ -160,11 +185,26 @@ SYM_FUNC_START(__svm_vcpu_run)
pop %_ASM_BP
RET

-3: cmpb $0, kvm_rebooting
+10: cmpb $0, kvm_rebooting
jne 2b
ud2

- _ASM_EXTABLE(1b, 3b)
+30: cmpb $0, kvm_rebooting
+ jne 4b
+ ud2
+
+50: cmpb $0, kvm_rebooting
+ jne 6b
+ ud2
+
+70: cmpb $0, kvm_rebooting
+ jne 8b
+ ud2
+
+ _ASM_EXTABLE(1b, 10b)
+ _ASM_EXTABLE(3b, 30b)
+ _ASM_EXTABLE(5b, 50b)
+ _ASM_EXTABLE(7b, 70b)

SYM_FUNC_END(__svm_vcpu_run)