[RFC PATCH 8/9] rv: Replace tss monitor with more complete sts

Gabriele Monaco
2025-04-04T08:46:36Z

The tss monitor currently guarantees context switches can happen only
while scheduling, but it doesn't enforce that each scheduling call
implies a task switch. This can be implied only if we rely on the newly
introduced sched_switch_vain tracepoint, which represents a
scheduler call where the previously running task is the same that is
picked to run next, in fact no context is switched.

Replace the monitor with a more comprehensive specification which
implies tss but also ensures that:
* each scheduler call switches context (or has a vain switch)
* each context switch happens with interrupts disabled

Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Gabriele Monaco <gmonaco@redhat.com>
---
Documentation/trace/rv/monitor_sched.rst | 68 +++++++---
kernel/trace/rv/Kconfig | 2 +-
kernel/trace/rv/Makefile | 2 +-
kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/Kconfig | 18 +++
kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts.c | 118 ++++++++++++++++++
kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts.h | 62 +++++++++
.../{tss/tss_trace.h => sts/sts_trace.h} | 8 +-
kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/Kconfig | 14 ---
kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss.c | 91 --------------
kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss.h | 47 -------
kernel/trace/rv/rv_trace.h | 2 +-
tools/verification/models/sched/sts.dot | 29 +++++
tools/verification/models/sched/tss.dot | 18 ---
13 files changed, 282 insertions(+), 197 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/Kconfig
create mode 100644 kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts.c
create mode 100644 kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts.h
rename kernel/trace/rv/monitors/{tss/tss_trace.h => sts/sts_trace.h} (67%)
delete mode 100644 kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/Kconfig
delete mode 100644 kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss.c
delete mode 100644 kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss.h
create mode 100644 tools/verification/models/sched/sts.dot
delete mode 100644 tools/verification/models/sched/tss.dot

diff --git a/Documentation/trace/rv/monitor_sched.rst b/Documentation/trace/rv/monitor_sched.rst
index 24b2c62a3bc26..641e70e359aaa 100644
--- a/Documentation/trace/rv/monitor_sched.rst
+++ b/Documentation/trace/rv/monitor_sched.rst
@@ -40,26 +40,6 @@ defined in by Daniel Bristot in [1].

Currently we included the following:

-Monitor tss
-~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The task switch while scheduling (tss) monitor ensures a task switch happens
-only in scheduling context, that is inside a call to `__schedule`::
-
- |
- |
- v
- +-----------------+
- | thread | <+
- +-----------------+ |
- | |
- | schedule_entry | schedule_exit
- v |
- sched_switch |
- +--------------- |
- | sched |
- +--------------> -+
-
Monitor sco
~~~~~~~~~~~

@@ -165,6 +145,54 @@ schedule is not called with interrupt disabled::
|
cant_sched -+

+Monitor sts
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The schedule implies task switch (sts) monitor ensures a task switch happens in
+every scheduling context, that is inside a call to ``__schedule``, as well as no
+task switch can happen without scheduling and before interrupts are disabled.
+This require the special type of switch called vain, which occurs when the next
+task picked for execution is the same as the previously running one, in fact no
+real task switch occurs::
+
+ |
+ |
+ v
+ #====================# irq_disable
+ H H irq_enable
+ H thread H --------------+
+ H H |
+ +-------------> H H <-------------+
+ | #====================#
+ | |
+ | | schedule_entry
+ | v
+ | +--------------------+
+ | | scheduling | <+
+ | +--------------------+ |
+ | | |
+ | | irq_disable | irq_enable
+ | v |
+ | +--------------------+ |
+ | | disable_to_switch | -+
+ | schedule_exit +--------------------+
+ | |
+ | | sched_switch
+ | | sched_switch_vain
+ | v
+ | +--------------------+
+ | | switching |
+ | +--------------------+
+ | |
+ | | irq_enable
+ | v
+ | +--------------------+ irq_disable
+ | | | irq_enable
+ | | enable_to_exit | --------------+
+ | | | |
+ +-------------- | | <-------------+
+ +--------------------+
+
References
----------

diff --git a/kernel/trace/rv/Kconfig b/kernel/trace/rv/Kconfig
index b39f36013ef23..a53a3eca9616d 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/rv/Kconfig
+++ b/kernel/trace/rv/Kconfig
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ menuconfig RV
source "kernel/trace/rv/monitors/wip/Kconfig"
source "kernel/trace/rv/monitors/wwnr/Kconfig"
source "kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sched/Kconfig"
-source "kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/Kconfig"
source "kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sco/Kconfig"
source "kernel/trace/rv/monitors/snroc/Kconfig"
source "kernel/trace/rv/monitors/scpd/Kconfig"
source "kernel/trace/rv/monitors/snep/Kconfig"
source "kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sncid/Kconfig"
+source "kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/Kconfig"
# Add new monitors here

config RV_REACTORS
diff --git a/kernel/trace/rv/Makefile b/kernel/trace/rv/Makefile
index f9b2cd0483c3c..c609b72275cb8 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/rv/Makefile
+++ b/kernel/trace/rv/Makefile
@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_RV) += rv.o
obj-$(CONFIG_RV_MON_WIP) += monitors/wip/wip.o
obj-$(CONFIG_RV_MON_WWNR) += monitors/wwnr/wwnr.o
obj-$(CONFIG_RV_MON_SCHED) += monitors/sched/sched.o
-obj-$(CONFIG_RV_MON_TSS) += monitors/tss/tss.o
obj-$(CONFIG_RV_MON_SCO) += monitors/sco/sco.o
obj-$(CONFIG_RV_MON_SNROC) += monitors/snroc/snroc.o
obj-$(CONFIG_RV_MON_SCPD) += monitors/scpd/scpd.o
obj-$(CONFIG_RV_MON_SNEP) += monitors/snep/snep.o
obj-$(CONFIG_RV_MON_SNCID) += monitors/sncid/sncid.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_RV_MON_STS) += monitors/sts/sts.o
# Add new monitors here
obj-$(CONFIG_RV_REACTORS) += rv_reactors.o
obj-$(CONFIG_RV_REACT_PRINTK) += reactor_printk.o
diff --git a/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/Kconfig b/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/Kconfig
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..5b486dac3f10f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/Kconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#
+config RV_MON_STS
+ depends on RV
+ depends on IRQSOFF_TRACER
+ depends on RV_MON_SCHED
+ default y
+ select DA_MON_EVENTS_IMPLICIT
+ bool "sts monitor"
+ help
+ Monitor to ensure relationships between scheduler and switches
+ * each call to the scheduler implies a switch
+ * switches only happen inside the scheduler
+ * switches happen with interrupt disabled
+ This monitor is part of the sched monitors collection.
+
+ For further information, see:
+ Documentation/trace/rv/monitor_sched.rst
diff --git a/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts.c b/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..0a3ed35bfe894
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts.c
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include <linux/ftrace.h>
+#include <linux/tracepoint.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/rv.h>
+#include <rv/instrumentation.h>
+#include <rv/da_monitor.h>
+
+#define MODULE_NAME "sts"
+
+#include <trace/events/sched.h>
+#include <trace/events/preemptirq.h>
+#include <rv_trace.h>
+#include <monitors/sched/sched.h>
+
+#include "sts.h"
+
+static struct rv_monitor rv_sts;
+DECLARE_DA_MON_PER_CPU(sts, unsigned char);
+
+static void handle_irq_disable(void *data, unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip)
+{
+ da_handle_event_sts(irq_disable_sts);
+}
+
+static void handle_irq_enable(void *data, unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip)
+{
+ da_handle_event_sts(irq_enable_sts);
+}
+
+static void handle_sched_switch(void *data, bool preempt,
+ struct task_struct *prev,
+ struct task_struct *next,
+ unsigned int prev_state)
+{
+ da_handle_event_sts(sched_switch_sts);
+}
+
+static void handle_sched_switch_vain(void *data, bool preempt,
+ struct task_struct *tsk,
+ unsigned int tsk_state)
+{
+ da_handle_event_sts(sched_switch_vain_sts);
+}
+
+static void handle_schedule_entry(void *data, bool preempt, unsigned long ip)
+{
+ da_handle_event_sts(schedule_entry_sts);
+}
+
+static void handle_schedule_exit(void *data, bool is_switch, unsigned long ip)
+{
+ da_handle_start_event_sts(schedule_exit_sts);
+}
+
+static int enable_sts(void)
+{
+ int retval;
+
+ retval = da_monitor_init_sts();
+ if (retval)
+ return retval;
+
+ rv_attach_trace_probe("sts", irq_disable, handle_irq_disable);
+ rv_attach_trace_probe("sts", irq_enable, handle_irq_enable);
+ rv_attach_trace_probe("sts", sched_switch, handle_sched_switch);
+ rv_attach_trace_probe("sts", sched_switch_vain_tp, handle_sched_switch_vain);
+ rv_attach_trace_probe("sts", sched_entry_tp, handle_schedule_entry);
+ rv_attach_trace_probe("sts", sched_exit_tp, handle_schedule_exit);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void disable_sts(void)
+{
+ rv_sts.enabled = 0;
+
+ rv_detach_trace_probe("sts", irq_disable, handle_irq_disable);
+ rv_detach_trace_probe("sts", irq_enable, handle_irq_enable);
+ rv_detach_trace_probe("sts", sched_switch, handle_sched_switch);
+ rv_detach_trace_probe("sts", sched_switch_vain_tp, handle_sched_switch_vain);
+ rv_detach_trace_probe("sts", sched_entry_tp, handle_schedule_entry);
+ rv_detach_trace_probe("sts", sched_exit_tp, handle_schedule_exit);
+
+ da_monitor_destroy_sts();
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is the monitor register section.
+ */
+static struct rv_monitor rv_sts = {
+ .name = "sts",
+ .description = "schedule implies task switch.",
+ .enable = enable_sts,
+ .disable = disable_sts,
+ .reset = da_monitor_reset_all_sts,
+ .enabled = 0,
+};
+
+static int __init register_sts(void)
+{
+ rv_register_monitor(&rv_sts, &rv_sched);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void __exit unregister_sts(void)
+{
+ rv_unregister_monitor(&rv_sts);
+}
+
+module_init(register_sts);
+module_exit(unregister_sts);
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Gabriele Monaco <gmonaco@redhat.com>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("sts: schedule implies task switch.");
diff --git a/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts.h b/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..6921c00422930
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+/*
+ * Automatically generated C representation of sts automaton
+ * For further information about this format, see kernel documentation:
+ * Documentation/trace/rv/deterministic_automata.rst
+ */
+
+enum states_sts {
+ thread_sts = 0,
+ disable_to_switch_sts,
+ enable_to_exit_sts,
+ scheduling_sts,
+ switching_sts,
+ state_max_sts
+};
+
+#define INVALID_STATE state_max_sts
+
+enum events_sts {
+ irq_disable_sts = 0,
+ irq_enable_sts,
+ sched_switch_sts,
+ sched_switch_vain_sts,
+ schedule_entry_sts,
+ schedule_exit_sts,
+ event_max_sts
+};
+
+struct automaton_sts {
+ char *state_names[state_max_sts];
+ char *event_names[event_max_sts];
+ unsigned char function[state_max_sts][event_max_sts];
+ unsigned char initial_state;
+ bool final_states[state_max_sts];
+};
+
+static const struct automaton_sts automaton_sts = {
+ .state_names = {
+ "thread",
+ "disable_to_switch",
+ "enable_to_exit",
+ "scheduling",
+ "switching"
+ },
+ .event_names = {
+ "irq_disable",
+ "irq_enable",
+ "sched_switch",
+ "sched_switch_vain",
+ "schedule_entry",
+ "schedule_exit"
+ },
+ .function = {
+ { thread_sts, thread_sts, INVALID_STATE, INVALID_STATE, scheduling_sts, INVALID_STATE },
+ { INVALID_STATE, scheduling_sts, switching_sts, switching_sts, INVALID_STATE, INVALID_STATE },
+ { enable_to_exit_sts, enable_to_exit_sts, INVALID_STATE, INVALID_STATE, INVALID_STATE, thread_sts },
+ { disable_to_switch_sts, INVALID_STATE, INVALID_STATE, INVALID_STATE, INVALID_STATE, INVALID_STATE },
+ { INVALID_STATE, enable_to_exit_sts, INVALID_STATE, INVALID_STATE, INVALID_STATE, INVALID_STATE },
+ },
+ .initial_state = thread_sts,
+ .final_states = { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+};
diff --git a/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss_trace.h b/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts_trace.h
similarity index 67%
rename from kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss_trace.h
rename to kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts_trace.h
index 4619dbb50cc06..d78beb58d5b3d 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss_trace.h
+++ b/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/sts/sts_trace.h
@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@
* Snippet to be included in rv_trace.h
*/

-#ifdef CONFIG_RV_MON_TSS
-DEFINE_EVENT(event_da_monitor, event_tss,
+#ifdef CONFIG_RV_MON_STS
+DEFINE_EVENT(event_da_monitor, event_sts,
TP_PROTO(char *state, char *event, char *next_state, bool final_state),
TP_ARGS(state, event, next_state, final_state));

-DEFINE_EVENT(error_da_monitor, error_tss,
+DEFINE_EVENT(error_da_monitor, error_sts,
TP_PROTO(char *state, char *event),
TP_ARGS(state, event));
-#endif /* CONFIG_RV_MON_TSS */
+#endif /* CONFIG_RV_MON_STS */
diff --git a/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/Kconfig b/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/Kconfig
deleted file mode 100644
index 479f86f52e60d..0000000000000
--- a/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/Kconfig
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
-#
-config RV_MON_TSS
- depends on RV
- depends on RV_MON_SCHED
- default y
- select DA_MON_EVENTS_IMPLICIT
- bool "tss monitor"
- help
- Monitor to ensure sched_switch happens only in scheduling context.
- This monitor is part of the sched monitors collection.
-
- For further information, see:
- Documentation/trace/rv/monitor_sched.rst
diff --git a/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss.c b/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 542787e6524fc..0000000000000
--- a/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
-#include <linux/ftrace.h>
-#include <linux/tracepoint.h>
-#include <linux/kernel.h>
-#include <linux/module.h>
-#include <linux/init.h>
-#include <linux/rv.h>
-#include <rv/instrumentation.h>
-#include <rv/da_monitor.h>
-
-#define MODULE_NAME "tss"
-
-#include <trace/events/sched.h>
-#include <rv_trace.h>
-#include <monitors/sched/sched.h>
-
-#include "tss.h"
-
-static struct rv_monitor rv_tss;
-DECLARE_DA_MON_PER_CPU(tss, unsigned char);
-
-static void handle_sched_switch(void *data, bool preempt,
- struct task_struct *prev,
- struct task_struct *next,
- unsigned int prev_state)
-{
- da_handle_event_tss(sched_switch_tss);
-}
-
-static void handle_schedule_entry(void *data, bool preempt, unsigned long ip)
-{
- da_handle_event_tss(schedule_entry_tss);
-}
-
-static void handle_schedule_exit(void *data, bool is_switch, unsigned long ip)
-{
- da_handle_start_event_tss(schedule_exit_tss);
-}
-
-static int enable_tss(void)
-{
- int retval;
-
- retval = da_monitor_init_tss();
- if (retval)
- return retval;
-
- rv_attach_trace_probe("tss", sched_switch, handle_sched_switch);
- rv_attach_trace_probe("tss", sched_entry_tp, handle_schedule_entry);
- rv_attach_trace_probe("tss", sched_exit_tp, handle_schedule_exit);
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-static void disable_tss(void)
-{
- rv_tss.enabled = 0;
-
- rv_detach_trace_probe("tss", sched_switch, handle_sched_switch);
- rv_detach_trace_probe("tss", sched_entry_tp, handle_schedule_entry);
- rv_detach_trace_probe("tss", sched_exit_tp, handle_schedule_exit);
-
- da_monitor_destroy_tss();
-}
-
-static struct rv_monitor rv_tss = {
- .name = "tss",
- .description = "task switch while scheduling.",
- .enable = enable_tss,
- .disable = disable_tss,
- .reset = da_monitor_reset_all_tss,
- .enabled = 0,
-};
-
-static int __init register_tss(void)
-{
- rv_register_monitor(&rv_tss, &rv_sched);
- return 0;
-}
-
-static void __exit unregister_tss(void)
-{
- rv_unregister_monitor(&rv_tss);
-}
-
-module_init(register_tss);
-module_exit(unregister_tss);
-
-MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
-MODULE_AUTHOR("Gabriele Monaco <gmonaco@redhat.com>");
-MODULE_DESCRIPTION("tss: task switch while scheduling.");
diff --git a/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss.h b/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss.h
deleted file mode 100644
index f0a36fda1b873..0000000000000
--- a/kernel/trace/rv/monitors/tss/tss.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
-/*
- * Automatically generated C representation of tss automaton
- * For further information about this format, see kernel documentation:
- * Documentation/trace/rv/deterministic_automata.rst
- */
-
-enum states_tss {
- thread_tss = 0,
- sched_tss,
- state_max_tss
-};
-
-#define INVALID_STATE state_max_tss
-
-enum events_tss {
- sched_switch_tss = 0,
- schedule_entry_tss,
- schedule_exit_tss,
- event_max_tss
-};
-
-struct automaton_tss {
- char *state_names[state_max_tss];
- char *event_names[event_max_tss];
- unsigned char function[state_max_tss][event_max_tss];
- unsigned char initial_state;
- bool final_states[state_max_tss];
-};
-
-static const struct automaton_tss automaton_tss = {
- .state_names = {
- "thread",
- "sched"
- },
- .event_names = {
- "sched_switch",
- "schedule_entry",
- "schedule_exit"
- },
- .function = {
- { INVALID_STATE, sched_tss, INVALID_STATE },
- { sched_tss, INVALID_STATE, thread_tss },
- },
- .initial_state = thread_tss,
- .final_states = { 1, 0 },
-};
diff --git a/kernel/trace/rv/rv_trace.h b/kernel/trace/rv/rv_trace.h
index 18fa0e358a30e..a5e1c52e29926 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/rv/rv_trace.h
+++ b/kernel/trace/rv/rv_trace.h
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ DECLARE_EVENT_CLASS(error_da_monitor,
);

#include <monitors/wip/wip_trace.h>
-#include <monitors/tss/tss_trace.h>
#include <monitors/sco/sco_trace.h>
#include <monitors/scpd/scpd_trace.h>
#include <monitors/snep/snep_trace.h>
#include <monitors/sncid/sncid_trace.h>
+#include <monitors/sts/sts_trace.h>
// Add new monitors based on CONFIG_DA_MON_EVENTS_IMPLICIT here

#endif /* CONFIG_DA_MON_EVENTS_IMPLICIT */
diff --git a/tools/verification/models/sched/sts.dot b/tools/verification/models/sched/sts.dot
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..8152675b4f528
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/verification/models/sched/sts.dot
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+digraph state_automaton {
+ center = true;
+ size = "7,11";
+ {node [shape = circle] "disable_to_switch"};
+ {node [shape = circle] "enable_to_exit"};
+ {node [shape = circle] "scheduling"};
+ {node [shape = circle] "switching"};
+ {node [shape = plaintext, style=invis, label=""] "__init_thread"};
+ {node [shape = doublecircle] "thread"};
+ {node [shape = circle] "thread"};
+ "__init_thread" -> "thread";
+ "disable_to_switch" [label = "disable_to_switch"];
+ "disable_to_switch" -> "scheduling" [ label = "irq_enable" ];
+ "disable_to_switch" -> "switching" [ label = "sched_switch\nsched_switch_vain" ];
+ "enable_to_exit" [label = "enable_to_exit"];
+ "enable_to_exit" -> "enable_to_exit" [ label = "irq_disable\nirq_enable" ];
+ "enable_to_exit" -> "thread" [ label = "schedule_exit" ];
+ "scheduling" [label = "scheduling"];
+ "scheduling" -> "disable_to_switch" [ label = "irq_disable" ];
+ "switching" [label = "switching"];
+ "switching" -> "enable_to_exit" [ label = "irq_enable" ];
+ "thread" [label = "thread", color = green3];
+ "thread" -> "scheduling" [ label = "schedule_entry" ];
+ "thread" -> "thread" [ label = "irq_disable\nirq_enable" ];
+ { rank = min ;
+ "__init_thread";
+ "thread";
+ }
+}
diff --git a/tools/verification/models/sched/tss.dot b/tools/verification/models/sched/tss.dot
deleted file mode 100644
index 7dfa1d9121bbd..0000000000000
--- a/tools/verification/models/sched/tss.dot
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-digraph state_automaton {
- center = true;
- size = "7,11";
- {node [shape = plaintext] "sched"};
- {node [shape = plaintext, style=invis, label=""] "__init_thread"};
- {node [shape = ellipse] "thread"};
- {node [shape = plaintext] "thread"};
- "__init_thread" -> "thread";
- "sched" [label = "sched"];
- "sched" -> "sched" [ label = "sched_switch" ];
- "sched" -> "thread" [ label = "schedule_exit" ];
- "thread" [label = "thread", color = green3];
- "thread" -> "sched" [ label = "schedule_entry" ];
- { rank = min ;
- "__init_thread";
- "thread";
- }
-}
--
2.49.0